PHP 5.3 以上版本,使用pthreads PHP擴展,可以使PHP真正地支持多線程。多線程在處理重復性的循環任務,能夠大大縮短程序執行時間。
我之前的文章中說過,大多數網站的性能瓶頸不在PHP服務器上,因為它可以簡單地通過橫向增加服務器或CPU核數來輕松應對(對於各種雲主機,增加VPS或CPU核數就更方便了,直接以備份鏡像增加VPS,連操作系統、環境都不用安裝配置),而是在於MySQL數據庫。如果用 MySQL 數據庫,一條聯合查詢的SQL,也許就可以處理完業務邏輯,但是,遇到大量並發請求,就歇菜了。如果用 NoSQL 數據庫,也許需要十次查詢,才能處理完同樣地業務邏輯,但每次查詢都比 MySQL 要快,十次循環NoSQL查詢也許比一次MySQL聯合查詢更快,應對幾萬次/秒的查詢完全沒問題。如果加上PHP多線程,通過十個線程同時查詢NoSQL,返回結果匯總輸出,速度就要更快了。我們實際的APP產品中,調用一個通過用戶喜好實時推薦商品的PHP接口,PHP需要對BigSea NoSQL數據庫發起500~1000次查詢,來實時算出用戶的個性喜好商品數據,PHP多線程的作用非常明顯。
PHP擴展下載:https://github.com/krakjoe/pthreads
PHP手冊文檔:http://php.net/manual/zh/book.pthreads.php
1、擴展的編譯安裝(Linux),編輯參數 --enable-maintainer-zts 是必選項:
./configure --prefix=/Data/apps/php --with-config-file-path=/Data/apps/php/etc --with-mysql=/Data/apps/mysql --with-mysqli=/Data/apps/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir=/Data/apps/libs --with-jpeg-dir=/Data/apps/libs --with-png-dir=/Data/apps/libs --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt=/Data/apps/libs --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --enable-opcache --with-pdo-mysql --enable-maintainer-zts
make clean
make
make install
unzip pthreads-master.zip
cd pthreads-master
/Data/apps/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/Data/apps/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
添加:
2、給出一段PHP多線程、與For循環,抓取百度搜索頁面的PHP代碼示例:
1 <?php 2 class test_thread_run extends Thread 3 { 4 public $url; 5 public $data; 6 7 public function __construct($url) 8 { 9 $this->url = $url; 10 } 11 12 public function run() 13 { 14 if(($url = $this->url)) 15 { 16 $this->data = model_http_curl_get($url); 17 } 18 } 19 } 20 21 function model_thread_result_get($urls_array) 22 { 23 foreach ($urls_array as $key => $value) 24 { 25 $thread_array[$key] = new test_thread_run($value["url"]); 26 $thread_array[$key]->start(); 27 } 28 29 foreach ($thread_array as $thread_array_key => $thread_array_value) 30 { 31 while($thread_array[$thread_array_key]->isRunning()) 32 { 33 usleep(10); 34 } 35 if($thread_array[$thread_array_key]->join()) 36 { 37 $variable_data[$thread_array_key] = $thread_array[$thread_array_key]->data; 38 } 39 } 40 return $variable_data; 41 } 42 43 function model_http_curl_get($url,$userAgent="") 44 { 45 $userAgent = $userAgent ? $userAgent : 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.2)'; 46 $curl = curl_init(); 47 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url); 48 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 49 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 5); 50 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $userAgent); 51 $result = curl_exec($curl); 52 curl_close($curl); 53 return $result; 54 } 55 56 for ($i=0; $i < 100; $i++) 57 { 58 $urls_array[] = array("name" => "baidu", "url" => "http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=".mt_rand(10000,20000)); 59 } 60 61 $t = microtime(true); 62 $result = model_thread_result_get($urls_array); 63 $e = microtime(true); 64 echo "多線程:".($e-$t)."\n"; 65 66 $t = microtime(true); 67 foreach ($urls_array as $key => $value) 68 { 69 $result_new[$key] = model_http_curl_get($value["url"]); 70 } 71 $e = microtime(true); 72 echo "For循環:".($e-$t)."\n"; 73 ?>