java——數組棧 ArrayStack

棧的應用：

　　undo操作-編輯器

　　系統調用棧-操作系統

　　括號匹配-編譯器

 

以下是動態數組實現的數組棧：

定義動態數組：

package Date_pacage;

public class Array<E> {
    //叫它靜態數組
    //private int[] data;
    private E[] data;
    private int size;
    //構造函數
    public Array(int capacity) {
        data = (E[])new Object[capacity];
        size = 0;
    }
    //無參數的構造函數，默認數組的容量為10
    public Array() {
        this(10);
    }
    public int getSize() {
        return size;
    }
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return size == 0;
    }
    public int getCapacity() {
        return data.length;
    }
    // O(1)
    public void addLast(E e) {
        add(size, e);
    }
    // O(n)
    public void addFirst(E e) {
        add(0, e);
    }
    // O(n/2) = O(n)
    public void add(int index, E e) {
        if(size>=data.length)
            resize(2 *data.length);
        if(index<0 || index>size)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Add failed.index is error.");
        for(int i=size-1;i>=index;i--) {
            data[i+1] = data[i];
        }
        data[index] = e;
        size++;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
        res.append(String.format("Array: size = %d, capacity = %d\n", size, data.length));
        res.append("[");
        for(int i = 0 ; i<size ; i++) {
            res.append(data[i]);
            if(i != size - 1)
                res.append(", ");
        }
        res.append("]");
        return res.toString();
    }
    public E get(int index) {
        if(index < 0 || index >= size)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Get failed. Index is illegal");
        return data[index];
    }
    public E getFirst() {
        return get(size - 1);
    }
    public E getLast() {
        return get(0);
    }
    void set(int index, E e) {
        if(index < 0 || index >= size)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Get failed. Index is illegal");
        data[index] = e;
    }
    public boolean contains(E e) {
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            if(data[i].equals(e))
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    public int find(E e) {
        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            if(data[i].equals(e))
                return i;
        }
        return -1;
    }
    public E remove(int index) {
        if(index < 0 || index >= size)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Get failed. Index is illegal");
        E res = data[index];
        for(int i = index; i<size; i++) {
            data[i] = data[i+1];
        }
        size--;
        //釋放空間，也可以不寫 
        //loitering objects != memory leak
        data[size] = null;
        if(size == data.length / 4 && data.length / 2 != 0)
            resize(data.length / 2);
        return res;
    }
    public E removeFirst() {
        return remove(0);
    }
    public E removeLast() {
        return remove(size-1);
    }
    //只刪除了一個e，並不能保證刪除了全部e
    public void removeElement(E e) {
        int index = find(e);
        if(index != -1)
            remove(index);
    }
    private void resize(int newCapacity) {
        E[] newData = (E[]) new Object[newCapacity];
        for(int i=0; i < size; i++) {
            newData[i] = data[i];
        }
        data = newData;
    }
}

定義Stack接口：

package Date_pacage;

public interface Stack<E> {
    int getSize();
    boolean isEmpty();
    void push(E e);
    E pop();
    E peek();
}

定義ArrayStack：

package Date_pacage;

public class ArrayStack<E> implements Stack<E> {
    Array<E> array;
    public ArrayStack(int capacity) {
        array = new Array<>(capacity);
    }
    public ArrayStack() {
        array = new Array<>();
    }
    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        return array.getSize();
    }
    @Override
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return array.isEmpty();
    }
    public int getCapacity() {
        return array.getCapacity();
    }
    @Override
    public void push(E e) {
        array.addLast(e);
    }
    @Override
    public E pop() {
        return array.removeLast();
    }
    @Override
    public E peek() {
        return array.getLast();
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
        res.append("STACK:");
        res.append("[");
        for(int i = 0 ; i < array.getSize() ; i++) {
            res.append(array.get(i));
            if(i != array.getSize()-1)
                res.append(", ");
        }
        res.append("] top");
        return res.toString();
    }
}