首先,需要在javaweb的項目當中新建一個Servlet文件,然后再web.xml中配置一下:
這樣運行的時候就可以通過“http://localhost:8080/Response/Response02”的地址訪問到我們的Servlet。
開始代碼的編寫吧:
首先,我們需要寫一個生成隨即數字的方法,我們這次實現隨即生成七位數的數字:
private String makeNum() { Random random = new Random(); String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + ""; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < 7 - num.length(); i++) { sb.append("0"); } num = sb.toString() + num; return num; }
這個方法有點繁瑣,而且效率低下,還有個簡單的寫法:
private String getNum() { Random ran = new Random(); String num = (ran.nextInt(8999999) + 1000000) + ""; return num; }
這個方法非常的簡單,但是BUG是無法生成9999999;我用的是第二種;
接下來是在頁面當中寫畫圖的代碼,使隨即數字以圖片的形式展現在頁面當中:
response.setHeader("refresh", "3"); //設置響應頭控制瀏覽器每隔3S刷新頁面 //1.在內存中創建一張圖片 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR); //2.得到圖片 Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.WHITE); //設置圖片的背景色 g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 20);//填充背景色
//3.向圖片上寫數據 g.setColor(Color.BLUE);//設置圖片上字體的顏色 g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20)); g.drawString(getNum(), 0, 20);
//4.設置響應頭控制瀏覽器以圖片的方式打開 response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//5.設置響應頭控制瀏覽器不緩存圖片的數據 response.setDateHeader("expires", -1); response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");//Http1.1中控制瀏覽器緩存 response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");//Http1.0中控制瀏覽器緩存 //6.將圖片寫進瀏覽器 ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
點擊運行:
每過3S,頁面刷新一次。完整代碼如下:
package Response; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Random; @WebServlet(name = "Response02", urlPatterns = {"/Response/Response02"}) public class Response02 extends HttpServlet { protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setHeader("refresh", "3"); //設置響應頭控制瀏覽器每隔3S刷新頁面 //1.在內存中創建一張圖片 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR); //2.得到圖片 Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.WHITE); //設置圖片的背景色 g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 20);//填充背景色 //3.向圖片上寫數據 g.setColor(Color.BLUE);//設置圖片上字體的顏色 g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20)); g.drawString(getNum(), 0, 20); //4.設置響應頭控制瀏覽器以圖片的方式打開 response.setContentType("image/jpeg"); //5.設置響應頭控制瀏覽器不緩存圖片的數據 response.setDateHeader("expires", -1); response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");//Http1.1中控制瀏覽器緩存 response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");//Http1.0中控制瀏覽器緩存 //6.將圖片寫進瀏覽器 ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream()); } /*** * 生成隨即數字 * **/ private String makeNum() { Random random = new Random(); String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + ""; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < 7 - num.length(); i++) { sb.append("0"); } num = sb.toString() + num; return num; } //簡單,但是無法獲取9999999 private String getNum() { Random ran = new Random(); String num = (ran.nextInt(8999999) + 1000000) + ""; return num; } }