阿里雲服務器CentOS7版本yum方式安裝mysql

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1、確保服務器系統處於最新狀態

[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y update

等待更新完成，會出現以下提示：

Replaced:
  grub2.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos      grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos     

Complete!

2、重啟服務器

[root@centos7 lib]# reboot

3、查看系統中是否已安裝 MySQL 服務，以下提供兩種方式：

rpm -qa | grep mysql
yum list installed | grep mysql

4、如果已安裝則刪除 MySQL 及其依賴的包：

yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64

5、下載MySql安裝包

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

或者

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

6、安裝MySQL

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y mysql-server

或者

[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-community-server

出現以下提示，安裝成功

Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.24-1.el7                                      mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.24-1.el7                                      mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.24-1.el7                                     

Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.24-1.el7                                                                                mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.24-1.el7                                                                               

Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

Complete!

 7、設置開機啟動MySQL

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld.service

8、檢查是否已經安裝了開機自動啟動

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep mysqld
mysqld.service                                enabled 
mysqld@.service                               disabled

上述情況內容說明已經完成自動啟動安裝

9、設置開啟服務

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service

10、查看MySQL默認密碼

[root@centos7 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-10-23T07:26:03.122784Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: SO#%2<oGFjos

這里的默認密碼 SO#%2<oGFjos 是MySQL安裝的時候隨機生成的，

11、登陸MySQL，輸入用戶名和默認密碼

[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

 登陸成功后，如下圖所示：

12、修改當前用戶密碼

mysql> set password = password('Root_123!');

如下圖所示，修改密碼成功！

13、開啟遠程登錄，授權root遠程登錄

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root_123!' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

14、命令立即執行生效

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 其他一些功能：

1、檢查並且顯示Apache相關安裝包

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch
mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64

2、刪除MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove -y mysql mysql mysql-server mysql-libs compat-mysql51

或者

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

或者

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64

3、查看MySQL相關文件

[root@centos7 ~]# find / -name mysql
/var/spool/mail/mysql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/etc/logrotate.d/mysql
/home/mysql
/home/ftp/sh-1.5.5/mysql
/home/ftp/sh-1.5.5/php-5.5.7/ext/mysql
/home/ftp/sh-1.5.5/php-5.5.7/travis/ext/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql

4、重啟MySQL服務

[root@centos7 ~]# service mysqld restart

5、查看MySQL版本

[root@centos7 ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community     enabled:     74
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community          enabled:     74
mysql-tools-community-source      MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64        MySQL Tools Preview            disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source        MySQL Tools Preview - Source   disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.5 Community Server     disabled
mysql55-community-source          MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.6 Community Server     disabled
mysql56-community-source          MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server     enabled:    307
mysql57-community-source          MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S disabled

6、查看當前的啟動的 MySQL 版本

[root@centos7 ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                  74
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       74
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                 307

7、通過Yum來安裝MySQL,會自動處理MySQL與其他組件的依賴關系

[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-community-server 

8、查看MySQL安裝目錄

[root@centos7 ~]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz

9、啟動MySQL服務

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start mysqld

10、查看MySQL服務狀態

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-10-23 17:12:39 CST; 6min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 19048 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 19030 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 19051 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─19051 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Oct 23 17:12:38 centos7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 23 17:12:39 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

11、關閉MySQL服務

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

12、測試MySQL是否安裝成功

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

13、查看MySQL默認密碼

[root@centos7 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-10-23T07:26:03.122784Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: SO#%2<oGFjos

14、查看所有數據庫

mysql>show databases;

15、退出登錄數據庫

mysql>exit;

16、查看所有數據庫用戶

mysql>SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') AS query FROM mysql.user;