oracle數據庫關閉異常，報錯如下：
oracle@ app]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Aug 23 07:25:03 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected.
SQL> startup
ORA-01012: not logged on
SQL> shutdown
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-24323: value not allowed
ORA-01090: shutdown in progress - connection is not permitted
解決辦法：
1.使用exit退出sqlplus。
2.使用sqlplus / as sysdba登錄sqlplus，具體操作如下：
SQL> exit
Disconnected
[oracle@ app]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Aug 23 07:29:55 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected.
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORA-00119: invalid specification for system parameter LOCAL_LISTENER
ORA-00130: invalid listener address '(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=.)(PORT=1521))'
以上報錯是另一個原因，是/etc/hosts文件中未映射具體的主機名所致，具體可參考我的另一篇博文：
https://www.cnblogs.com/hubery881116/articles/9527117.html