這里介紹:LoadBalancerClient
接口,它是一個負載均衡客戶端的抽象定義,下面我們就看看如何使用Spring Cloud提供的負載均衡器客戶端接口來實現服務的消費。
引用之前的文章中構建的eureka-server作為服務注冊中心、eureka-client作為服務提供者作為基礎。
1、pom.xml 和eureka-client一樣的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>eurekaConsumer</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>eurekaConsumer</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Dalston.SR3</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
2、application, server使用了8000,client使用了8001端口,這里我們使用8002
spring.application.name=eurekaConsumer
server.port=8002
#指定eureka-servcer注冊中心的地址
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/
3、Spring Cloud 使用的是rest api, 這里我們初始化RestTemplate,用來真正發起REST請求
package com.example.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @EnableDiscoveryClient @SpringBootApplication public class EurekaConsumerApplication { @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaConsumerApplication.class, args); } }
4、創建一個消費接口
package com.example.demo.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance; import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @RestController public class ClientConsumerController { @Autowired LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient; @Autowired RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/consumer") public String all() { // 發起REST請求 return restTemplate.getForObject(getUrl("eurekaClient", "/all"), String.class); } /** * 獲取指定url * @param clientApplicationName 指定的服務提供名 * @param interfaceName 需要消費的接口名 * @return */ private String getUrl(String clientApplicationName, String interfaceName) { // 使用loadBalancerClient的choose函數來負載均衡的選出一個eurekaClient的服務實例 ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose(clientApplicationName); // 獲取之前eurekaClient /all接口地址 String url = "http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + interfaceName; System.out.println(url); return url; } }
最后依次啟動注冊服務server,服務提供者client ,服務消費consumer,可以看到,訪問http://localhost:8000/服務中心結果如下:
再然后訪問http://localhost:8002/consumer,去消費 eurekaclient 的 all接口
由此可以看出,消費服務 ,需要指定服務提供方,和需要消費的接口,而引入LoadBalancerClient ,需要host,port,並且配置也很不友好,下面一篇會介紹Ribbon