Spring Boot實踐——多線程

多線程

　　Spring通過任務執行器（TaskExecutor）來實現多線程和並發編程。使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor可實現一個基於線程池的TaskExecutor。而實際開發中任務一般是非阻礙的，即異步的，所以我們要在配置類中通過@EnableAsync開啟對異步任務的支持，並通過在實際執行的Bean的方法中使用@Async注解聲明其是一個異步任務。

　　此外，還提供一種Java的實現方式，多種方式去嘗試如何去實現多線程。

實現

一、基於Spring

1、配置類

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

/**
 * @Description: 配置類實現AsyncConfigurer接口，並重寫getAsyncExecutor方法，並返回一個ThreadPoolTaskExecutor，
 * 這樣我們就獲得一個基於線程池TaskExecutor
 * @ClassName: CustomMultiThreadingConfig
 * @Author: OnlyMate
 * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午2:50:14
 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.only.mate.springboot.multithreading")
@EnableAsync//利用@EnableAsync注解開啟異步任務支持
public class CustomMultiThreadingConfig implements AsyncConfigurer{

    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(25);
        taskExecutor.initialize();
        return taskExecutor;
    }

    @Override
    public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
        return AsyncConfigurer.super.getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler();
    }
    
}

2、創建線程任務

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @Description: 創建線程任務服務
 * @ClassName: CustomMultiThreadingService
 * @Author: OnlyMate
 * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午3:17:57
 */
@Service
public class CustomMultiThreadingService {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomMultiThreadingService.class);
    /**
     * @Description:通過@Async注解表明該方法是一個異步方法，
     * 如果注解在類級別上，則表明該類所有的方法都是異步方法，而這里的方法自動被注入使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor作為TaskExecutor
     * @Title: executeAysncTask1
     * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午2:54:32
     * @Author: OnlyMate
     * @Throws
     * @param i
     */
    @Async
    public void executeAysncTask1(Integer i){
        logger.info("CustomMultiThreadingService ==> executeAysncTask1 method: 執行異步任務{} ", i);
    }
    
    /**
     * @Description:通過@Async注解表明該方法是一個異步方法，
     * 如果注解在類級別上，則表明該類所有的方法都是異步方法，而這里的方法自動被注入使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor作為TaskExecutor
     * @Title: executeAsyncTask2
     * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午2:55:04
     * @Author: OnlyMate
     * @Throws
     * @param i
     */
    @Async
    public void executeAsyncTask2(Integer i){
        logger.info("CustomMultiThreadingService ==> executeAsyncTask2 method: 執行異步任務{} ", i);
    }
}

3、觸發線程任務

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.only.mate.springboot.multithreading.CustomMultiThreadingService;

/**
 * @Description:自定義多線程Controller
 * @ClassName: CustomMultiThreadingController
 * @Author: OnlyMate
 * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午3:02:49
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/multithreading")
public class CustomMultiThreadingController {
    @Autowired
    private CustomMultiThreadingService customMultiThreadingService;
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value="/dotask")
    public String doTask() {
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAysncTask1(i);
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAsyncTask2(i);
        }
        
        return "success";
    }
}

4、效果圖

訪問http://localhost:8088/springboot/multithreading/dotask

 二、基於Java

1、異步線程調度管理器

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @Description: 異步線程調度管理器
 * @ClassName: CustomAsyncScheduler
 * @Author: OnlyMate
 * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午3:25:40
 */
public class CustomAsyncScheduler {
    private volatile static CustomAsyncScheduler instance;
    private static ThreadPoolExecutor chnlBackendQueryPool;

    private CustomAsyncScheduler() {
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "static-access", "unchecked" })
    public static CustomAsyncScheduler getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (CustomAsyncScheduler.class) {
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new CustomAsyncScheduler();

                    BlockingQueue queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue();
                    chnlBackendQueryPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(50, 100, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS, queue);
                    chnlBackendQueryPool.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
                    instance.setChnlBackendQueryPool(chnlBackendQueryPool);
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public ThreadPoolExecutor getChnlBackendQueryPool() {
        return chnlBackendQueryPool;
    }

    public static void setChnlBackendQueryPool(ThreadPoolExecutor chnlBackendQueryPool) {
        CustomAsyncScheduler.chnlBackendQueryPool = chnlBackendQueryPool;
    }

    public static void setInstance(CustomAsyncScheduler instance) {
        CustomAsyncScheduler.instance = instance;
    }

}

2、創建線程任務

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @Description: 創建線程任務服務
 * @ClassName: CustomMultiThreadingService
 * @Author: OnlyMate
 * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午3:17:57
 */
@Service
public class CustomMultiThreadingService {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomMultiThreadingService.class);
    /**
     * @Description:通過@Async注解表明該方法是一個異步方法，
     * 如果注解在類級別上，則表明該類所有的方法都是異步方法，而這里的方法自動被注入使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor作為TaskExecutor
     * @Title: executeAysncTask1
     * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午2:54:32
     * @Author: OnlyMate
     * @Throws
     * @param i
     */
    @Async
    public void executeAysncTask1(Integer i){
        logger.info("CustomMultiThreadingService ==> executeAysncTask1 method: 執行異步任務{} ", i);
    }
    
    /**
     * @Description:通過@Async注解表明該方法是一個異步方法，
     * 如果注解在類級別上，則表明該類所有的方法都是異步方法，而這里的方法自動被注入使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor作為TaskExecutor
     * @Title: executeAsyncTask2
     * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午2:55:04
     * @Author: OnlyMate
     * @Throws
     * @param i
     */
    @Async
    public void executeAsyncTask2(Integer i){
        logger.info("CustomMultiThreadingService ==> executeAsyncTask2 method: 執行異步任務{} ", i);
    }
    
    /**
     * @Description: 異步線程調度管理器創建線程任務
     * @Title: executeAsyncTask3
     * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午3:32:28
     * @Author: OnlyMate
     * @Throws
     * @param i
     */
    public void executeAsyncTask3(Integer i){
        CustomAsyncScheduler.getInstance().getChnlBackendQueryPool().execute(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                logger.info("CustomMultiThreadingService ==> executeAsyncTask3 method: 執行異步任務{} ", i);                
            }
        });
        
    }
}

3、觸發線程任務

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.only.mate.springboot.multithreading.CustomMultiThreadingService;

/**
 * @Description:自定義多線程Controller
 * @ClassName: CustomMultiThreadingController
 * @Author: OnlyMate
 * @Date: 2018年9月21日 下午3:02:49
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/multithreading")
public class CustomMultiThreadingController {
    @Autowired
    private CustomMultiThreadingService customMultiThreadingService;
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value="/dotask")
    public String doTask() {
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAysncTask1(i);
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAsyncTask2(i);
        }
        
        return "success";
    }
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value="/dojob")
    public String doJob() {
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAysncTask1(i);
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAsyncTask2(i);
            customMultiThreadingService.executeAsyncTask3(i);
        }
        return "success";
    }
}

4、效果圖

訪問http://localhost:8088/springboot/multithreading/dojob