單詞phony (即phoney)的意思是:偽造的,假的。來自collins的解釋是:
If you describe something as phoney, you disapprove of it because it is false
rather than genuine.
那么,在Makefile中,.PHONY后面的target表示的也是一個偽造的target, 而不是真實存在的文件target,注意Makefile的target默認是文件。
舉個例子:
$ cat -n Makefile1 1 clean: 2 rm -f foo $ cat -n Makefile2 1 .PHONY: clean 2 clean: 3 rm -f foo
Makefile1和Makefile2的差別就是在Makefile2中定義了:
1 .PHONY: clean
- 直接Make看看
$ ls -l total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 18 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile1 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 32 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile2 $ make -f Makefile1 clean rm -f foo $ make -f Makefile2 clean rm -f foo
Makefile1和Makefile2的行為沒有啥子區別嘛,呵呵
- 創建一個文件clean, 再make看看
$ touch clean $ ls -l total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 0 Jul 13 18:06 clean -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 18 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile1 -rw-r--r-- 1 huanli huanli 32 Jul 13 17:51 Makefile2 $ make -f Makefile1 clean make: 'clean' is up to date. $ make -f Makefile2 clean rm -f foo
區別來了,Makefile1拒絕了執行clean, 因為文件clean存在。而Makefile2卻不理會文件clean的存在,總是執行clean后面的規則。由此可見,.PHONY clean發揮了作用。
小結:
.PHONY: clean o means the word "clean" doesn't represent a file name in this Makefile; o means the Makefile has nothing to do with a file called "clean" in the same directory.
參考資料:
- Phony Targets of GNU Make