幾個月前看到了這篇文章 https://philipwalton.com/articles/deploying-es2015-code-in-production-today/,給了我很大的啟發,本來是想使用 vue 來當實驗對象的,但是在 vue-cli3 的測試版中就有了這個內容,所以這次使用 react 來實驗, 現在 cra 中還未采用該方法;
作用:
借用 vue-cli3 中文檔的幾句話來說明下他的作用:
- 現代版的包會通過
<script type="module">
在被支持的瀏覽器中加載 (他的語法是 es6 以上的,可以直接運行) - 舊版的包會通過
<script nomodule>
加載,並會被支持 ES modules 的瀏覽器忽略。
修改過程:
首先下載需要的包:
下面列出:
- "babel-core": "^6.26.0"
- "babel-plugin-syntax-dynamic-import": "^6.18.0"
- "babel-plugin-transform-class-properties": "^6.24.1"
- "babel-polyfill": "^6.26.0"
- "babel-preset-env": "^1.7.0"
- "babel-preset-react": "^6.24.1"
- "html-webpack-add-module-plugin": "^1.0.3"
- "uglifyjs-webpack-plugin": "^1.2.7"
去除 package.json 中的 babel 參數
復制 /config/webpack.config.prod.js 一份在當前目錄, 命名為 webpack.config.prod.es5.js
在 prod.js 中:
添加引用:
const UglifyJsPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin')
const htmlWebpackAddModulePlugin = require('html-webpack-add-module-plugin')
const fs = require('fs')
說明:
UglifyJsPlugin 是因為 webpack.optimize.UglifyJsPlugin 無法壓縮 es6 以上的代碼所以需要該插件
htmlWebpackAddModulePlugin 是可以將 生成的 script 轉換為 module 或者 nomodule 的插件
fs 是可以對於文件進行一系列操作,這里只是用來判斷文件是否存在
修改代碼:
修改 oneOf 中的 test: /\.(js|jsx|mjs)$/
該 loader 將其 options 改為
options: {
presets: [
['env', {
modules: false,
useBuiltIns: true,
targets: {
browsers: [
'Chrome >= 60',
'Safari >= 10.1',
'iOS >= 10.3',
'Firefox >= 54',
'Edge >= 15',
]
},
}],
"react",
],
plugins: ["transform-class-properties", "syntax-dynamic-import"],
compact: true
}
可以將 include: paths.appSrc
去除(注意,如果這樣做,可能會引起某些錯誤)
在 plugins 中添加插件:
new htmlWebpackAddModulePlugin({
module: 'all',
}),
new UglifyJsPlugin(),
注釋 webpack.optimize.UglifyJsPlugin 插件:
// new webpack.optimize.UglifyJsPlugin({
// compress: {
// warnings: false,
// // Disabled because of an issue with Uglify breaking seemingly valid code:
// // https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/2376
// // Pending further investigation:
// // https://github.com/mishoo/UglifyJS2/issues/2011
// comparisons: false,
// },
// mangle: {
// safari10: true,
// },
// output: {
// comments: false,
// // Turned on because emoji and regex is not minified properly using default
// // https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/2488
// ascii_only: true,
// },
// sourceMap: shouldUseSourceMap,
// }),
修改 HtmlWebpackPlugin 插件為:
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
inject: true,
template: fs.existsSync(`${paths.appBuild}/index.html`) ? `${paths.appBuild}/index.html` : paths.appHtml,
minify: {
removeComments: true,
collapseWhitespace: true,
removeRedundantAttributes: true,
useShortDoctype: true,
removeEmptyAttributes: true,
removeStyleLinkTypeAttributes: true,
keepClosingSlash: true,
minifyJS: true,
minifyCSS: true,
minifyURLs: true,
},
}),
webpack.config.prod.js的修改到此為止
在 webpack.config.prod.es5.js 中修改
添加包引用:
const htmlWebpackAddModulePlugin = require('html-webpack-add-module-plugin')
修改入口名:
entry: {
'main.es5': [require.resolve('./polyfills'),"babel-polyfill", paths.appIndexJs]
},
與之前一樣的修改 oneOf 中的 babel loader 的 options:
options: {
presets: [
['env', {
modules: false,
useBuiltIns: true,
targets: {
browsers: [
"> 1%",
'last 2 version',
'firefox ESR'
]
},
}],
"react"
],
plugins: ["transform-class-properties", "syntax-dynamic-import"],
compact: true,
},
添加插件:
new htmlWebpackAddModulePlugin({
nomodule: 'all',
removeCSS: 'main'
}),
webpack.config.prod.es5.js的修改到此為止
開始修改 /scripts/build.js 文件:
添加 es5 config 文件的引用:
const es5config = require('../config/webpack.config.prod.es5');
在 build 函數之前添加函數:
function compiler(config, previousFileSizes, prevResult) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
config.run((err, stats) => {
if (err) {
return reject(err);
}
const messages = formatWebpackMessages(stats.toJson({}, true));
if (messages.errors.length) {
// Only keep the first error. Others are often indicative
// of the same problem, but confuse the reader with noise.
if (messages.errors.length > 1) {
messages.errors.length = 1;
}
return reject(new Error(messages.errors.join('\n\n')));
}
if (
process.env.CI &&
(typeof process.env.CI !== 'string' ||
process.env.CI.toLowerCase() !== 'false') &&
messages.warnings.length
) {
console.log(
chalk.yellow(
'\nTreating warnings as errors because process.env.CI = true.\n' +
'Most CI servers set it automatically.\n'
)
);
return reject(new Error(messages.warnings.join('\n\n')));
}
// console.log(stats)
let result = {
stats,
previousFileSizes,
warnings: messages.warnings,
}
if (prevResult) {
result.prevResult = prevResult
}
return resolve(result);
});
});
}
修改剛剛的 build 函數為:
async function build(previousFileSizes) {
console.log('Creating an optimized production build...');
let modernConfig = webpack(config);
let es5Config = webpack(es5config)
let result = await compiler(es5Config, previousFileSizes);
// remove main.es5.css
let arr = Object.keys(result.stats.compilation.assets)
const path = arr.find(v => v.indexOf('css') > -1 && v.indexOf('main') > -1)
await fs.remove(result.previousFileSizes.root + '/' + path)
result = await compiler(modernConfig, previousFileSizes, result);
return result
}
在 /public/index.html 中的
后面添加:<script>
(function() {
var check = document.createElement('script');
if (!('noModule' in check) && 'onbeforeload' in check) {
var support = false;
document.addEventListener('beforeload', function(e) {
if (e.target === check) {
support = true;
} else if (!e.target.hasAttribute('nomodule') || !support) {
return;
}
e.preventDefault();
}, true);
check.type = 'module';
check.src = '.';
document.head.appendChild(check);
check.remove();
}
}());
</script>
解決 safari 的重復加載問題
基礎的修改到此為止了,接下來運行指令 : npm run build
即可
Build 注意點
雖然現在有一個規范,模塊的JS必須添加mjs后綴,但是如果這樣做,你不能在本地構建后運行HTML文件,你必須在服務器上運行它,否則你報錯:
Failed to load module script: The server responded with a non-JavaScript MIME type of "application/octet-stream". Strict MIME type checking is enforced for module scripts per HTML spec.
Build 結果
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#000000">
<link rel="manifest" href="./manifest.json">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="./favicon.ico">
<title>React App</title>
<script>!function () {
var t = document.createElement("script");
if (!("noModule" in t) && "onbeforeload" in t) {
var n = !1;
document.addEventListener("beforeload", function (e) {
if (e.target === t) n = !0; else if (!e.target.hasAttribute("nomodule") || !n) return;
e.preventDefault()
}, !0), t.type = "module", t.src = ".", document.head.appendChild(t), t.remove()
}
}()</script>
<link href="./static/css/main.c17080f1.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript>
<div id="root"></div>
<script src="./static/js/main.es5.bfc0d013.js" nomodule></script>
<script src="./static/js/main.eee0168c.js" type="module"></script>
</body>
</html>
大小比較:
兩個 main 版本只相差 async/await 和 polyfill 的轉譯:
main.js :123k
main.es5.js :220k
兩個 chunk 相差一個 async/await 的轉譯:
es6:
0.chunk.js : 362b = 0.29k
es5:
0.chunk.js : 2k
這里借用開頭文章的運行速度表格(他是沒有加上 babel-polyfill 的):
Version | Parse/eval time (individual runs) | Parse/eval time (avg) |
---|---|---|
ES2015+ (main.mjs) | 184ms, 164ms, 166ms | 172ms |
ES5 (main.es5.js) | 389ms, 351ms, 360ms | 367ms |
結論
算是一種生硬的實現方案, webpack 4的異步組件還未測試
缺點是 webpack 重復生成,會減慢 build 的時間
vue-cli3 已經有了這種方式,期待下 react-script 的官方指令
解決 css 的問題,但是 es5 的代碼大小不會打印出來