Oracle redo 日志損壞的幾種情況下的恢復
第一：損壞的redo為非正在使用的redo log
1、歸檔模式，不是當前正在日志損壞，數據庫打開模式。
模擬損壞：
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ---
1 1 388 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5385552 27-OCT-13 5385555 27-OCT-13
2 1 389 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5385555 27-OCT-13 5385558 27-OCT-13
3 1 390 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5385558 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
4 1 387 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5385548 27-OCT-13 5385552 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo02.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 17:36 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 17:35 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 17:35 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:35 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:35 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:35 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:35 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:35 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 17:35 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 17:35 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:35 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 17:35 users01.dbf
SQL>
日志提示錯誤：
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_arc2_1758.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Master background archival failure: 313
日常出現錯誤，提示不能獲得該文件狀態，數據無法進行日志切換
解決辦法：
1、注意不需要重啟數據庫，只需要把日志清除即可。
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL>
SQL> !ls -l
total 3698948
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 17:41 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 17:39 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 17:39 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:40 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:41 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:38 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:38 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:39 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:39 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 17:39 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 17:39 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:39 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 17:39 users01.dbf
2、歸檔模式，不是當前正在日志損壞，數據庫關閉模式。
演示過程：
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
select * from v$log
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 3489
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
日志提示：
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_3489.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
Sun Oct 27 17:45:25 2013
ARC1 started with pid=21, OS id=3493
USER (ospid: 3489): terminating the instance due to error 313
Sun Oct 27 17:45:25 2013
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=3489), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_diag_3458_20131027174525.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20131027174525], requested by (instance=1, osid=3489), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 3489
解決辦法：
在數據庫啟動的時候清除日志，然后open數據庫：
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
alter database clear logfile group 2
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 2 of instance RHYS (thread 1) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
3、數據庫打開模式，非歸檔模式，非當前日志損壞
模擬過程：
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 402
Current log sequence 405
SQL> !rm redo02.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 17:54 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 17:54 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 17:54 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:54 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:54 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:54 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:54 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:54 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 17:54 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 17:54 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:54 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 17:54 users01.dbf
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
SQL>
在執行dml語句，以及切換日志都成功，但是數據庫啟動后報錯。
日志文件如下：
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_3779.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
USER (ospid: 3779): terminating the instance due to error 313
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=3779), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_diag_3749_20131027175926.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20131027175926], requested by (instance=1, osid=3779), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 3779
解決方案：
只需要把損壞的日志文件清除日志組即可。
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
4、非歸檔模式、數據庫關閉、不是正在使用的日志文件損壞。
模擬過程：
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 450 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5388976 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
2 1 449 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5388970 27-OCT-13 5388976 27-OCT-13
3 1 447 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5388964 27-OCT-13 5388967 27-OCT-13
4 1 448 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5388967 27-OCT-13 5388970 27-OCT-13
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> !rm redo02.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 18:06 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 18:06 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 18:06 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:06 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:05 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:05 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:06 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:06 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 18:06 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 18:06 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:06 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 18:06 users01.dbf
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 4087
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
日志告警
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_4087.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
USER (ospid: 4087): terminating the instance due to error 313
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=4087), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_diag_4057_20131027180649.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20131027180649], requested by (instance=1, osid=4087), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 4087
恢復方法：
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
該方法與第三中方法一樣。
總結，對於不是當前使用的歸檔日志損壞，歸檔模式需要使用alter database clear unarchived 命令清空日志 組即可。對於非歸檔模式需要使用alter system clear 日志文件組即可。
第二、當前正在使用的日志文件損壞
1、歸檔模式，數據庫open狀態、當前正在使用的日志文件損壞
模擬過程：
QL> !ls -l
total 3698948
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 18:27 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 18:10 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 18:10 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:26 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 18:26 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 18:26 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:26 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 18:10 users01.dbf
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 447
Next log sequence to archive 450
Current log sequence 450
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 450 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5388976 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5388970 27-OCT-13 5388976 27-OCT-13
3 1 447 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5388964 27-OCT-13 5388967 27-OCT-13
4 1 448 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5388967 27-OCT-13 5388970 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo01.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 18:28 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 18:10 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 18:10 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 18:28 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 18:28 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:28 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 18:10 users01.dbf
SQL>
日志信息提示：
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_arc2_4228.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Master background archival failure: 313
解決方法：
由於這個時候，雖然當前日志是正在被使用的，但是我們可以先進行切換日志之后，然后執行clear操作。
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> !rm redo01.log;
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1;
alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01624: log 1 needed for crash recovery of instance RHYS (thread 1)
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo01.log'
SQL> alter database switch logfile;
alter database switch logfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02000: missing ALL keyword
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 458 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5397246 27-OCT-13 5397347 27-OCT-13
2 1 459 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397347 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
2、歸檔模式，數據庫open狀態、當前正在使用的日志文件損壞，並且正常關閉數據庫。
模擬過程：
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 0
Next log sequence to archive 459
Current log sequence 459
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5397246 27-OCT-13 5397347 27-OCT-13
2 1 459 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397347 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo02.log;
SQL> !ls -ltr
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 19:21 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:26 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:26 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:26 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 19:26 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 19:26 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 19:26 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 19:26 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:26 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:26 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 19:26 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:26 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 19:27 control01.ctl
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 5110
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
SQL> exit
解決辦法，只需要進行啟動到mount狀態下，然后clear損壞日志即可。
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@oracle-one RHYS]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Oct 27 19:28:33 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
3、歸檔模式，數據庫open狀態、當前正在使用的日志文件損壞，並且異常關閉數據庫。
模擬過程：
SQL> set linesize 200;
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 460 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397348 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5397347 27-OCT-13 5397348 27-OCT-13
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo01.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 19:32 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 19:29 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 19:29 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:29 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:29 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:29 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:29 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:29 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 19:29 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 19:29 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 19:21 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:29 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 19:29 users01.dbf
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
解決辦法：
這時候我們有兩種辦法，一種是使用備份進行恢復，另一種是使用隱含參數。介紹第二種：
SQL> set verify off
SQL> @getsp.sql
Enter value for par: allow_resetlogs_
KSPPINM KSPPSTVL KSPPDESC
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
_allow_resetlogs_corruption FALSE allow resetlogs even if it will cause corruption
SQL>
該參數是在數據庫 不一致的情況下，重置日志文件。
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 460 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397348 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5397347 27-OCT-13 5397348 27-OCT-13
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL>
重建實例然后使用expdp和impdp，將數據導出在導入數據庫
SQL> create directory expdp as '/opt/app/oracle/oradata';
Directory created.
然后導出數據重建數據庫，在導入數據。
總結：對於當前正在使用的日志的損壞，一般通過備份來修復，如果不行只能采用第二種設置隱含參數_allow_resetlogs_corruption來恢復。