1,假設有一個表
結構和索引如下:
create table test1(ID BIGINT,name varchar(10),age int,addr varchar(128));
插入測試數據:
insert into test1 select i,'name'||i,100,substr(md5(random()::text),1,30) from generate_series(1,1000000) as t(i);
-- 創建組合索引,ID + NAME
create index idx_test_id_name on test1(id ,name);
analyze test1;
2,分頁查詢語句
-- sql語句:
select id,name from test1 where id between 1000 and 10000 and name in ('name1','name2','name3')
order by id desc limit 24;
-- 執行計划顯示
explain (analyze,buffers) select id,name from test1 where id between 1000 and 10000 and name in ('name1','name2','name3')
order by id desc limit 24;
Limit (cost=0.42..10879 rows=1 width=51) (actual time=35.174..35.174 rows=0 loops=1)
Buffers:shared hit = 39 read=93
--> Index Scan using idx_test1_id_name on test1(cost=0.42..10879.37 row=1 width=51)(actual time=35.169..35.169 rows=0 loops=1)
Index Cond:((id >=1000 ) and (id <=10000))
Filter:((name)::text = ANY('{name1,name2}'::text[]))
Rows Removed by Filter:9001
Buffers:shared hit=39 read = 93
Planning time : 2.183ms
Execution time : 35.311ms
-- 2個疑問:
第一個問題:
Filter:((name)::text = ANY('{name1,name2}'::text[]))
這步為什么不能在索引的塊中過濾,Pg走的是回表過濾,這樣會造成效率低下。
僅僅是根據idx_test1_id_name的前導列范圍掃描id,直接回表讀取heap page過濾
而且我只選中了id和name兩列都在索引中的,理論上不需要回表嘛,
這點在oracle數據庫中確認沒有回表過程
第二個問題:
postgresql的執行計划很難看出是否真正的回表了。上面的回表過濾我是通過查看 pg_buffercache插件確認的。
請大牛幫忙看看,是否有好的思路和方法。