在PowerShell中使用curl(Invoke-WebRequest)
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目錄
前言
Invoke-WebRequest簡單用法
1.用途
2.語法Syntax
3.簡單的幾個用法
前言
習慣了windows的界面模式就很難轉去命令行，甚至以命令行發家的git也涌現出各種界面tool。然而命令行真的會比界面快的多，如果你是一個碼農。
situation：接到需求分析bug，需要訪問http。那台機器屬於product，不允許裝postman。我只能手動命令行來發請求。發現了內置的PowerShell中有curl命令。歡喜試了半天，總是命令不對，google發現這個curl是冒名頂替的，只是一個Invoke-WebRequest的alias。參考。
PS> Get-Alias -Definition Invoke-WebRequest | Format-Table -AutoSize CommandType Name Version Source ----------- ---- ------- ------ Alias curl -> Invoke-WebRequest Alias iwr -> Invoke-WebRequest Alias wget -> Invoke-WebRequestInvoke-WebRequest簡單用法
1.用途
Gets content from a web page on the Internet.
獲取http web請求訪問內容
2.語法Syntax
Parameter Set: Default
Invoke-WebRequest [-Uri] <Uri> [-Body <Object> ] [-Certificate <X509Certificate> ] [-CertificateThumbprint <String> ] [-ContentType <String> ] [-Credential <PSCredential> ] [-DisableKeepAlive] [-Headers <IDictionary> ] [-InFile <String> ] [-MaximumRedirection <Int32> ] [-Method <WebRequestMethod> {Default | Get | Head | Post | Put | Delete | Trace | Options | Merge | Patch} ] [-OutFile <String> ] [-PassThru] [-Proxy <Uri> ] [-ProxyCredential <PSCredential> ] [-ProxyUseDefaultCredentials] [-SessionVariable <String> ] [-TimeoutSec <Int32> ] [-TransferEncoding <String> {chunked | compress | deflate | gzip | identity} ] [-UseBasicParsing] [-UseDefaultCredentials] [-UserAgent <String> ] [-WebSession <WebRequestSession> ] [ <CommonParameters>] 3.簡單的幾個用法
3.1 Get請求
PS C:\Users\rmiao> curl -URi https://www.google.com
StatusCode : 200 StatusDescription : OK Content : <!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="en"><head><meta content="Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Google has many speci..." RawContent : HTTP/1.1 200 OK X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN Alt-Svc: quic=":443"; ma=2592000; v="36,35,34,33,32" Vary: Accept-Encoding Transfer-Encoding: chunked會發現content內容被截斷了。想要獲取完整的content：
ps> curl https://www.google.com | Select -ExpandProperty Content3.2添加header
-Headers @{"accept"="application/json"}3.3指定Method
-Method Get3.4將獲取到的content輸出到文件
-OutFile 'c:\Users\rmiao\temp\content.txt'3.5表單提交
For example:
$R = Invoke-WebRequest http://website.com/login.aspx $R.Forms[0].Name = "MyName" $R.Forms[0].Password = "MyPassword" Invoke-RestMethod http://website.com/service.aspx -Body $Ror
Invoke-RestMethod http://website.com/service.aspx -Body $R.Forms[0]3.6內容篩選
PS C:\Users\rmiao> $R = Invoke-WebRequest -URI http://www.bing.com?q=how+many+feet+in+a+mile PS C:\Users\rmiao> $R.AllElements | where {$_.innerhtml -like "*=*"} | Sort { $_.InnerHtml.Length } | Select InnerText - First 5 innerText --------- = 1 Next = 3.7一個登陸示例
#發送一個登陸請求，聲明一個sessionVariable 參數為fb, 將結果保存在$R #這個變量FB就是header.cookie等集合 PS C:\Users\rmiao> $R=curl http://www.facebook.com/login.php -SessionVariable fb PS C:\Users\rmiao> $FB Headers : {} Cookies : System.Net.CookieContainer UseDefaultCredentials : False Credentials : Certificates : UserAgent : Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT; Windows NT 6.3; en-US) WindowsPowerShell/4.0 Proxy : MaximumRedirection : -1 #將response響應結果中的第一個form屬性賦值給變量Form PS C:\Users\rmiao> $Form=$R.Forms[0] PS C:\Users\rmiao> $Form.fields Key Value --- ----- lsd AVqQqrLW display enable_profile_selector isprivate legacy_return 0 profile_selector_ids return_session skip_api_login signed_next trynum 1 u_0_0 u_0_1 lgnrnd 214945_qGeg lgnjs n email pass persistent default_persistent 1 # 查看form PS C:\Users\rmiao> $Form | Format-List Id : login_form Method : post Action : /login.php?login_attempt=1&lwv=100 Fields : {[lsd, AVqQqrLW], [display, ], [enable_profile_selector, ], [isprivate, ]...} #查看屬性 $Form.fields #設置賬號密碼 $Form.Fields["email"] = "User01@Fabrikam.com" $Form.Fields["pass"] = "P@ssw0rd" #發送請求並保存結果為$R $R=Invoke-WebRequest -Uri ("https://www.facebook.com" + $Form.Action) -WebSession $FB -Method POST -Body $Form.Fields #查看結果 PS C:\Users\rmiao> $R.StatusDescription OK雖然沒有curl那么主流，但一樣可以成為http訪問的一個選擇。
參考
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh849901.aspx