解決anaconda中已經安裝了opencv3，但無法import的問題
你可能遇見的問題：
- ImportError: No module named cv2
- ImportError: libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
第一個問題：
你可能沒有成功安裝opencv環境，或者你需要重新安裝opencv的環境進行嘗試
你可以查看這一篇博客進行配置opencv卸載與安裝
第二個問題：
你可能查看了某些博客，要求你將cv2.so移動到你的使用的python中（ sudo cp /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/cv2.so /home/username/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/）,然后你再次import cv2就會發現會出現以上的報錯
你可以通過which python命令查看你的python的來源。例如你通過which python得到的結果是/home/learner/anaconda3/bin/python
那么說明你需要的opencv文件應該放在anaconda3/lib/python3.6(你的對應的版本)/dist-packages/中
解決方法:
如果你確實已經按照以上的博客進行安裝好opencv了，那么你可以繼續進行，否則，請先按照以上博客進行opencv的安裝。
根據提示，缺少的是libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3這個文件，那么我們進行查找通過sudo find / -name libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
得到結果如下：
find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
我們可以觀察到有很多cv2的文件夾，而我們python所使用的anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages中沒有這個文件，那么將cv2.so文件復制過去
cp /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2.so /anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages
在此處還不夠，需要加上以下聲明，可以添加到.bashrc中
export PYTHONPATH=/home/learner/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/:$PYTHONPATH
驗證結果
Python 3.6.3 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Oct 13 2017, 12:02:49)
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>>
這個方法是我誤打誤撞得到的，如果有更好的方法，希望大家可以給我留言，我會繼續改進的