Python對JSON數據的解析

1.python與json數據結構的對應情況

2.dumps：卸載，將json對象卸載為str

*sort_keys：排序

*indent：格式化

*ensure_ascii參數，想要輸出中文時，要設置ensure_ascii=False

*skipkeys參數，在encoding過程中，dict對象的key只可以是string對象，如果是其他類型，那么在編碼過程中就會拋出ValueError的異常。skipkeys可以跳過那些非string對象當作key的處理

def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
        allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,
        default=None, sort_keys=False, **kw):
    """Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``.

    # cached encoder
    if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and
        check_circular and allow_nan and
        cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
        default is None and not sort_keys and not kw):
        return _default_encoder.encode(obj)
    if cls is None:
        cls = JSONEncoder
    return cls(
        skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
        check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
        separators=separators, default=default, sort_keys=sort_keys,
        **kw).encode(obj)

     loads：裝載，將str對象裝載為json

def loads(s, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
        parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, **kw):
    """Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str`` instance containing a JSON
    document) to a Python object.

    if not isinstance(s, str):
        raise TypeError('the JSON object must be str, not {!r}'.format(
                            s.__class__.__name__))
    if s.startswith(u'\ufeff'):
        raise ValueError("Unexpected UTF-8 BOM (decode using utf-8-sig)")
    if (cls is None and object_hook is None and
            parse_int is None and parse_float is None and
            parse_constant is None and object_pairs_hook is None and not kw):
        return _default_decoder.decode(s)
    if cls is None:
        cls = JSONDecoder
    if object_hook is not None:
        kw['object_hook'] = object_hook
    if object_pairs_hook is not None:
        kw['object_pairs_hook'] = object_pairs_hook
    if parse_float is not None:
        kw['parse_float'] = parse_float
    if parse_int is not None:
        kw['parse_int'] = parse_int
    if parse_constant is not None:
        kw['parse_constant'] = parse_constant
    return cls(**kw).decode(s)

demo:

import json
data = [
    {
        "school":"middle",
        "name":"smith",
        "age":22
    },
    "icecream",22,None,True, False,2.12,[4,31,"call"]
]
res = json.dumps(data)
dict_data = json.loads(res)

3.dump,load，文件操作

# 寫入 JSON 數據
with open('data.json', 'w') as f:
    json.dump(data, f)
 
# 讀取數據
with open('data.json', 'r') as f:
    data = json.load(f)