1、Parallel並發執行
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
namespace ConsoleApplication57
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ParallelDemo BingFa = new ParallelDemo();
BingFa.ParallelInvokemethod();
Console.ReadKey();
BingFa.ParallelForMethod();
Console.ReadKey();
BingFa.ParallelForMethod2();
BingFa.ParallelBreak();
}
}
public class ParallelDemo {
private Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch();
public void Run1() {
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("Task 1 is cost 2 sec");
}
public void Run2() {
Thread.Sleep(3000);
Console.WriteLine("Task 2 is cost 3 sec");
}
public void ParallelInvokemethod() {
stopWatch.Start();
Parallel.Invoke(Run1, Run2);
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Parallel run" + stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");
stopWatch.Restart();
Run1();
Run2();
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Normall run"+stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds+"ms");
}
public void ParallelForMethod() {
stopWatch.Start();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 60000; j++) {
int sum = 0;
sum += i;
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Normalfor run" + stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");
stopWatch.Reset();
stopWatch.Start();
Parallel.For(0, 10000, item =>
{
for (int j = 0; j < 60000; j++)
{
int sum = 0;
sum += item;
}
});
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("ParallelFor run" + stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");
}
public void ParallelForMethod2() {
var obj = new Object();
long num = 0;
ConcurrentBag<long> bag = new ConcurrentBag<long>();
stopWatch.Start();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 60000; j++)
{
num++;
}
}
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("NormalFor run"+stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds+"ms");
stopWatch.Reset();
stopWatch.Start();
Parallel.For(0,10000,item=>{
for(int j=0;j<60000;j++){
lock(obj){
num++;
}}});
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("ParallelFor run"+stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds+"ms");
Console.ReadKey();
}
public void ParallelBreak()
{
ConcurrentBag<int> bag = new ConcurrentBag<int>();
stopWatch.Start();
Parallel.For(0, 1000, (i, state) =>
{
if (bag.Count == 300)
{
state.Stop();
return;
}
bag.Add(i);
});
stopWatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Bag count is {}{}", bag.Count, stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds+"ms");
}
//</long></long>
}
//public void ParallelForMethod{
//}
}
2 、使用Parallel來做循環
Parallel.For(0,100,i=>{
Console.writeLine(i+"\t");
}); #######從零到99，運行或輸出的順序不對，但是使用for循環的，並行執行的時候會初夏輸出順序不同的問題。
Parallel.Foreach和foreach很類似，
List<int> list=new List<int>();
list.Add(0);
Parallel.ForEach(list,item=>{
DoWork(item);
});
3、異常處理
由於執行的任務是並發的執行的，產生的異常回是多個，簡單的Exception不能獲取異常，使用AggregateException課可以捕獲到一組異常
Task pt = new Task(() =>
{
Task.Factory
.StartNew(() =>
{
throw new Exception("ex 1");
}, TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent);
Task.Factory
.StartNew(() =>
{
Task.Factory
.StartNew(() =>
{
throw new Exception("ex 2-1");
}, TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent);
throw new Exception("ex 2");
}, TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent);
throw new Exception("ex 3");
});
pt.Start()開始任務，異常不會拋出，但必須被處理，以下是若干種方法。
//方法1：
pt.ContinueWith(t =>
{
t.Exception.Handle(ex =>
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
return true;
});
}, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);
//方法2：
pt.ContinueWith(t =>
{
t.Exception.Handle(ex =>
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.GetBaseException().Message);
return true;
});
}, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);
//方法3：
pt.ContinueWith(t =>
{
foreach (var ex in t.Exception.Flatten().InnerExceptions)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);
//方法4：
pt.ContinueWith(t =>
{
foreach (var ex in t.Exception.InnerExceptions)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);
5、線程並行安全，如下執行的時候輸出錯誤，這是因為List是非線程安全集合，所有的線程都可以修改他的值，造成線程的安全問題。
---------- namespace ConsoleApplication58
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
PEnumberable Test = new PEnumberable();
Test.ListWithpallel();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
public class PEnumberable {
public void ListWithpallel() {
List<int> list = new List<int>();
Parallel.For(0, 1000, item =>
{
list.Add(item);
});
Console.WriteLine("list count is{0}",list.Count());
} }}
################
使用system.Collection.Concurrent， 實例ConcurrentBag泛型集合
public void ConcurrentBagwithPallel() {
ConcurrentBag<int> list = new ConcurrentBag<int>();
Parallel.For(0, 10000, item =>
{
list.Add(item);
});
Console.WriteLine("ConcurrentBag's count is{0}", list.Count());
}
現在我們看看 ConcurrentBag中的數據是怎么排列的
public void ConcurrentBagwithPallel() {
ConcurrentBag<int> list = new ConcurrentBag<int>();
Parallel.For(0, 10000, item =>
{
list.Add(item);
});
Console.WriteLine("ConcurrentBag's count is{0}", list.Count());
int n = 0;
foreach (int i in list) {
if (n > 10)
break;
n++; Console.WriteLine("Item{0}={1}", n, i);
}
Console.WriteLine("ConcurrentBag's max item is{0]", list.Max());
}
從上面的執行可窺看出ConcurentBag中的數據排序是亂序的，但是屬性Max ,Frist ，Last等都可以使用，關於線程安全的問題還用 Dictionary 的ConcurrentDictionary還用 ConcurrentStack,ConcurrentQueue等
6、Parallel Linq 的用法