springboot 單元測試

　　之前開發測試程序功能時，采取的都是通過連接訪問來測試程序，常用的方法有：

1、直接通過在瀏覽器輸入網址訪問；

2、通過公司搭建的eolinker來進行訪問測試；

3、通過編寫python腳本來進行測試；

4、通過postman工具來測試。

　　但這樣經常會一測就要測一整塊，相對單元測試來說定位問題比較麻煩，單元測試能幫助我們拆分方法，單獨測試些關鍵的代碼、功能，是日常開發中必備的技能，同時也是各大公司招技術人員的必要要求之一。但今天看了不少文章，也試了不少，發現即是很簡單的東西自己也走了不少彎路，所以覺得很有必要把今天的練習寫下來。

 

1、首先是pom.xml的包

<!-- test依賴,必須添加 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>

 

2、下面分別是controller層，service層，jpaRepository層

　 DemoController.class類

package com.test.demo.controllers;

import com.test.demo.domain.entities.Address;
import com.test.demo.domain.entities.AddressRepository;
import com.test.demo.services.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class DemoController {

    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;

    @Autowired
    private AddressRepository addressRepository;

    /**
     * RequestParam 參數里面的name和value的效果是一樣的
     * RequestMapping 參數里面就只能是value了，
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/queryaddress")
    public String demo(@RequestParam(name = "name")String name){
        List<Address> addressList = demoService.queryAddress("%"+name+"%");
        System.out.println(addressList.toString());

        return addressList.toString();
    }

}

    DemoService.class類

package com.test.demo.services;

import com.test.demo.domain.entities.Address;
import com.test.demo.domain.entities.AddressRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class DemoService {

    @Autowired
    private AddressRepository addressRepository;

    /**
     * 根據名稱查找地區
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    public List<Address> queryAddress(String name){
        return addressRepository.queryListByName(name);
    }

}

 

　 AddressRepository.class類

package com.test.demo.domain.entities;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;

import java.util.List;

public interface AddressRepository extends JpaRepository<Address, Integer>{

    /**
     * 根據地區查找數據
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    @Query(value = "select * from address where address like ?",nativeQuery = true)
    List<Address> queryListByName(String name);
}

 

3、下面是新建測試類

package com.test.demo.controllers;

import com.test.demo.Main;
import com.test.demo.domain.entities.Address;
import com.test.demo.domain.entities.AddressRepository;
import com.test.demo.services.DemoService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Main.class)//掃描啟動類
public class DemoTest {

    @Autowired
   private AddressRepository addressRepository;

    @Autowired
    private DemoController demoController;

    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;

    /**
     * 查找地址
     * 訪問addressRepository層
     */
   @Test
   public void query() {
      System.out.println("===訪問addressRepository層====");
      List<Address> lst = addressRepository.queryListByName("%我%");

      System.out.println(lst.size());

      if (lst.size() > 0) {
         for (Address ad : lst) {
            System.out.println(ad.toString());
         }
      }
   }

   /**
    * 查找地址，訪問controller層
    */
    @Test
    public void queryAddress(){
        System.out.println("===訪問controller層====");
        String str = demoController.demo("%我%");
        System.out.println(str);
    }

    /**
     * 查找地址，訪問service層
     */
    @Test
    public void queryServiceAddress(){
        System.out.println("===訪問service層====");
        List<Address> lst = demoService.queryAddress("%我%");
        System.out.println(lst.size());

        if (lst.size() > 0) {
            for (Address ad : lst) {
                System.out.println(ad.toString());
            }
        }
    }

}

 

測試：

點擊紅箭頭所指位置，可以進行想應的測試：

 

測試結果：

 

 

 

 

 應用實例已放到github上：https://github.com/DYH2020/springBootDemo

 

 參考項目：https://github.com/BraveWangDev/SpringBoot/tree/master/SpringBoot-Junit