MySQL8.0 MIC高可用集群搭建

 

mysql8.0帶來的新特性，結合MySQLshell，不需要第三方中間件，自動構建高可用集群。

mysql8.0作為一款新產品，其內置的mysq-innodb-cluster（MIC）高可用集群的技術確實驚艷，結合MySQLshell能夠實施集群的快速部署，MySQL-route能夠實現災備快速切換，內置讀寫分離技術，負載均衡技術。結合但實際效果如何，還需驗證。

一，集群部署

1.1 安裝環境；

操作系統：Linux，版本：CentOS-7-x86

介質准備：無

環境清理

釋放yum進程

[root@bug ~]# ps -ef|grep yum
root     22481  1694  5 17:23 ?        00:00:03 /usr/bin/python /usr/share/PackageKit/helpers/yum/yumBackend.py get-updates none
root     22591 22507  1 17:24 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto yum
[root@bug ~]# kill -9 22481

查看是否有多余系統，有則卸載

[root@bug ~]# rpm -qa|grep mairadb
[root@bug ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql

關閉防火牆

[root@bug ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) 

 

關閉selinux，重啟系統后生效

[root@bug selinux]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
[root@bug selinux]# reboot

 

1.2 安裝MySQL8.0

[root@bug ~]# yum install -y wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@bug ~]# yum list|grep mysql
[root@bug ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-client.x86_64 mysql-router.x86_64 mysql-shell.x86_64 

　采用YUM源安裝方式，總下載量約400M，

 

1.3自動集群部署

部署節點1

[root@bug ~]# mysqlsh

 MySQL  JS >  dba.deploySandboxInstance(3310); 
A new MySQL sandbox instance will be created on this host in 
/root/mysql-sandboxes/3310

Warning: Sandbox instances are only suitable for deploying and 
running on your local machine for testing purposes and are not 
accessible from external networks.

Please enter a MySQL root password for the new instance: ******
Deploying new MySQL instance...

Instance localhost:3310 successfully deployed and started.
Use shell.connect('root@localhost:3310'); to connect to the instance.

　　第一個節點部署完畢，端口設置為3310，登陸賬號為root@localhost，密碼 ******

 

使用本地認證的方式， 登陸數據庫實例，進行驗證。

[root@bug ~]# mysql -uroot -porange -S /root/mysql-sandboxes/3310/sandboxdata/mysqld.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

　　

同樣的方法，部署節點2，節點3。

MySQL  JS >  dba.deploySandboxInstance(3320); 

MySQL  JS > dba.deploySandboxInstance(3330);

 

1.4創建集群

此實驗采用簡單的創建本地集群。

 MySQL  JS >  \connect root@localhost:3310 
Creating a session to 'root@localhost:3310'

*****************************************************

 MySQL  localhost:3310 ssl  JS >  var cluster=dba.createCluster('test')
A new InnoDB cluster will be created on instance 'root@localhost:3310'.

*********************************************************

Cluster successfully created. Use Cluster.addInstance() to add MySQL instances.
At least 3 instances are needed for the cluster to be able to withstand up to
one server failure.

　集群系統已經創建成功，最后一行：At least 3 instances are needed for the cluster to be able to withstand up to one server failure.提示需要至少三個實例，才能保證災備，所以接下來，將節點2，3添加進集群。

 

MySQL  localhost:3310 ssl  JS > cluster.addInstance( 'root@localhost:3320')

The instance 'root@localhost:3320' was successfully added to the cluster.


 MySQL  localhost:3310 ssl  JS > cluster.addInstance( 'root@localhost:3330') 

The instance 'root@localhost:3330' was successfully added to the cluster.

查看集群狀態

MySQL  localhost:3310 ssl  JS > dba.getCluster().status()
{
    "clusterName": "test", 
    "defaultReplicaSet": {
        "name": "default", 
        "primary": "localhost:3310", 
        "ssl": "REQUIRED", 
        "status": "OK", 
        "statusText": "Cluster is ONLINE and can tolerate up to ONE failure.", 
        "topology": {
            "localhost:3310": {
                "address": "localhost:3310", 
                "mode": "R/W", 
                "readReplicas": {}, 
                "role": "HA", 
                "status": "ONLINE"
            }, 
            "localhost:3320": {
                "address": "localhost:3320", 
                "mode": "R/O", 
                "readReplicas": {}, 
                "role": "HA", 
                "status": "ONLINE"
            }, 
            "localhost:3330": {
                "address": "localhost:3330", 
                "mode": "R/O", 
                "readReplicas": {}, 
                "role": "HA", 
                "status": "ONLINE"
            }
        }
    }, 
    "groupInformationSourceMember": "mysql://root@localhost:3310"
}

　　

一個簡單的包含三個節點的集群已經創建完成。可以完成數據同步，讀寫分離等功能，比如此刻3310端口的狀態是"R/W"，同時read與write，3320與3330的狀態是"R/O"，只讀模式。

 

1.5配置中間件

此時的集群的高可用性還不完整，需要MySQL-router來完成集群與外部的對接，實現自動切換，故障轉移等功能。

MySQL-router的作用類似keepalived 類的中間件。當主機發生故障后，自動將應用切換到其他實例。

[root@bug ~]#  mysqlrouter --bootstrap root@localhost:3310 --user=mysqlrouter
Please enter MySQL password for root: *****

Bootstrapping system MySQL Router instance...
Checking for old Router accounts
Creating account mysql_router2_j05xzi45m81x@'%'
MySQL Router  has now been configured for the InnoDB cluster 'test'.

The following connection information can be used to connect to the cluster.

Classic MySQL protocol connections to cluster 'test':
- Read/Write Connections: localhost:6446
- Read/Only Connections: localhost:6447
X protocol connections to cluster 'test':
- Read/Write Connections: localhost:64460
- Read/Only Connections: localhost:64470

Existing configurations backed up to '/etc/mysqlrouter/mysqlrouter.conf.bak'
[root@bug ~]# mysqlrouter&
[1] 25602
[root@bug ~]#  ps -ef|grep router
mysqlro+ 25602 22507  8 19:35 pts/0    00:00:01 mysqlrouter
root     25619 22507  0 19:36 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto router

　　

驗證MySQL-router安裝效果

在MySQL-router默認配置下，

主機端口：6446

從庫端口：6447

[root@bug ~]#  mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -P 6446 -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
********************************************************8
mysql> 

　證明MySQL-router配置完成可用。

 

 1.6驗證集群效果

1,通過router同時登陸三個節點，查看端口號。

2,在節點1構造數據，在節點2，3差看狀態，驗證數據同步性。

3,節點1（主機）離線，查看集群狀態與節點2，節點3狀態，驗證災備能力。