版本聲明
python3.6.5
Django-2.0.6
djangorestframework-3.8.2
mysqlclient-1.3.12
1.寫一個登錄接口，不多說，直接上代碼
login_models.py
# -*- coding: utf-8
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
# 用戶表
class tbl_user(models.Model):
user_name = models.TextField(max_length=10)
email = models.TextField(max_length=50,default='')
phone=models.CharField(max_length=11,default='')
password=models.TextField(max_length=30,default='')
token_value=models.TextField(max_length=100)
status=models.CharField(max_length=100)
creat_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
# desc排序數據
class Meta:
ordering = ['-creat_time']
post請求
login_userIn.py
# coding:utf-8
import json
from django.http import HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from ApiSoftware.loginApi.PublicParameters import meta_json_Response,_Response_public
from ApiSoftware.modes import login_models
from ApiSoftware.loginApi.PublicParameters import get_dates
import time,datetime
import hashlib
class usr_login(APIView):
# 定義請求方法為post，這種方法需要繼承rest_framework的APIView
def post(self,request):
#初始化登錄的model
register_models = login_models
# 取到request對象的body（json）
parameter_json = request.body
# json轉字典
parameter = json.loads(parameter_json)
#定義請求里的key
get_phone = 'phone'
get_password = 'password'
#這是我寫的一個方法用來把字典轉成json的
get_json_Response = meta_json_Response()
#這個是初始化一個公共類，后面無效參數都調用這里的一個無效參數的字典，然后再轉json，返回給客戶端
get_Response_public = _Response_public()
# 如果定義的get_phone和get_password都在請求的json中忘下走
if get_phone in parameter and get_password in parameter:
#取出其request.json中的phone和password
phone=parameter[get_phone]
password=parameter[get_password]
# 如果phone和password都不為空
if phone and password:
#通過在model創建用戶表通過取出的手機號和密碼模糊查詢是否有這個手機號和對應的密碼
inspect_phone = register_models.tbl_user.objects.filter(phone__contains=phone,password__contains=get_password)
#判斷inspect_phone是否為空
if inspect_phone:
inspect=True
else:
inspect=False
#如果用戶表沒有這個手機號，走正常登錄邏輯
if inspect == True:
#寫一個方法通過sha256加密生成token
def _token_value(value):
hash = hashlib.sha256()
hash.update(value.encode('utf-8'))
return (hash.hexdigest())
#獲取現在的時間轉str
nowTime_to_token = datetime.datetime.today()
nowTime_to_token=str(nowTime_to_token)
#定義原字符串是目前時間加上手機號和密碼
get_user_str=str(phone+password+nowTime_to_token)
#通過上面sha256加密原字符串
get_token=_token_value(get_user_str)
# 根據請求的手機號密碼查詢出用戶
inster_token = login_models.tbl_user.objects.filter(phone__contains=phone, password__contains=password)
# 取出對象（查詢到的用戶數據），這個for可以不用因為唯一性的數據，直接索引，懶得改了
for value in inster_token:
#
value.token_value=get_token
#把上面的加密的token保存到這個用戶數據庫token_value字段中
value.save()
user_list = []
#取出對象（查詢到的用戶數據），這個for可以不用因為唯一性的數據，直接索引，懶得改了，其實上面已經取過了，懶得改
#想把用戶名取出來返回出去
for users in inster_token:
name_info=[users.user_name,users.token_value]
user_list.append(name_info)
usersInfo=user_list[0]
# 返回字典
datas = {
'status': 'true',
'message': '登錄成功！',
'name':usersInfo[0],
'token':get_token
}
# 字典轉json返回給客戶端
return HttpResponse(get_json_Response.json_Response(datas),
content_type="application/json,charset=utf-8")
# 異常情況
else:
datas = {
'status': 'false',
'message': '手機號或密碼不正確！',
'data': 'null'
}
return HttpResponse(get_json_Response.json_Response(datas),
content_type="application/json,charset=utf-8")
# 異常情況 公共方法
else:
return HttpResponse(get_Response_public.InvalidParameter(),
content_type="application/json,charset=utf-8")
# 異常情況 公共方法
else:
return HttpResponse(get_Response_public.InvalidParameter(), content_type="application/json,charset=utf-8")
1.1.設置路由
url.py
"""TestWebApi URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
# import上面寫的類
from ApiSoftware.loginApi.login_userIn import usr_login
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'login/userin/',usr_login().as_view()) #前面login/userin/自己定義訪問路徑，后面寫類.as_view()
]
1.2啟動服務python manage.py runserver127.0.0.1:8100 測試寫的post接口，postman調試工具
請求ok
2.寫一個GET接口（帶key的請求）
get_Students.py
# coding:utf-8 import json from django.http import HttpResponse from rest_framework.views import APIView class getStudentDates(APIView): def json_Response(self,dict_va): respone_bodys=json.dumps(dict_va) return respone_bodys def get(self,request): # 取出url上sex和age參數的值 sex = request.GET.get('sex') age = request.GET.get('age') print(sex) print(age) # 取出請求header中heelo的key值 header_hello = request.META.get("HTTP_HELLO") print(header_hello) datas = { "status":"ok", "students":[{"name":"小張","age":"20"},{"name":"小王","sex":"22"}], "message":"查詢成功" } return HttpResponse(self.json_Response(datas), content_type="application/json,charset=utf-8")
url.py
"""TestWebApi URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from ApiSoftware.loginApi.get_Students import getStudentDates
urlpatterns = [
# 設置路由
url(r'alldata/getstudent',getStudentDates().as_view()),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
這是GET請求的一種url帶指定key請求的方式，這里需要主要的是 header_hello = request.META.get("HTTP_HELLO")，我們定義了請求的header中有個hello參數，但是取值需要加上 HTTP_ 這樣的寫法，並且，hello參數盡管定義的大寫，但是這里取值必須得大寫，否者會取不到，下面看下cmd請求下的print
E:\TestWebApi>python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8100 Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). July 23, 2018 - 13:42:40 Django version 2.0.6, using settings 'TestWebApi.settings' Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8100/ Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK. 10 20 word [23/Jul/2018 13:42:43] "GET /alldata/getstudent?sex=10&age=20 HTTP/1.1" 200 147
可以看到請求的值我們都print出來了
下面是postman的請求
這樣帶參數的url請求就結束了，這里返回的學生信息，直接寫死的，理論上可以用前面寫的一篇序列化數據庫查詢出來的數據
3.寫一個GET請求（不帶Key的請求）
直接上代碼~
getstudets_NOKEY.py
# coding:utf-8
import json
from django.http import HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
class getStudentDatesNokey(APIView):
# 寫一個轉json的小方法
def json_Response(self,dict_va):
respone_bodys=json.dumps(dict_va)
return respone_bodys
# 寫get請求，定義url上兩個參數
def get(self,request,param1,param2):
# 打印這兩個參數，判斷是否獲取到
print(param1)
print(param2)
#把獲取的兩個值放到dict,
datas={
"key":param1,
"key1":param2
}
# 返回json
return HttpResponse(self.json_Response(datas), content_type='application/json; charset=utf-8')
url.py 這里需要注意url有參數，所以定義url需要匹配后面的值
"""TestWebApi URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from ApiSoftware.loginApi.getstudets_NOKEY import getStudentDatesNokey
urlpatterns = [
# plist后帶兩個參數用(.+)匹配任何字符除了/n
url(r'plist/(.+)/(.+)/$', getStudentDatesNokey.as_view()),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
這樣算是寫好了，然后python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8100,可以看到請求時，print的參數
E:\TestWebApi>python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8100 Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). July 23, 2018 - 18:47:37 Django version 2.0.6, using settings 'TestWebApi.settings' Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8100/ Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK. hello hello2 [23/Jul/2018 18:47:38] "GET /plist/hello/hello2/ HTTP/1.1" 200 34
最后，postman請求
終於寫完拉~ 每次學完一些東西不記錄，過兩天又忘了，越往后學，這種情況越嚴重，所以記錄每次學習的點點滴滴吧~ 若有理解錯誤的地方，多多指教~
下一篇會寫一些django在linux上部署后端的一些文檔~！