在使用 Spring Cloud 體系來構建微服務的過程中，用戶請求是通過網關(ZUUL 或 Spring APIGateway)以 HTTP 協議來傳輸信息，API 網關將自己注冊為 Eureka 服務治理下的應用，同時也從 Eureka 服務中獲取所有其他微服務的實例信息。搭建 OAuth2 認證授權服務，並不是給每個微服務調用，而是通過 API 網關進行統一調用來對網關后的微服務做前置過濾，所有的請求都必須先通過 API 網關，API 網關在進行路由轉發之前對該請求進行前置校驗，實現對微服務系統中的其他的服務接口的安全與權限校驗。對於微服務安全認證授權機制一塊，目前主流的解決方案有 OAuth2.0 與 OIDC(OpenID Connect) 等標准協議。
OAuth2.0 授權模式
OAuth2 是一個開放授權標准協議，它允許用戶讓第三方應用訪問該用戶在某服務的特定私有資源，但是不提供賬號密碼信息給第三方應用。
+--------+ +---------------+ | |--(A)- Authorization Request ->| Resource | | | | Owner | | |<-(B)-- Authorization Grant ---| | | | +---------------+ | | | | +---------------+ | |--(C)-- Authorization Grant -->| Authorization | | Client | | Server | | |<-(D)----- Access Token -------| | | | +---------------+ | | | | +---------------+ | |--(E)----- Access Token ------>| Resource | | | | Server | | |<-(F)--- Protected Resource ---| | +--------+ +---------------+ Figure 1: Abstract Protocol Flow
完整授權流程中有四個重要的角色[ RFC 6749 ]：
- 資源擁有者（resource owner）：能授權訪問受保護資源的一個實體，可以是一個人，那我們稱之為最終用戶；
- 資源服務器（resource server）：存儲受保護資源，客戶端通過access token請求資源，資源服務器響應受保護資源給客戶端；
- 授權服務器（authorization server）：成功驗證資源擁有者並獲取授權之后，授權服務器頒發授權令牌（Access Token）給客戶端。
- 客戶端（client）：第三方應用，也可以是它自己的官方應用；其本身不存儲資源，而是資源擁有者授權通過后，使用它的授權（授權令牌）訪問受保護資源，然后客戶端把相應的數據展示出來/提交到服務器。
OAuth2.0 協議根據使用不同的適用場景，定義了用於四種授權模式。
Authorization code（授權碼模式）
標准的 Server 授權模式，非常適合 Server 端的 Web 應用。一旦資源的擁有者授權訪問他們的數據之后，他們將會被重定向到 Web 應用並在 URL 的查詢參數中附帶一個授權碼（code）。在客戶端里，該 code 用於請求訪問令牌（access_token）。並且該令牌交換的過程是兩個服務端之前完成的，防止其他人甚至是資源擁有者本人得到該令牌。另外，在該授權模式下可以通過 refresh_token 來刷新令牌以延長訪問授權時間，也是最為復雜的一種方式。Implicit Grant（隱式模式）
該模式是所有授權模式中最簡單的一種，並為運行於瀏覽器中的腳本應用做了優化。當用戶訪問該應用時，服務端會立即生成一個新的訪問令牌（access_token）並通過URL的#hash段傳回客戶端。這時，客戶端就可以利用JavaScript等將其取出然后請求API接口。該模式不需要授權碼（code），當然也不會提供refresh token以獲得長期訪問的入口。Resource Owner Password Credentials（密碼模式）
自己有一套用戶體系，這種模式要求用戶提供用戶名和密碼來交換訪問令牌（access_token）。該模式僅用於非常值得信任的用戶，例如API提供者本人所寫的移動應用。雖然用戶也要求提供密碼，但並不需要存儲在設備上。因為初始驗證之后，只需將 OAuth 的令牌記錄下來即可。如果用戶希望取消授權，因為其真實密碼並沒有被記錄，因此無需修改密碼就可以立即取消授權。token本身也只是得到有限的授權，因此相比最傳統的 username/password 授權，該模式依然更為安全。Client Credentials（客戶端模式）
沒有用戶的概念，一種基於 APP 的密鑰直接進行授權，因此 APP 的權限非常大。它適合像數據庫或存儲服務器這種對 API 的訪問需求。備注：理解 OAuth 2.0
OAuth2.0 與 OpenID Connect 開源的框架
JAVA 中開源的認證與授權框架比較知名的有 Apereo CAS，Spring Cloud Security，JBoss 開源的 Keycloak 等（.NET IdentityServer4 ）。
Central Authentication Service (CAS) 通常稱為 CAS。 CAS是一種針對Web的企業多語言單點登錄解決方案，並嘗試成為您的身份驗證和授權需求的綜合平台。
下面是官方的一段簡述：
CAS Enterprise Single Sign-On
- Spring Webflow/Spring Boot Java server component.
- 可拔插認證支持 (LDAP, Database, X.509, SPNEGO, JAAS, JWT, RADIUS, MongoDb, etc)
- 多種協議支持 (CAS, SAML, WS-Federation, OAuth2, OpenID, OpenID Connect, REST)
- 通過各種提供商支持多因素身份驗證 (Duo Security, FIDO U2F, YubiKey, Google Authenticator, Microsoft Azure, Authy etc)
- 支持外部提供者的委托認證，例如： ADFS, Facebook, Twitter, SAML2 IdPs, etc.
- Built-in support for password management, notifications, terms of use and impersonation.
- Support for attribute release including user consent.
- 實時監控和跟蹤應用程序行為，統計信息和日志。
- 用特定的認證策略管理和注冊客戶端應用程序和服務。
- 跨平台的客戶端支持 (Java, .Net, PHP, Perl, Apache, etc).
- Integrations with InCommon, Box, Office365, ServiceNow, Salesforce, Workday, WebAdvisor, Drupal, Blackboard, Moodle, Google Apps, etc.
Spring Security OAuth 是建立在 Spring Security 的基礎之上 OAuth2.0 協議實現的一個類庫，它提供了構建 Authorization Server、Resource Server 和 Client 三種 Spring 應用程序角色所需要的功能。
Keycloak 官方語言來解釋，“為現代應用系統和服務提供開源的鑒權和授權訪問控制管理”。Keycloak 實現了OpenID，Auth2.0，SAML單點登錄協議，同時提供LDAP和Active Directory，以及OpenID Connect, SAML2.0 IdPs，Github，Google 等第三方登錄適配功能，能夠做到非常簡單的開箱即用。
備注：從 4.1 版開始，Spring Boot starter 將基於 Spring Boot 2 adapter。如果您使用的是較舊的 Spring Boot 版本，則可以使用 keycloak-legacy-spring-boot-starter。
Spring Security OAuth2 框架
下面使用 Spring Security OAuth2 為 Spring Cloud 搭建認證授權服務（能夠更好的集成到 Spring Cloud 體系中）。
- ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer：定義客戶詳細信息服務的配置器。客戶端詳細信息可以被初始化，或者您可以直接引用一個現有的存儲。（client_id ，client_secret，redirect_uri 等配置信息）。
- AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer：用來配置令牌端點的安全約束。
- AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer：用來配置授權以及令牌的訪問端點和令牌服務（比如：配置令牌的簽名與存儲方式）
Authorization Server
在 Authorization Server 的角色中 Spring Security OAuth2 定義了 AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter 配置類
public class AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter implements AuthorizationServerConfigurer { public AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter() { } public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception { } public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception { } public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception { } }
- ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer：用來配置客戶端詳情信息，一般使用數據庫來存儲或讀取應用配置的詳情信息（client_id ，client_secret，redirect_uri 等配置信息）。
- AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer：用來配置令牌端點(Token Endpoint)的安全與權限訪問。
- AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer：用來配置授權以及令牌（Token）的訪問端點和令牌服務（比如：配置令牌的簽名與存儲方式）
Resource Server
在 Resource Server 的角色中 Spring Security OAuth2 定義了 ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter 配置類
public class ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter implements ResourceServerConfigurer { public ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter() { } public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception { } public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { ((AuthorizedUrl)http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest()).authenticated(); } }
public class ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter implements ResourceServerConfigurer { public ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter() { } public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception { } public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { ((AuthorizedUrl)http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest()).authenticated(); } }
ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter 用於保護 OAuth2 要開放的資源，同時主要作用於client端以及token的認證(
Bearer Auth)，由於后面 OAuth2 服務端后續還需要提供用戶信息，所以也是一個 Resource Server，默認攔截了所有的請求，也可以通過重新方法方式自定義自己想要攔截的資源 URL 地址。另外根據 OAuth2.0 規范，獲取票據要支持 Basic 驗證與驗證用戶的賬戶信息，比如密碼模式：
POST /token HTTP/1.1 Host: server.example.com Authorization: Basic 1sZCaJks20MzpnMsPOi Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded grant_type=password&username=irving&password=123456
POST /token HTTP/1.1 Host: server.example.com Authorization: Basic 1sZCaJks20MzpnMsPOi Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded grant_type=password&username=irving&password=123456
可以在 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 類中重新相應的方法來實現。
- AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter
- ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter
- WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
Client
根據 OAuth2.0 規范定義獲得票據需要提供 client_id 與 client_secret ，這個過程需要在服務端申請獲得，比我新浪與騰訊的聯合登錄就是采用的授權碼模式。一般還是要根據適用的場景給與不同的配置與作用域。
/* * 配置客戶端詳情信息(內存或JDBC來實現) * * */ @Override public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception { //初始化 Client 數據到 DB clients.jdbc(dataSource) // clients.inMemory() .withClient("client_1") .authorizedGrantTypes("client_credentials") .scopes("all","read", "write") .authorities("client_credentials") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .and().withClient("client_2") .authorizedGrantTypes("password", "refresh_token") .scopes("all","read", "write") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000) .authorities("password") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .and().withClient("client_3").authorities("authorization_code","refresh_token") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code") .scopes("all","read", "write") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000) .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin") .and().withClient("client_test") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .authorizedGrantTypes("all flow") .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code", "client_credentials", "refresh_token","password", "implicit") .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin") .scopes("all","read", "write") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000); //https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security-oauth/blob/master/spring-security-oauth2/src/test/resources/schema.sql // clients.withClientDetails(new JdbcClientDetailsService(dataSource)); }
理解上述說的關系后，就可以來實現 OAuth2.0 的相關服務了。
MAVEN
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!--Spring Security 與 Security 的 OAuth2 擴展--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 將 token 存儲在 redis 中 --> <!--<dependency>--> <!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>--> <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>--> <!--</dependency>--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
SpringApplication@SpringCloudApplication //@SpringBootApplication、@EnableDiscoveryClient、@EnableCircuitBreaker public class MicrosrvOauth2ServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MicrosrvOauth2ServerApplication.class, args); } }
/* [/oauth/authorize] [/oauth/token] [/oauth/check_token] [/oauth/confirm_access] [/oauth/token_key] [/oauth/error] */ @Configuration @EnableAuthorizationServer //@Order(2) public class AuthorizationServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager; @Autowired private BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder; /* @Autowired private RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory; @Bean public RedisTokenStore tokenStore() { return new RedisTokenStore(connectionFactory); } */ @Autowired @Qualifier("dataSource") private DataSource dataSource; // @Bean(name = "dataSource") // @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource") // public DataSource dataSource() { // return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); // } @Bean("jdbcTokenStore") public JdbcTokenStore getJdbcTokenStore() { return new JdbcTokenStore(dataSource); } // @Bean // public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){ // return new UserService(); // } /* * 配置客戶端詳情信息(內存或JDBC來實現) * * */ @Override public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception { //初始化 Client 數據到 DB clients.jdbc(dataSource) // clients.inMemory() .withClient("client_1") .authorizedGrantTypes("client_credentials") .scopes("all","read", "write") .authorities("client_credentials") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .and().withClient("client_2") .authorizedGrantTypes("password", "refresh_token") .scopes("all","read", "write") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000) .authorities("password") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .and().withClient("client_3").authorities("authorization_code","refresh_token") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code") .scopes("all","read", "write") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000) .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin") .and().withClient("client_test") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123456")) .authorizedGrantTypes("all flow") .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code", "client_credentials", "refresh_token","password", "implicit") .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/callback","http://localhost:8080/signin") .scopes("all","read", "write") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200) .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(10000); //https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security-oauth/blob/master/spring-security-oauth2/src/test/resources/schema.sql // clients.withClientDetails(new JdbcClientDetailsService(dataSource)); } @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception { // endpoints // .tokenStore(new RedisTokenStore(redisConnectionFactory)) // .authenticationManager(authenticationManager); endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager) //配置 JwtAccessToken 轉換器 // .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter()) //refresh_token 需要 UserDetailsService is required // .userDetailsService(userDetailsService) .allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST) .tokenStore(getJdbcTokenStore()); } @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer oauthServer) { //curl -i -X POST -H "Accept: application/json" -u "client_1:123456" http://localhost:5000/oauth/check_token?token=a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec oauthServer.tokenKeyAccess("permitAll()") //url:/oauth/token_key,exposes public key for token verification if using JWT tokens .checkTokenAccess("isAuthenticated()") //url:/oauth/check_token allow check token .allowFormAuthenticationForClients(); } /** * 使用非對稱加密算法來對Token進行簽名 * @return */ @Bean public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter() { JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter(); KeyPair keyPair = new KeyStoreKeyFactory( new ClassPathResource("keystore.jks"), "foobar".toCharArray()) .getKeyPair("test"); converter.setKeyPair(keyPair); return converter; } }
/* * 提供 user 信息，所以 oauth2-server 也是一個Resource Server * */ @Configuration @EnableResourceServer //@Order(3) public class ResourceServerConfiguration extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter { // @Override // public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { // http // // Since we want the protected resources to be accessible in the UI as well we need // // session creation to be allowed (it's disabled by default in 2.0.6) // .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.IF_REQUIRED) // .and() // .requestMatchers().anyRequest() // .and() // .anonymous() // .and() // .authorizeRequests() //// .antMatchers("/product/**").access("#oauth2.hasScope('select') and hasRole('ROLE_USER')") // .antMatchers("/user/**").authenticated();//必須認證過后才可以訪問 // } // @Override // public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { // http.requestMatchers().anyRequest() // .and() // .authorizeRequests() // .antMatchers("/api/**").authenticated(); // } }
@Configuration @EnableWebSecurity //@Order(1) public class WebSecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Bean public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){ return new UserService(); } @Bean public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){ return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); } @Override protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { auth.inMemoryAuthentication() .withUser("irving") .password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")) .roles("read"); // auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService()) // .passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder()); } // @Bean // public static NoOpPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() { // return (NoOpPasswordEncoder) NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance(); // }
@Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { // http // .formLogin().loginPage("/login").permitAll() // .and() // .requestMatchers() // .antMatchers("/", "/login", "/oauth/authorize", "/oauth/confirm_access") // .and() // .authorizeRequests() // .anyRequest().authenticated(); // http.requestMatchers() // .antMatchers("/login", "/oauth/authorize") // .and() // .authorizeRequests() // .anyRequest().authenticated() // .and() // .formLogin().permitAll(); // http.csrf().disable(); //不攔截 oauth 開放的資源 http.requestMatchers() .anyRequest() .and() .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers("/oauth/**").permitAll(); } @Override @Bean public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception { return super.authenticationManagerBean(); } }
@RestController @RequestMapping("/api/user") public class UserController { @GetMapping("/me") public Principal user(Principal principal) { return principal; } @GetMapping("/{name}") public String getUserName(@PathVariable String name) { return "hello,"+ name; } }
application.yml
#logging: # level: # root: DEBUG logging: level: org.springframework: INFO #INFO org.springframework.security: DEBUG spring: application: name: microsrv-oauth2-server datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:3306/oauth2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false username: root password: "!TEST" driver: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource hikari: minIdle: 10 idle-timeout: 10000 maximumPoolSize: 30 server: port: 5000
config: oauth2: # openssl genrsa -out jwt.pem 2048 # openssl rsa -in jwt.pem privateKey: | -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIICXQIBAAKBgQDNQZKqTlO/+2b4ZdhqGJzGBDltb5PZmBz1ALN2YLvt341pH6i5 mO1V9cX5Ty1LM70fKfnIoYUP4KCE33dPnC7LkUwE/myh1zM6m8cbL5cYFPyP099t hbVxzJkjHWqywvQih/qOOjliomKbM9pxG8Z1dB26hL9dSAZuA8xExjlPmQIDAQAB AoGAImnYGU3ApPOVtBf/TOqLfne+2SZX96eVU06myDY3zA4rO3DfbR7CzCLE6qPn yDAIiW0UQBs0oBDdWOnOqz5YaePZu/yrLyj6KM6Q2e9ywRDtDh3ywrSfGpjdSvvo aeL1WesBWsgWv1vFKKvES7ILFLUxKwyCRC2Lgh7aI9GGZfECQQD84m98Yrehhin3 fZuRaBNIu348Ci7ZFZmrvyxAIxrV4jBjpACW0RM2BvF5oYM2gOJqIfBOVjmPwUro bYEFcHRvAkEAz8jsfmxsZVwh3Y/Y47BzhKIC5FLaads541jNjVWfrPirljyCy1n4 sg3WQH2IEyap3WTP84+csCtsfNfyK7fQdwJBAJNRyobY74cupJYkW5OK4OkXKQQL Hp2iosJV/Y5jpQeC3JO/gARcSmfIBbbI66q9zKjtmpPYUXI4tc3PtUEY8QsCQQCc xySyC0sKe6bNzyC+Q8AVvkxiTKWiI5idEr8duhJd589H72Zc2wkMB+a2CEGo+Y5H jy5cvuph/pG/7Qw7sljnAkAy/feClt1mUEiAcWrHRwcQ71AoA0+21yC9VkqPNrn3 w7OEg8gBqPjRlXBNb00QieNeGGSkXOoU6gFschR22Dzy -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- # openssl rsa -in jwt.pem -pubout publicKey: | -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDNQZKqTlO/+2b4ZdhqGJzGBDlt b5PZmBz1ALN2YLvt341pH6i5mO1V9cX5Ty1LM70fKfnIoYUP4KCE33dPnC7LkUwE /myh1zM6m8cbL5cYFPyP099thbVxzJkjHWqywvQih/qOOjliomKbM9pxG8Z1dB26 hL9dSAZuA8xExjlPmQIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY----- eureka: instance: preferIpAddress: true # instanceId: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port} client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://10.255.131.162:8000/eureka/,http://10.255.131.163:8000/eureka/,http://10.255.131.164:8000/eureka/
運行測試
客戶端模式
POST http://localhost:5000/oauth/token HTTP/1.1 Authorization: Basic Y2xpZW50XzE6MTIzNDU2 cache-control: no-cache Postman-Token: 86fd25cd-406d-4db1-a67a-eda3cf760ba5 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.1.1 Accept: */* Host: localhost:5000 content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded accept-encoding: gzip, deflate content-length: 29 Connection: keep-alive grant_type=client_credentials HTTP/1.1 200 {"access_token":"a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":1014,"scope":"all read write"}
密碼模式
POST http://localhost:5000/oauth/token HTTP/1.1 Authorization: Basic Y2xpZW50X3Rlc3Q6MTIzNDU2 cache-control: no-cache Postman-Token: f97aca16-e2ea-4dda-b51f-eb95caa57560 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.1.1 Accept: */* Host: localhost:5000 content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded grant_type=password&scope=all&username=irving&password=123456 HTTP/1.1 200 {"access_token":"dfe36394-8592-472f-b52b-24739811f6ee","token_type":"bearer","refresh_token":"c150594f-7d00-44cc-bbce-49e1a6e83552","expires_in":7190,"scope":"all"}
獲取資源信息
GET http://localhost:5000/api/user/me?access_token=a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:5000 HTTP/1.1 200 X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate Pragma: no-cache Expires: 0 X-Frame-Options: DENY Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8 Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2018 09:21:32 GMT Content-Length: 674 {"authorities":[{"authority":"client_credentials"}],"details":{"remoteAddress":"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1","sessionId":null,"tokenValue":"a1478d56-ebb8-4f21-b4b6-8a9602df24ec","tokenType":"Bearer","decodedDetails":null},"authenticated":true,"userAuthentication":null,"credentials":"","oauth2Request":{"clientId":"client_1","scope":["all","read","write"],"requestParameters":{"grant_type":"client_credentials"},"resourceIds":[],"authorities":[{"authority":"client_credentials"}],"approved":true,"refresh":false,"redirectUri":null,"responseTypes":[],"extensions":{},"refreshTokenRequest":null,"grantType":"client_credentials"},"clientOnly":true,"principal":"client_1","name":"client_1"}
問題
There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id “null”問題
一般是老的項目升到 Spring Boot 2.0 依賴的是 Spring 5，相關的依賴都發生了較大的改動 Spring Security 5.0 New Features ，Spring Security 重構了 PasswordEncoder 相關的算法 ，原先默認配置的 PlainTextPasswordEncoder（明文密碼）被移除了，替代的 BCryptPasswordEncoder ，Client 與 Resource Server 中設計密碼的相關都需要采用新的的編碼方式（上述代碼已采用）。
//兼容老版本 明文存儲 @Bean PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){ return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance(); } @Bean PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){ return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); }
method_not_allowed(Request method 'GET' not supported) 問題
可以配置，第三方 Client 拿到 access_token 后，如何發送給 Resouce Server 主要有三種方式[ RFC6750 中定義 ] （一般獲取 token 時不采用）：
- URI Query Parameter.
- Authorization Request Header Field.
- Form-Encoded Body Parameter.
@Configuration public class OAuthSecurityConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter { ... @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception { ... endpoints.allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST);// add get method ... endpoints.tokenServices(tokenServices); } ... }
Token 存儲 DB 報錯問題
檢查數據庫 token 相關的字段是否是二進制數據類型(默認是：token LONGVARBINARY)，數據庫的腳本可以在 Spring Security OAuth2 官方的項目中找到：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security-oauth/blob/master/spring-security-oauth2/src/test/resources/schema.sql
2018-07-19 22:31:29.574 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] .s.s.o.p.c.ClientCredentialsTokenGranter : Getting access token for: client_1 2018-07-19 22:31:29.574 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate : Executing prepared SQL query 2018-07-19 22:31:29.574 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate : Executing prepared SQL statement [select token_id, token from oauth_access_token where authentication_id = ?] 2018-07-19 22:31:29.575 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils : Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils : Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.s.o.p.token.store.JdbcTokenStore : Failed to find access token for authentication org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.OAuth2Authentication@f5d4467d: Principal: client_1; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: null; Granted Authorities: TRUSTED_CLIENT 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory : Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'scopedTarget.clientDetailsService' 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory : Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'scopedTarget.clientDetailsService' 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate : Executing prepared SQL query 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate : Executing prepared SQL statement [select token_id, token from oauth_access_token where token_id = ?] 2018-07-19 22:31:29.623 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils : Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource 2018-07-19 22:31:29.650 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils : Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource 2018-07-19 22:31:29.650 INFO 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.s.o.p.token.store.JdbcTokenStore : Failed to find access token for token ad587601-e0fd-4dea-8fcc-75144eb74101 2018-07-19 22:31:29.650 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate : Executing prepared SQL update 2018-07-19 22:31:29.650 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate : Executing prepared SQL statement [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)] 2018-07-19 22:31:29.650 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils : Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource 2018-07-19 22:31:29.651 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler : Set bytes for BLOB with length 691 2018-07-19 22:31:29.651 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler : Set bytes for BLOB with length 1627 2018-07-19 22:31:29.665 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils : Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource 2018-07-19 22:31:29.665 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] s.j.s.SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator : Unable to translate SQLException with Error code '1366', will now try the fallback translator 2018-07-19 22:31:29.665 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.j.s.SQLStateSQLExceptionTranslator : Extracted SQL state class 'HY' from value 'HY000' 2018-07-19 22:31:29.665 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] .m.m.a.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolving exception from handler [public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<org.springframework.security.oauth2.common.OAuth2AccessToken> org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.endpoint.TokenEndpoint.getAccessToken(java.security.Principal,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>) throws org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException]: org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code [1366]; Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 1; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 1 2018-07-19 22:31:29.665 DEBUG 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] .m.m.a.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver : Invoking @ExceptionHandler method: public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<org.springframework.security.oauth2.common.exceptions.OAuth2Exception> org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.endpoint.TokenEndpoint.handleException(java.lang.Exception) throws java.lang.Exception 2018-07-19 22:31:29.667 ERROR 20084 --- [nio-5000-exec-6] o.s.s.o.provider.endpoint.TokenEndpoint : Handling error: UncategorizedSQLException, PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code [1366]; Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 1; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 1 org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into oauth_access_token (token_id, token, authentication_id, user_name, client_id, authentication, refresh_token) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code [1366]; Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 1; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xAC\xED\x00\x05sr...' for column 'token' at row 1
票據存 DB 還是 Redis
根據 QPS 來吧，現階段我們就是使用 DB 來存儲，當然 Redis 或 MongoDB 都是比較好的選擇（因為 Token 是臨時性的，還涉及 Token 的刷新 ，驗證合法性，過期等機制，操作會很頻繁）。
/* @Autowired private RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory; @Bean public RedisTokenStore tokenStore() { return new RedisTokenStore(connectionFactory); } */ @Autowired @Qualifier("dataSource") private DataSource dataSource; @Bean("jdbcTokenStore") public JdbcTokenStore getJdbcTokenStore() { return new JdbcTokenStore(dataSource); } @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception { // endpoints // .tokenStore(new RedisTokenStore(redisConnectionFactory)) // .authenticationManager(authenticationManager); endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager) //配置 JwtAccessToken 轉換器 // .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter()) //refresh_token 需要 UserDetailsService is required // .userDetailsService(userDetailsService) .allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST) .tokenStore(getJdbcTokenStore()); }
REFER:
https://docs.spring.io/spring-security-oauth2-boot/docs/current/reference/html5/
https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/
http://projects.spring.io/spring-security-oauth/docs/oauth2.html
如何構建安全的微服務應用
https://www.cnblogs.com/exceptioneye/p/9341011.html
https://oauth.net/2/
https://github.com/jeansfish/RFC6749.zh-cnhttp://www.spring4all.com/article/883