sys.argv[]是用來獲取命令行參數的,sys.argv[0]表示代碼本身文件路徑,所以參數從1開始,以下兩個例子說明:
1、使用sys.argv[]的一簡單實例:
以下是sample1.py文件:
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import sys,os
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print sys.argv
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os.system(sys.argv[ 1])
這個例子os.system接收命令行參數,運行參數指令,cmd命令行帶參數運行python sample1.py notepad,將打開記事本程序。
2、這個例子是簡明python教程上的,明白它之后你就明白sys.argv[]了。
以下是sample.py文件:
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
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import sys
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def readfile(filename): #定義readfile函數,從文件中讀出文件內容
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'''''''Print a file to the standard output.'''
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f = file(filename)
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while True:
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line = f.readline()
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if len(line) == 0:
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break
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print line, # notice comma 分別輸出每行內容
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f.close()
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# Script starts from here
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print sys.argv
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if len(sys.argv) < 2:
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print 'No action specified.'
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sys.exit()
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if sys.argv[1].startswith('--'):
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option = sys.argv[ 1][2:]
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# fetch sys.argv[1] but without the first two characters
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if option == 'version': #當命令行參數為-- version,顯示版本號
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print 'Version 1.2'
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elif option == 'help': #當命令行參數為--help時,顯示相關幫助內容
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print '''
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This program prints files to the standard output.
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Any number of files can be specified.
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Options include:
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--version : Prints the version number
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--help : Display this help'''
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else:
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print 'Unknown option.'
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sys.exit()
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else:
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for filename in sys.argv[1:]: #當參數為文件名時,傳入readfile,讀出其內容
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readfile(filename)
在與sample.py同一目錄下,新建3個記事本文件test.txt,test1.txt,test2.txt,內容如下圖:

驗證sample.py,如下:
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>python sample.py
['sample.py']
No action specified.
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>python sample.py --help
['sample.py', '--help']
This program prints files to the standard output.
Any number of files can be specified.
Options include:
--version : Prints the version number
--help : Display this help
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>python sample.py --version
['sample.py', '--version']
Version 1.2
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>python sample.py --ok
['sample.py', '--ok']
Unknown option.
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>python sample.py test.txt
['sample.py', 'test.txt']
hello python!
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>python sample.py test.txt test1.txt test2.txt
['sample.py', 'test.txt', 'test1.txt', 'test2.txt']
hello python!
hello world!
hello wahaha!
goodbye!
C:\Users\91135\Desktop>
