require和require_once經濟性能對比

require和require_once都是PHP函數，開發人員可以使用它們在某個特定的腳本中導入外部PHP文件。你可以根據應用程序的復雜度調用一次或若干次require_once/require。使用require（而不是require_once）可以提高應用程序的性能。

測試前准備：

創建4個空的類來模擬主腳本要使用的外部PHP文件腳本。

ClassA.php：

<?php

class ClassA
{

}

ClassB.php：

<?php

class ClassB
{

}

ClassC.php：

<?php

class ClassC
{

}

ClassD.php：

<?php

class ClassD
{

}

使用require_once導入外部文件：

index.php：

<?php

require_once './ClassA.php';
require_once './ClassB.php';
require_once './ClassC.php';
require_once './ClassD.php';

echo "Only testing require_once";

重啟服務器，使用ab壓力測試工具模擬10000個請求，同一時間有5個並發請求。

ab.exe -c 5 -n 10000 http://www.demo.com/optimization/index.php

測試結果：

D:\phpStudy\Apache\bin>ab.exe -c 5 -n 10000 http://www.demo.com/optimization/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1748469 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.demo.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        Apache/2.4.23
Server Hostname:        www.demo.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /optimization/index.php
Document Length:        25 bytes

Concurrency Level:      5
Time taken for tests:   17.446 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2280000 bytes
HTML transferred:       250000 bytes
Requests per second:    573.20 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       8.723 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.745 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          127.63 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.4      0       2
Processing:     2    8  90.4      4    2503
Waiting:        1    7  90.5      3    2503
Total:          2    8  90.4      4    2504

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%      4
  66%      5
  75%      5
  80%      5
  90%      5
  95%      5
  98%      6
  99%      6
 100%   2504 (longest request)

使用ab工具測試require_once，可以看到相應時間是8.723ms，該腳本每秒支持573.20個請求。

 

使用require導入外部文件：

index_1.php：

<?php

require './ClassA.php';
require './ClassB.php';
require './ClassC.php';
require './ClassD.php';

echo "Only testing require";

重啟服務器，使用ab壓力測試工具模擬10000個請求，同一時間有5個並發請求。

ab.exe -c 5 -n 10000 http://www.demo.com/optimization/index_1.php

測試結果：

D:\phpStudy\Apache\bin>ab.exe -c 5 -n 10000 http://www.demo.com/optimization/index_1.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1748469 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.demo.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        Apache/2.4.23
Server Hostname:        www.demo.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /optimization/index_1.php
Document Length:        20 bytes

Concurrency Level:      5
Time taken for tests:   17.207 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2230000 bytes
HTML transferred:       200000 bytes
Requests per second:    581.16 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       8.604 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.721 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          126.56 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.4      0      21
Processing:     1    8  86.5      4    2320
Waiting:        1    7  86.5      3    2320
Total:          1    8  86.5      4    2320

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%      4
  66%      5
  75%      5
  80%      5
  90%      5
  95%      6
  98%      7
  99%      7
 100%   2320 (longest request)

D:\phpStudy\Apache\bin>ab.exe -c 5 -n 10000 http://www.demo.com/optimization/index_1.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1748469 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.demo.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests

使用ab工具測試require，可以看到相應時間是8.604ms，該腳本每秒支持581.16個請求。