@EnableWebMvc是什么
直接看源碼,@EnableWebMvc實際上引入一個DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration。
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Documented @Import({DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class}) public @interface EnableWebMvc { }
DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration繼承了WebMvcConfigurationSupport
@Configuration public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { ...
所以@EnableWebMvc=繼承DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration=繼承WebMvcConfigurationSupport
@EnableWebMvc和@EnableAutoConfiguration的關系
@EnableAutoConfiguration是springboot項目的啟動類注解@SpringBootApplication的子元素,主要功能為自動配置。
@Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @SpringBootConfiguration @EnableAutoConfiguration @ComponentScan( excludeFilters = {@Filter( type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class} ), @Filter( type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class} )} ) public @interface SpringBootApplication { ... }
@EnableAutoConfiguration實際是導入了EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector和Registrar兩個類
@Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @AutoConfigurationPackage @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class}) public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration { ... }
@Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @Import({Registrar.class}) public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage { }
這兩個類的具體原理有些復雜,不太清除,主要內容是通過SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()導入jar下面的配置文件META-INF/spring.factories
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) { List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader()); Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct."); return configurations; }
配置文件中的內容如下
# Auto Configure org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\ ... org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\ ...
其中有WebMvcAutoConfiguration,WebMvcAutoConfiguration源碼如下
@Configuration @ConditionalOnWebApplication( type = Type.SERVLET ) @ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class}) @ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class}) @AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638) @AutoConfigureAfter({DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, ValidationAutoConfiguration.class}) public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration { ... }
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class})意思是如果存在它修飾的類的bean
,則不需要再創建這個bean。
由此可得出結論:
如果有配置文件繼承了DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration,
或者WebMvcConfigurationSupport,或者配置文件有@EnableWebMvc,那么 @EnableAutoConfiguration 中的
WebMvcAutoConfiguration 將不會被自動配置,而是使用WebMvcConfigurationSupport的配置。
@EnableWebMvc,WebMvcConfigurationSupport,WebMvcConfigurer和WebMvcConfigurationAdapter使用
WebMvcConfigurationAdapter已經廢棄,最好用implements WebMvcConfigurer代替
@Configuration public class MyConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { }
如果使用繼承,WebMvcConfigurationSupport,DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration,或者使用@EnableWebMvc,
需要注意會覆蓋application.properties中關於WebMvcAutoConfiguration的設置,需要在自定義配置中實現,如
springboot2.0、spring5.0 攔截器配置WebMvcConfigurerAdapter過時使用WebMvcConfigurationSupport來代替 新坑
示例如下
Configuration @EnableWebMvc public class MyConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { }
@Configuration public class MyConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { }
@Configuration public class MyConfig extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration { }
上面代碼中需要在類中實現關於WebMvcAutoConfiguration的配置,而不是在application.properties中。
總結
implements WebMvcConfigurer : 不會覆蓋@EnableAutoConfiguration關於WebMvcAutoConfiguration的配置
@EnableWebMvc + implements WebMvcConfigurer : 會覆蓋@EnableAutoConfiguration關於WebMvcAutoConfiguration的配置
extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport :會覆蓋@EnableAutoConfiguration關於WebMvcAutoConfiguration的配置
extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration :會覆蓋@EnableAutoConfiguration關於WebMvcAutoConfiguration的配置