環境
- IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1
- Maven 3.3.9
- Nexus 3.2.1
學習前提
- 了解 Maven 配置的基本用法
- 了解私有倉庫，比如 nexus 的一些概念
- 強烈建議把 Maven 的 settings.xml 文件同時放在：
%USER_HOME%/.m2/settings.xml和${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml兩個地方。避免使用終端的時候默認去調用用戶目錄下的
Maven 中的 profile
- Maven 中有一個概念叫做：
profile，它的誕生主要是為了解決不同環境所需的不同變量、配置等問題。 - 有了 profile，可以根據激活的條件，啟動不同條件下的配置信息。
- profile 是可以有多個的，也可以同時激活多個 profile，方便自由組合。
- profile 一般可以在三個地方：settings.xml，pom.xml，profiles.xml（這個不常用）
- 在 settings.xml 上，一般大家用來做倉庫的選擇，比如以下 settings.xml 代碼：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <profiles> <profile> <id>nexus</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> <profile> <id>aliyun</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings> - 以上代碼中 profile 就做一件事：設置全局的 profile，一個是 nexus 倉庫，一個是 aliyun 倉庫，默認激活的是 nexus 倉庫。（activeProfiles）
- 在 pom.xml 中，一般用來激活環境配置，比如以下代碼：
<profiles> <profile> <id>dev</id> <properties> <package.environment>dev</package.environment> </properties> <activation> <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault> </activation> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> </resources> <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName> </build> </profile> <profile> <id>product</id> <properties> <package.environment>product</package.environment> </properties> <activation> <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault> </activation> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory> <includes> <include>**/*</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> </resources> <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName> </build> </profile> </profiles> - 以上代碼中 profile 就做一件事：打包的時候，默認是 dev 模式，打包 src/main/env/dev 下的配置文件，如果選擇 product 則打包 src/main/env/product 下的配置文件
IntelliJ IDEA 使用 Maven Profile 的案例
- 在 IntelliJ IDEA 上調用 profile 簡單，如下圖勾選對應的復選框即可，可以多選。
- 只使用 aliyun 倉庫可以這樣配置 settings.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <profiles> <profile> <id>aliyun</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>aliyun</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings> - 使用 nexus + aliyun 倉庫可以這樣配置 settings.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd"> <localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository> <pluginGroups> </pluginGroups> <proxies> </proxies> <profiles> <profile> <id>nexus</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>nexus</id> <url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> <profile> <id>aliyun</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>aliyun</id> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> </settings>
來源：https://youmeek.gitbooks.io/intellij-idea-tutorial/content/maven-skill-introduce.html