主要理解一下兩點:
1.在C和C++中struct的常規使用。
2.在C++中struct和class基本一致,除了在訪問控制權限方面,即:
通過struct關鍵字實現的類,屬性,函數默認的訪問權限為public;
通過class關鍵字實現的類,屬性,函數默認的訪問權限為private。
下面舉例說明:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct point{
int x;
int y;
int fun(point &p) //在C++中,完全可以在struct中使用函數
{
p.x = 100;
p.y = 200;
return 0;
}
point(int x, int y): x(x) , y(y){ } //等同於C++中的class
};
struct teacher{
int age;
char *name;
};
int main(void){
point p(0,0);
p.x = 1;
p.y = 2;
point p1= p;
cout<<"p1.x="<<p1.x<<endl;
cout<<"p1.y="<<p1.y<<endl;
point *p3 = &p1;
p3->x = 10;
p3->y = 20;
cout<<"p3->x="<<p3->x<<endl;
cout<<"p3->y="<<p3->y<<endl;
p3->fun(p1);
cout<<"p3->x="<<p3->x<<endl;
cout<<"p3->y="<<p3->y<<endl;
point p4(1000,2000);
cout<<"p4.x="<<p4.x<<endl;
cout<<"p4.y="<<p4.y<<endl;
cout<<"================struct在C中用法================"<<endl;
cout<<"before define struct teacher,sizeof(teacher)="<<sizeof(teacher)<<endl;
struct teacher t1; //定義時比較繁瑣,需要添加struct關鍵字,也可以使用typedef聲明,此處就不需要加struct關鍵字。同樣在C++中可以直接不加struct關鍵字
cout<<"after define struct teacher,sizeof(teacher)="<<sizeof(teacher)<<endl;
t1.age = 30;
t1.name = "zhangsan";
cout<<"t1.age="<<t1.age<<endl;
cout<<"t1.name="<<t1.name<<endl;
struct teacher *t2 = &t1;
t2->age = 35;
t2->name = "lisi";
cout<<"t2->age="<<t2->age<<endl;
cout<<"t2->name="<<t2->name<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
輸出結果:

