Hadoop HA 高可用集群搭建

本文轉載自查看原文 2018-10-15 16:43 725 Hadoop/ 大數據Hadoop

一、首先配置集群信息

1 vi /etc/hosts

二、安裝zookeeper

1、解壓至/usr/hadoop/下

1 tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /usr/hadoop/

2、進入/usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf目錄，將zoo_sample.cfg 復制為 zoo.cfg

cp /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo_sample.cfg  /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo.cfg

3、編輯zoo.cfg

4、新建dataDir目錄

mkdir /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/dataDir/

5、向dataDir目錄寫入myid，mater為1，master2為2，slave1為3，對應着zoo.cfg的server.?

echo 1 > /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/dataDir/myid

6、將整個文件夾考入其他主機

1 scp -r /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/ master2:/usr/hadoop/
2 scp -r /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/ slave1:/usr/hadoop/

7、修改myid

1 echo 2> /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/dataDir/myid 
2 
3 echo 3> /usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10/dataDir/myid

三、安裝hadoop

1、修改hadoo-env.sh yarn-env.sh mapred-env.sh

上面是我的java 路徑，改為你自己的

2、修改core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

 <property><!--hdfs namenode集群訪問地址-->
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://ns1</value>
  </property>
    <property>
        <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
        <value>master:2181,master2:2181,slave1:2181</value>
    </property>
  <property><!--HA模式下 fsimage 存儲位置、tmp數據-->
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>file:/usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5/haData</value>
  </property>

</configuration>

View Code

3、修改hdfs-site.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
 3 <!--
 4   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 5   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 6   You may obtain a copy of the License at
 7 
 8     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 9 
10   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14   limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
15 -->
16 
17 <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
18 
19 
20 <configuration>
21 
22         <!--HA-->
23         <property><!--hdfs namenode集群別名，與core-site.xml中一致 -->
24                 <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
25                 <value>ns1</value>
26         </property>
27         <property><!-- namenodes下面有兩個NameNode，分別是nn1，nn2 -->
28                 <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1</name>
29                 <value>master,master2</value>
30         </property>
31         <property><!-- nn1的RPC通信地址 -->
32                 <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.master</name>
33                 <value>master:9000</value>
34         </property>
35         <property><!-- nn1的http通信地址 -->
36                 <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.master</name>
37                 <value>master:50070</value>
38         </property>
39         <property><!-- nn2的RPC通信地址 -->
40                 <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.master2</name>
41                 <value>master2:9000</value>
42         </property>
43         <property><!-- nn2的http通信地址 -->
44                 <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.master2</name>
45                 <value>master2:50070</value>
46         </property>
47         <property><!-- 配置JournalNode組的訪問地址,格式qjournal://host:port/journalId。 journalId需要與“nameserviceID”一致 -->
48                 <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
49                 <value>qjournal://master:8485;master2:8485;slave1:8485/ns1</value>
50         </property>
51         <property><!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盤存放數據的位置 -->
52                 <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
53                 <value>/usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5/haData/journalData</value>
54         </property>
55         <property><!-- 啟用ZKFC，NameNode自動切換功能 -->
56                 <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
57                 <value>true</value>
58         </property>
59         <property><!-- NameNode自動切換配置失敗后的解決方案 -->
60                 <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1</name>
61                 <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
62         </property>
63         <property><!-- Fecing隔離機制指定，多個方案間換行分割 -->
64                 <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
65                 <value>
66                         sshfence
67                         shell(/bin/true)
68                 </value>
69         </property>
70         <property><!-- sshfence隔離機制時需要ssh免登陸 -->
71                 <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
72                 <value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
73         </property>
74         <property><!-- 配置sshfence隔離機制超時時間 -->
75                 <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout</name>
76                 <value>30000</value>
77         </property>
78 
79         <property><!--指定 fsimage 元數據的存儲位置-->
80         <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
81         <value>file:/usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5/haData/dfs/name</value>
82         </property>
83 
84         <property>
85         <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
86         <value>file:/usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5/haData/dfs/data</value>
87         </property>
88 
89 
90 </configuration>

View Code

4、修改mapred-site.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
 3 <!--
 4   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 5   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 6   You may obtain a copy of the License at
 7 
 8     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 9 
10   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14   limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
15 -->
16 
17 <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
18 
19 <configuration>
20 
21 
22 <!-- 指定mr框架為yarn方式 -->
23     <property>
24         <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
25         <value>yarn</value>
26     </property>
27 
28 
29     <property>
30         <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
31         <value>master:10020</value>
32     </property>
33     <property>
34         <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
35         <value>master:19888</value>
36     </property>
37 
38 </configuration>

View Code

5、修改yarn-site.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <!--
 3   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 4   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 5   You may obtain a copy of the License at
 6 
 7     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 8 
 9   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
11   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
12   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
13   limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
14 -->
15 <configuration>
16 
17 <property><!-- 啟用YARN HA -->
18                 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
19                 <value>true</value>
20         </property>
21         <property><!-- 指定YARN cluster id -->
22                 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
23                 <value>yrmc1</value>
24         </property>
25         <property><!-- 指定ResourceManager的名字 -->
26                 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
27                 <value>rm1,rm2</value>
28         </property>
29         <property><!-- 分別指定ResourceManager的地址 -->
30                 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
31                 <value>master</value>
32         </property>
33         <property>
34                 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
35                 <value>master2</value>
36         </property>
37         <property>
38                 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
39                 <value>master:2181,master2:2181,slave1:2181</value>
40         </property>
41         <property>
42                 <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
43                 <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
44         </property>
45         <property>
46                 <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class</name>
47                 <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
48         </property>
49 
50    <property>
51        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
52        <value>true</value>
53     </property>
54 
55     <!--指定resourcemanager的狀態信息存儲在zookeeper集群，默認是存放在FileSystem里面。-->
56     <property>
57        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>
58        <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value>
59     </property>
60 
61 </configuration>

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6、修改slaves

7、免密配置authorized_keys

（1）最好的免密配置就是在克隆之前免密自己，把自己的公鑰放進authorized_keys里，這樣以后克隆多台都不需要配置免密

（2）其次

　　　　ssh-keygen
　　　　　　一路回車
　　　　ssh-copy-id master2
　　　　ssh-copy-id slave1

8、拷貝hadoop到其他機器

scp -r /usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5/ master2:/usr/hadoop/
scp -r /usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5/ slave1:/usr/hadoop/

四、啟動集群（第一次順序必須嚴格執行）

1、為了方便起見將環境變量配置如下：

 1 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
 2 export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131/jre
 3 export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
 4 
 5 export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.5
 6 export HADOOP_PREFIX=$HADOOP_HOME
 7 export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
 8 export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
 9 export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
10 export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
11 export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
12 export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.10
13 export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin
14 export HADOOP_INSTALL=$HADOOP_HOME