在很多時候,我們會需要執行一些定時任務 ,Spring團隊提供了Spring Task模塊對定時任務的調度提供了支持,基於注解式的任務使用也非常方便。
只要跟需要定時執行的方法加上類似 @Scheduled(cron = "0 1 * * * *") 的注解就可以實現方法的定時執行。
cron 是一種周期的表達式,六位從右至左分別對應的是年、月、日、時、分、秒,數字配合各種通配符可以表達種類豐富的定時執行周期。
/**
* Cron Example patterns:
* <li>"0 0 * * * *" = the top of every hour of every day.</li>
* <li>"0 0 8-10 * * *" = 8, 9 and 10 o'clock of every day.</li>
* <li>"0 0/30 8-10 * * *" = 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, 9:30 and 10 o'clock every day.</li>
* <li>"0 0 9-17 * * MON-FRI" = on the hour nine-to-five weekdays</li>
* <li>"0 0 0 25 12 ?" = every Christmas Day at midnight</li>
*/
基於注解的使用案列:
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component(“task”) public class Task { @Scheduled(cron = "0 1 * * * *") // 每分鍾執行一次 public void job1() { System.out.println(“任務進行中。。。”); } }
基於注解方式的定時任務,啟動會依賴於系統的啟動。如果需要通過代碼或前台操作觸發定時任務,就需要進行包裝了。
下面是一個可以直接提供業務代碼調用的定時任務調度器。調用 schedule(Runnable task, String cron) 傳入要執行的任務
task和定時周期cron就可以了。注:基於注解方式需要在注解掃描范圍內。
package com.louis.merak.schedule; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler; import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class MerakTaskScheduler { @Autowired private ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler; @Bean public ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler(){ return new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler(); } /** * Cron Example patterns: * <li>"0 0 * * * *" = the top of every hour of every day.</li> * <li>"0 0 8-10 * * *" = 8, 9 and 10 o'clock of every day.</li> * <li>"0 0/30 8-10 * * *" = 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, 9:30 and 10 o'clock every day.</li> * <li>"0 0 9-17 * * MON-FRI" = on the hour nine-to-five weekdays</li> * <li>"0 0 0 25 12 ?" = every Christmas Day at midnight</li> */ public void schedule(Runnable task, String cron){ if(cron == null || "".equals(cron)) { cron = "0 * * * * *"; } threadPoolTaskScheduler.schedule(task, new CronTrigger(cron)); } /** * shutdown and init * @param task * @param cron */ public void reset(){ threadPoolTaskScheduler.shutdown(); threadPoolTaskScheduler.initialize(); } /** * shutdown before a new schedule operation * @param task * @param cron */ public void resetSchedule(Runnable task, String cron){ shutdown(); threadPoolTaskScheduler.initialize(); schedule(task, cron); } /** * shutdown */ public void shutdown(){ threadPoolTaskScheduler.shutdown(); } }
如果是需要通過前台操作調用RESTful執行定時任務的調度,使用以下Controller即可。
package com.louis.merak.common.schedule; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class MerakTaskSchedulerController { @Autowired MerakTaskScheduler taskScheduler; @RequestMapping("/schedule") public String schedule(@RequestParam String cron) {
if(cron == null) {
cron = "0/5 * * * * *";
}
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() { public void run() { String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()); System.out.println("Test GETaskScheduler Success at " + time); } };
taskScheduler.schedule(runnable, cron); return "Test TaskScheduler Interface."; } }
作者:朝雨憶輕塵
出處:https://www.cnblogs.com/xifengxiaoma/
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