安裝
mysql
sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-server mysql-common mysql-client
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-common mysql-client
mysqladmin -u root password your-new-password
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
mariadb
apt-get install mariadb-server
字符集修改utf8
如果裝的mariadb, 默認字符集已經是utf8了。mysql則不是
mysql> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
修改字符集：
sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
添加以下內容
[mysqld]
collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8
重啟：
service mysql restart
登錄權限問題
Ubuntu18.04 安裝mysql或者mariadb之后，發現普通用戶和遠程都沒有權限連接。
ERROR 1045: Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using
password: YES)
修改了密碼也不對。然后sudo mysql -u root即可登錄。這顯然不是我們想要的。
解決方案
刪除root，重新創建用戶。
首先，登錄
sudo mysql -u root
然后查看當前用戶
SELECT User,Host FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| User | Host |
+------------------+-----------+
| admin | localhost |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost |
| magento_user | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
刪除root賬號
mysql> DROP USER 'root'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)
重新創建root：
mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)
授權
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,01 sec)
關於重置密碼
host為%時允許遠程登錄
SET PASSWORD FOR root@'localhost' = PASSWORD('password');
or
UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpwd') WHERE User='root';
or
USE mysql
UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('newpwd')
WHERE Host = 'localhost' AND User = 'root';
允許任何地方登錄
USE mysql
UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('newpwd')
WHERE Host = '%' AND User = 'root';