CRM客戶關系管理系統（十三）

第十三章、用戶自定義認證

13.1.用戶自定義認證

• class Meta:

    　　       abstract = True   (不會創建表，只把字段繼承給子類)

• django加密方式：md5 +  鹽
• account

                  LADP:輕量級目錄賬號管理協議（集中賬號管理）：通過網絡到LDAP服務器上進行驗證

• SSO：Single Sign on （單點登錄）

 

（1）settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'crm.UserProfile'

（2）crm/models.py

class UserProfileManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, name, password=None):
        """
        Creates and saves a User with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')

        user = self.model(
            email=self.normalize_email(email),
            name=name,
        )

        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email, name, password):
        """
        Creates and saves a superuser with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        user = self.create_user(
            email,
            password=password,
            name=name,
        )
        user.is_admin = True
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user


class UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser,PermissionsMixin):
    email = models.EmailField(
        verbose_name='email address',
        max_length=255,
        unique=True,
    )
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    role = models.ManyToManyField(Role, blank=True, null=True)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    #創建用戶和超級用戶，關聯上面的
    objects = UserProfileManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    #必須要有的字段
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

    def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
        "Does the user have a specific permission?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
        "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    def get_full_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    def get_short_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        "Is the user a member of staff?"
        # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff
        return self.is_admin

 

（3）crm/admin.py

from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField

from crm.models import UserProfile



class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
    fields, plus a repeated password."""
    password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)

    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ('email', 'name')

    #進行驗證
    def clean_password2(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        return password2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        # Save the provided password in hashed format
        #繼承基類的save()
        user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        #把明文密碼改成密文
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user


class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
    the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
    password hash display field.
    """
    #把密碼改成哈希的了
    password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()

    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ('email', 'password', 'name', 'is_active', 'is_superuser')

    def clean_password(self):
        # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
        # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
        # field does not have access to the initial value
        return self.initial["password"]


class UserProfileAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
    # The forms to add and change user instances
    form = UserChangeForm
    add_form = UserCreationForm

    # The fields to be used in displaying the User model.
    # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin
    # that reference specific fields on auth.User.
    list_display = ('email', 'name','is_superuser')
    list_filter = ('is_superuser',)
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
        ('Personal info', {'fields': ('name',)}),
        ('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_staff','is_active','role','user_permissions','groups','is_superuser')}),
    )
    # add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
    # overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user.
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, {
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'name', 'password1', 'password2')}
        ),
    )
    search_fields = ('email',)
    ordering = ('email',)
    filter_horizontal = ('role','user_permissions','groups')

# Now register the new UserProfileAdmin...
admin.site.register(UserProfile, UserProfileAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's built-in permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
# admin.site.unregister(Group)

 

第十四章、萬能通用權限框架設計

14.1.萬能通用權限框架設計

（1）kingadmin/permission_list.py

所有權限列表

# kingamdin/permission.py

perm_dic = {
    # 'crm_table_index': ['table_index', 'GET', [], {}, ],  # 可以查看CRM APP里所有數據庫表

    'crm_table_list': ['table_obj_list', 'GET', [], {}],  # 可以查看每張表里所有的數據
    # 'crm_table_list': ['table_obj_list', 'GET', [], {'source':0,'status':0}],  # 添加參數：只能訪問來源是qq和未報名的客戶
    'crm_table_list_view': ['table_obj_change',  'GET', [], {}],  # 可以訪問表里每條數據的修改頁
    'crm_table_list_change': ['table_obj_change', 'POST', [], {}],  # 可以對表里的每條數據進行修改
    'crm_table_list_add_view': ['table_obj_add ',  'GET', [], {}],  # 可以訪問數據增加頁
    'crm_table_list_add': ['table_obj_add ', 'POST', [], {}],  # 可以添加表數據

}

value[0]跟kingadmin/url.py里面的url_name一致

 

（2）kingadmin/permissions

# kingadmin/permissions.py

# from django.core.urlresolvers import resolve
from django.urls import resolve
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse
from kingadmin.permission_list import perm_dic
from django.conf import settings


def perm_check(*args,**kwargs):
    #1.獲取當前請求的url
    #2.把url解析成url_name（通過resolve）
    #3.判斷用戶是否已登錄（user.is_authenticated()）
    #3.拿url_name到permission_dict去匹配，匹配時要包括請求方法和參數
    #4.拿匹配到可權限key，調用user.has_perm(key)
    match_results = [None,]
    request = args[0]
    resolve_url_obj = resolve(request.path)
    #通過resolve解析出當前訪問的url_name
    current_url_name = resolve_url_obj.url_name
    print('---perm:',request.user,request.user.is_authenticated(),current_url_name)
    #match_flag = False
    match_key = None
    #判斷用戶是否登錄
    if request.user.is_authenticated() is False:
         return redirect(settings.LOGIN_URL)

    for permission_key,permission_val in  perm_dic.items():
        #key和value（值有四個參數）: 比如 'crm_table_index': ['table_index', 'GET', [], {}, ]
        per_url_name = permission_val[0]
        per_method  = permission_val[1]
        perm_args = permission_val[2]
        perm_kwargs = permission_val[3]

        #如果當前訪問的url_name匹配上了權限里面定義的url_name
        if per_url_name == current_url_name:
            #url_name匹配上，接着匹配方法（post,get....）
            if per_method == request.method:
                # if not  perm_args: #if no args defined in perm dic, then set this request to passed perm

                #逐個匹配參數，看每個參數是否都能對應的上。
                args_matched = False      #for args only
                for item in perm_args:
                    #通過反射獲取到request.xxx函數   這里request_methon_func = request.GET/request.POST
                    request_method_func = getattr(request,per_method)

                    if request_method_func.get(item,None):   # request字典中有此參數
                        args_matched = True
                    else:
                        print("arg not match......")
                        args_matched = False
                        break          # 有一個參數不能匹配成功，則判定為假，退出該循環。因為可能有很多參數，必須所有參數都一樣才匹配成功
                else:         # perm_dic里面的參數可能定義的就是空的，就走這里
                    args_matched = True

                #匹配有特定值的參數
                kwargs_matched = False
                for k,v in perm_kwargs.items():
                    request_method_func = getattr(request, per_method)
                    arg_val = request_method_func.get(k, None)  # request字典中有此參數
                    print("perm kwargs check:",arg_val,type(arg_val),v,type(v))
                    if arg_val == str(v): #匹配上了特定的參數 及對應的 參數值， 比如，需要request 對象里必須有一個叫 user_id=3的參數
                        kwargs_matched = True
                    else:
                        kwargs_matched = False
                        break # 有一個參數不能匹配成功，則判定為假，退出該循環。

                else:
                    kwargs_matched = True


                match_results = [args_matched,kwargs_matched]
                print("--->match_results ", match_results)
                #列表里面的元素都為真
                if all(match_results): #都匹配上了
                    match_key = permission_key
                    break

    if all(match_results):
        #主要是獲取到app_name
        app_name, *per_name = match_key.split('_')
        print("--->matched ",match_results,match_key)
        print(app_name, *per_name)
        #per_obj = 例如：crm.crm_obj_list
        perm_obj = '%s.%s' % (app_name,match_key)
        print("perm str:",perm_obj)
        if request.user.has_perm(perm_obj):
            print('當前用戶有此權限')
            return True
        else:
            print('當前用戶沒有該權限')
            return False

    else:
        print("未匹配到權限項，當前用戶無權限")


def check_permission(func):
    def inner(*args,**kwargs):
        if not perm_check(*args,**kwargs):
            request = args[0]
            return render(request,'kingadmin/page_403.html')
        return func(*args,**kwargs)
    return  inner

 獲取到表的名字的時候用到了 *per_name和split，具體用法解釋：

 

 

 

 

 

（3）page_403.html

{#kingadmin/templates/kingamdin/page_403.html#}

{% extends 'kingadmin/base.html' %}

{% block body %}
<div class="row col-lg-offset-2">
    <h1 style="font-size: 200px;">403</h1>
    <h4>You have no permission to access this page</h4>
</div>

{% endblock %}

 

（4）crm/models.py

Meta里面加入權限

class UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser,PermissionsMixin):
    email = models.EmailField(
        verbose_name='email address',
        max_length=255,
        unique=True,
    )

    name = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    role = models.ManyToManyField(Role, blank=True, null=True)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    #創建用戶和超級用戶，關聯上面的
    objects = UserProfileManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    #必須要有的字段
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

    # def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
    #     "Does the user have a specific permission?"
    #     # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
    #     return True
    #
    # def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
    #     "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
    #     # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
    #     return True

    def get_full_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    def get_short_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    # @property
    # def is_staff(self):
    #     "Is the user a member of staff?"
    #     # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff
    #     return self.is_admin

    class Meta:
        permissions = (
            ('crm_table_list','可以查看每張表里所有的數據'),
            ('crm_table_list_view','可以訪問表里每條數據的修改頁'),
            ('crm_table_list_change','可以對表里的每條數據進行修改'),
            ('crm_table_list_add_view','可以訪問數據增加頁'),
            ('crm_table_list_add','可以添加表數據'),
        )

 

 

 

（5）kingadmin/views.py加裝飾器

 

（6）admin后台管理權限

現在訪問客戶列表（還有增加修改頁面）是沒有權限的

 

必須在后台賦予權限才可以

 

 再訪問就可以了

 

14.2.自定義權限鈎子實現

 

只允許用戶訪問自己創建的數據，比如只允許銷售訪問自己創建的客戶：

（1）kingadmin/permission_list.py

'crm_table_list': ['table_obj_list', 'GET', [], {},permission_hook.view_my_own_customers], 

 

 （2）kingadmin/permission_hook.py

# kingadmin/permission_hook.py

def view_my_own_customers(request):
    #當前登錄的用戶id 等於客戶的顧問的id（銷售創建客戶的時候，顧問就是銷售自己）
    #實現銷售只能看自己的客戶功能
    if str(request.user.id) == request.GET.get('consultant'):
        return True
    else:
        return False

 

 （3）kingadmin/permissions.py

 

 現在銷售就只能看到自己創建的客戶了

 

 

 

這樣，萬通通用的權限框架就開發完畢了，權限的控制可大可小，而且想要移植到其它django項目時， 唯一需要改的，就是配置好perm_dic里的權限條目！