鏈接：http://www.2cto.com/os/201410/341079.html
7z指令
7z是7zip壓縮工具的常用壓縮文件格式。7zip是一個開源的壓縮工具，軟件本身十分小巧，功能強大，是目前公認的壓縮比最大的壓縮解壓縮軟件，近年來開始漸漸流行。
7zip支持眾多的壓縮格式，支持7z, XZ,BZIP2, GZIP, TAR, ZIP格式的壓縮/解壓縮。支持CAB, ISO, RAR, RPM, XAR, Z等眾多格式的解壓縮。
程序退出代碼0表示正常，沒有錯誤。
命令格式
$ 7z –help
Usage: 7z […] […]
[<@listfiles…>]
常用的command如下：
a 添加文件到壓縮文件
d 從壓縮文件中刪除文件
e 從壓縮文件中解壓縮文件，不包含目錄結構
l 列出壓縮包中的內容
t 測試壓縮文件
u更新文件到壓縮文件
x從壓縮文件中解壓縮，包含目錄結構
使用示例
$ rm * -rf
$ mkdir -p study/d1/d11 study/d2
$ touch study/d1/d11/f1.c study/d2/f2.php
$ 7z a study.7z study/ ~ 將study整個目錄添加到壓縮包study.7z中
Scanning
Creating archive study.7z
Everything is Ok
$ 7z t study.7z ~ 測試壓縮包
Processing archive: study.7z
Testing study/d1/d11/f1.c
Testing study/d2/f2.php
Testing study/d2
Testing study/d1/d11
Testing study/d1
Testing study
Everything is Ok
$ rm -rf study
$ 7z x study.7z ~ 解壓縮包到當前目錄
Processing archive: study.7z
Extracting study/d1/d11/f1.c
Extracting study/d2/f2.php
Extracting study/d2
Extracting study/d1/d11
Extracting study/d1
Extracting study
Everything is Ok
$ 7z d study.7z study/d2/f2.php ~ 刪除壓縮包中的指定文件
Updating archive study.7z
Everything is Ok
$ 7z t study.7z ~ 測試壓縮包
Processing archive: study.7z
Testing study/d1/d11/f1.c
Testing study/d2
Testing study/d1/d11
Testing study/d1
Testing study
Everything is Ok
$ 7z l study.7z ~ 查看壓縮包中的目錄結構
Listing archive: study.7z
–
Path = study.7z
Type = 7z
Solid = -
Blocks = 0
Physical Size = 152
Headers Size = 152
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2
study/d1/d11
study/d1
study
$ 7z u study.7z study/d1/d11/f1.c ~ 更新壓縮包中的指定文件
Scanning
Updating archive study.7z
Compressing study/d1/d11/f1.c
Everything is Ok
$ 7z l study.7z ~ 查看壓縮包中的目錄結構
Listing archive: study.7z
–
Path = study.7z
Type = 7z
Method = LZMA
Solid = -
Blocks = 1
Physical Size = 260
Headers Size = 186
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2
study/d1/d11
study/d1
study
7zip的壓縮格式控制
在上述示例中，演示了7z壓縮/解壓縮指令的使用。在使用7z進行壓縮/解壓縮時，壓縮格式是根據命令中提供的壓縮包的文件后綴名來識別的。例如，7z a study.zip study/ 將目錄樹study按照zip格式進行壓縮，7z a study.7z study/將目錄樹study按照7z格式進行壓縮。反之，解壓縮時，壓縮格式也是根據壓縮包文件名后綴自動識別的。
對於7zip和tar的各種壓縮格式（tar.gz tar.bz2 tar.xz）之間的兼容，可以參考如下實現。
$ 7z a study4.tar study ~ step1 先按tar格式進行打包
按照實驗結果推斷，本條指令與tar cf study4.tar study 具有相同效果
Scanning
Creating archive study4.tar
Compressing study
Compressing study/d1
Compressing study/d1/d11
Compressing study/d1/d11/f1.c
Compressing study/d2
Compressing study/d2/f2.php
Everything is Ok
$ 7z a study4.tar.gz study4.tar ~ 將已打包的文件進行按gzip格式壓縮
Scanning
Creating archive study4.tar.gz
Compressing study4.tar
Everything is Ok
$tar tf study4.tar ~ 使用tar指令測試文件包，無錯誤
study/
study/d1/
study/d1/d11/
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2/
study/d2/f2.php
$tar tf study4.tar.gz ~ 使用tar指令測試壓縮包，無錯誤
study/
study/d1/
study/d1/d11/
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2/
study/d2/f2.php
$ rm study -rf
$tar xzvf study4.tar.gz ~ 使用tar解壓縮由7z生成的.tar.gz壓縮包，成功。
study/
study/d1/
study/d1/d11/
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2/
study/d2/f2.php
$ rm .
$ ls
study
$tar czf study4.tar.gz study ~ 使用tar指令生成.tar.gz格式壓縮包
$ 7z x study4.tar.gz ~ 使用7z解壓縮tar生成的壓縮包，成功
Processing archive: study4.tar.gz
Extracting study4.tar
Everything is Ok
$ 7z x study4.tar ~ 使用7z進一步解壓，成功
Processing archive: study4.tar
Extracting study
Extracting study/d1
Extracting study/d1/d11
Extracting study/d1/d11/f1.c
Extracting study/d2
Extracting study/d2/f2.php
Everything is Ok
$
$tar cvf study5.tar study ~ 使用tar創建無壓縮的文件包
study/
study/d1/
study/d1/d11/
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2/
study/d2/f2.php
$ 7z a study5.tar.bz2 study5.tar ~ 使用7zip將文件包壓縮
Scanning
Creating archive study5.tar.bz2
Compressing study5.tar
Everything is Ok
$tar tf study5.tar.bz2 ~ 使用tar測試壓縮包
study/
study/d1/
study/d1/d11/
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2/
study/d2/f2.php
$ 7z x study5.tar.bz2 ~ 使用7zip解壓縮壓縮包
Processing archive: study5.tar.bz2
file study5.tar
Extracting study5.tar
Everything is Ok
$ rm -rf study
$ 7zx study5.tar ~ 使用7zip還原tar指令生成的文件包
Processing archive: study5.tar
Extracting study
Extracting study/d1
Extracting study/d1/d11
Extracting study/d1/d11/f1.c
Extracting study/d2
Extracting study/d2/f2.php
Everything is Ok
$ rm study -rf
$tar xjvf study5.tar.bz2 ~ 使用tar解壓縮tar+7zip生成的.tar.bz2壓縮包
study/
study/d1/
study/d1/d11/
study/d1/d11/f1.c
study/d2/
study/d2/f2.php
$
--------------------- 本文來自 Setoge 的CSDN 博客 ，全文地址請點擊：https://blog.csdn.net/Setoge/article/details/79760065?utm_source=copy