ruby net/http模塊使用

ruby中的NET::HTTP；這里暫時先列出幾個固定用法：

其中一，二不支持請求頭設置(header取ruby默認值)，只能用於基本的請求，不支持持久連接，如果您執行許多HTTP請求，則不推薦它們；三，四可以設置請求頭；

NET::HTTP不能處理重定向和404 ；不支持會話保持

一. 基本GET請求get_response

require 'net/http'

# 基本GET請求
require 'net/http'
uri = URI('http://httpbin.org/get')
response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
puts response.body


# 帶參數的GET請求
require 'net/http'
uri = URI('http://httpbin.org/get?name=zhaofan&age=23')
response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
puts response.body

# 如果我們想要在URL查詢字符串傳遞數據，通常我們會通過httpbin.org/get?key=val方式傳遞
# URI模塊允許使用 encode_www_form 方法，將一個HASH來進行轉化，例子如下：
require 'net/http'
uri = URI('http://httpbin.org/get?')
data = {name:'zhaofan', age:23}
uri.query = URI.encode_www_form(data)
response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
puts response.body

 

二.基本post請求post_form(header默認為application/x-www-form-urlencoded)

require 'net/http'

# 基本POST請求
# 通過在發送post請求時添加一個params參數，這個params參數可以通過字典構造成;
# 該方法底層和get_response一樣都是調用了response方法
uri = URI('http://httpbin.org/post')
params = {name:'zhaofan', age:23}
res = Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, params)
puts res.body

 

三.get固定用法

require 'net/http'

url = URI('http://httpbin.org/get?')
# 設置請求參數
params = {'name':'test'}
url.query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
http = Net::HTTP.new(url.host, url.port)
# 設置請求頭
header = {'user-agent':'Chrome/61.0.3163.100'}

response = http.get(url, header)
puts response.body

 

四.post固定用法

• application/json
  

  require 'net/http'
  require 'json'
  
  #application/json
  url = URI('http://httpbin.org/post')
  
  http = Net::HTTP.new(url.host, url.port)
  # 設置請求參數
  data = {'code':1, 'sex':'男', 'id':1900, 'name': 'test'}.to_json
  # 設置請求頭
  header = {'content-type':'application/json'}
  response = http.post(url, data, header)
  puts response.body

   

• application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  

  require 'net/http'
  require 'json'
  
  #application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  url = URI('http://httpbin.org/post')
  http = Net::HTTP.new(url.host, url.port)
  #encodeURI參數
  data = URI.encode_www_form({'name':'test'})
  #設置請求頭
  header = {'content-type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
  response = http.post(url, data,header)
  puts response.body

   

• multipart/form-data 上傳文件
  

  # multipart/form-data
  url = URI('http://httpbin.org/post')
  http = Net::HTTP.new(url.host, url.port)
  
  # 設置請求參數
  data = [
      ['name', 'test'],
      ['image', open('test.jpg'), { filename: 'test.jpg'}]
  ]
  request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(url.path)
  request.set_form(data, 'multipart/form-data')
  response = http.request(request)
  puts response.body

   

 五.response響應內容

require 'net/http'
uri = URI('http://www.baidu.com')
response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)
puts "http版本：#{response.http_version}" #=> 1.1
puts "響應代碼： #{response.code}" #=> 200
puts "響應信息：#{response.message}" #=> ok
puts "uri：#{response.uri}" #=> http://www.baidu.com
puts "解碼信息：#{response.decode_content}" #=> true
puts response.body #=> 響應體
response.header.each do |k,v|
  puts "#{k}:#{v}"
end #=> 響應頭

 

六.發送https請求

require 'net/https'
# 設置https
http.use_ssl = true
http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE