Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(七):SpringApplication 深入探索


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前言

在 Spring Boot 項目的啟動類中常見代碼如下:

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbotApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringbotApplication.class, args);
	}
}

其中也就兩個比較引人注意的地方:

  • @SpringBootApplication
  • SpringApplication.run()

對於第一個注解 @SpringBootApplication,我已經在博客 Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(六):Spring Boot 2.0中SpringBootApplication注解詳解 中詳細的講解了。接下來就是深入探究第二個了 SpringApplication.run()

換個姿勢

上面的姿勢太簡單了,只一行代碼就完事了。

SpringApplication.run(SpringbotApplication.class, args);

其實是支持做一些個性化的設置,接下來我們換個姿勢瞧瞧:

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbotApplication {  
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(SpringbotApplication.class);
 		// 自定義應用程序的配置
 		//app.setXxx()
 		app.run(args)
	}
}

沒錯,就是通過一個構造函數,然后設置相關的屬性,從而達到定制化服務。有哪些屬性呢?

SpringApplicationFileds

屬性對應的 get/set 方法

springapplication_getset

看到沒,還很多呢!

舉個例子:你想把 Spring Boot 項目的默認 Banner 換成你自己的,就需要在這里如下:

public static void main(String[] args) {
//		SpringApplication.run(Springboot2Application.class, args);
  SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(Springboot2Application.class);
  application.setBanner((environment, sourceClass, out) -> {
    //這里打印一個logo
    System.out.println("      _      _       _\n" +
                       "     | |    (_)     | |\n" +
                       " ____| |__   _  ___ | |__    ___  _ __    __ _\n" +
                       "|_  /| '_ \\ | |/ __|| '_ \\  / _ \\| '_ \\  / _` |\n" +
                       " / / | | | || |\\__ \\| | | ||  __/| | | || (_| |\n" +
                       "/___||_| |_||_||___/|_| |_| \\___||_| |_| \\__, |\n" +
                       "                                          __/ |\n" +
                       "                                         |___/\n");
  });
  application.setBannerMode(Banner.Mode.CONSOLE);
  //你還可以干其他的定制化初始設置
  application.run(args);
}

現在重啟項目,你就會發現,控制台的 logo 已經換成你自己的了。

banner

當然了,你可能會覺得這樣寫有點復雜,嗯嗯,確實,這樣硬編碼在代碼里確實不太友好。你還可以在src/main/resources路徑下新建一個banner.txt文件,banner.txt中填寫好需要打印的字符串內容即可。

從該類中可以看到在 Spring Boot 2 中引入了個新的 WebApplicationType 和 WebEnvironment。

springapplication-002

webapplicationtype

springapplication-003

確實,這也是 Spring Boot 2 中比較大的特性,它是支持響應式編程的。我之前在文章 Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(二):Spring Boot 2.0 新特性詳解 中也介紹過,以后有機會會介紹它的,這里我先賣個關子。

SpringApplication 初始化

SpringApplication.run()  的實現才是我們要深入探究的主角,該方法代碼如下:

//靜態方法,可用於使用默認配置運行 SpringApplication
public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?> primarySource,
      String... args) {
  return run(new Class<?>[] { primarySource }, args);
}
public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?>[] primarySources,
			String[] args) {
  return new SpringApplication(primarySources).run(args);
}

在這個靜態方法中,創建 SpringApplication 對象,並調用該對象的 run 方法。

public SpringApplication(Class<?>... primarySources) {
  this(null, primarySources);
}
//創建一個 SpringApplication 實例,應用上下文會根據指定的主要資源加載 beans ,實例在調用 run 方法之前可以定制化
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
public SpringApplication(ResourceLoader resourceLoader, Class<?>... primarySources) {
  this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
  Assert.notNull(primarySources, "PrimarySources must not be null");
  this.primarySources = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(primarySources));
  this.webApplicationType = deduceWebApplicationType();
  setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
    ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
  setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
  this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}

首先是進入單個參數的構造方法,然后進入兩參數的構造方法(ResourceLoader 為 null),然后進行初始化。

1、deduceWebApplicationType() : 推斷應用的類型 ,創建的是一個 SERVLET 應用還是 REACTIVE應用或者是 NONE

private static final String REACTIVE_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS = "org.springframework.web.reactive.DispatcherHandler";
private static final String MVC_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS = "org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet";
private static final String[] WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES = { "javax.servlet.Servlet",
			"org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext" };

private WebApplicationType deduceWebApplicationType() {
  if (ClassUtils.isPresent(REACTIVE_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS, null)
      && !ClassUtils.isPresent(MVC_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS, null)) {
    return WebApplicationType.REACTIVE;	//該程序是 REACTIVE 程序
  }
  for (String className : WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES) {
    if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(className, null)) {
      return WebApplicationType.NONE;	//該程序為 NONE
    }
  }
  return WebApplicationType.SERVLET;	//默認返回是 SERVLET 程序
}

2、setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class)):初始化 classpath 下的所有的可用的 ApplicationContextInitializer。

1)、getSpringFactoriesInstances()

private <T> Collection<T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type) {
  return getSpringFactoriesInstances(type, new Class<?>[] {});
}
//獲取所有的 Spring 工廠實例
private <T> Collection<T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {
  ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
  // Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates
  Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<>(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader)); //獲取所有 Spring Factories 的名字
  List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes,
                                                     classLoader, args, names);
  AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances); //Spring 工廠實例排序
  return instances;
}
//根據讀取到的名字創建對象(Spring 工廠實例)
private <T> List<T> createSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
 Class<?>[] parameterTypes, ClassLoader classLoader, Object[] args, Set<String> names) {
  List<T> instances = new ArrayList<>(names.size());
  for (String name : names) {
    try {
      Class<?> instanceClass = ClassUtils.forName(name, classLoader);
      Assert.isAssignable(type, instanceClass);
      Constructor<?> constructor = instanceClass.getDeclaredConstructor(parameterTypes);
      T instance = (T) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructor, args);
      instances.add(instance);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
        "Cannot instantiate " + type + " : " + name, ex);
    }
  }
  return instances;
}

上面的 SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames() ,是從 META-INF/spring.factories 的資源文件中,讀取 key 為org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer 的 value。

springfactoriesloader

而 spring.factories 的部分內容如下:

2018-05-01_22-21-20

可以看到,最近的得到的,是 ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer,ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer,DelegatingApplicationContextInitializer,ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer 這四個類的名字。

2)、setInitializers():

public void setInitializers(
			Collection<? extends ApplicationContextInitializer<?>> initializers) {
  this.initializers = new ArrayList<>();
  this.initializers.addAll(initializers);
}

所以,這里 setInitializers() 所得到的成員變量 initializers 就被初始化為ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer,ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer,DelegatingApplicationContextInitializer,ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer 這四個類的對象組成的 list。

3、setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class)):初始化 classpath 下的所有的可用的 ApplicationListener。

1)、getSpringFactoriesInstances() 和上面的類似,但是它是從 META-INF/spring.factories 的資源文件中,獲取到 key 為 org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener 的 value。

2018-05-01_22-33-56

2)、setListeners():

public void setListeners(Collection<? extends ApplicationListener<?>> listeners) {
  this.listeners = new ArrayList<>();
  this.listeners.addAll(listeners);
}

所以,這里 setListeners() 所得到的成員變量 listeners 就被初始化為 ClearCachesApplicationListener,ParentContextCloserApplicationListener,FileEncodingApplicationListener,AnsiOutputApplicationListener ,ConfigFileApplicationListener,DelegatingApplicationListener,ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener,LoggingApplicationListener,LiquibaseServiceLocatorApplicationListener 這九個類的對象組成的 list。

4、deduceMainApplicationClass() :根據調用棧,推斷出 main 方法的類名

private Class<?> deduceMainApplicationClass() {
  try {
    StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = new RuntimeException().getStackTrace();
    for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stackTrace) {
      if ("main".equals(stackTraceElement.getMethodName())) {
        return Class.forName(stackTraceElement.getClassName());
      }
    }
  }
  catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
    // Swallow and continue
  }
  return null;
}

run 方法背后的秘密

上面看完了構造方法后,已經初始化了一個 SpringApplication 對象,接下來調用其 run 方法,代碼如下:

//運行 Spring 應用程序,創建並刷新一個新的 ApplicationContext
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
		StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
		stopWatch.start();
		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
		Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList<>();
		configureHeadlessProperty();
		SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
		listeners.starting();
		try {
			ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
					args);
			ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
					applicationArguments);
			configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
			Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
			context = createApplicationContext();
			exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances(
					SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,
					new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context);
			prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
					printedBanner);
			refreshContext(context);
			afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
			stopWatch.stop();
			if (this.logStartupInfo) {
				new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
						.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
			}
			listeners.started(context);
			callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, listeners);
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		try {
			listeners.running(context);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, null);
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		return context;
	}

可變個數參數 args 即是我們整個應用程序的入口 main 方法的參數。StopWatch 是來自 org.springframework.util 的工具類,可以用來方便的記錄程序的運行時間。

再來看看 1.5.12 與 2.0.1 版本的 run 方法 有什么不一樣的地方?

difference-1.5-2.0

接下來好好分析上面新版本(2.0.1)的 run 方法的代碼並配合比較舊版本(1.5.12)。

1、configureHeadlessProperty():設置 headless 模式

private static final String SYSTEM_PROPERTY_JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS = "java.awt.headless";
private boolean headless = true;

private void configureHeadlessProperty() {
  System.setProperty(SYSTEM_PROPERTY_JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS, System.getProperty(
    SYSTEM_PROPERTY_JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS, Boolean.toString(this.headless)));
}

實際上是就是設置系統屬性 java.awt.headless,該屬性會被設置為 true。

2、getRunListeners():加載 SpringApplicationRunListener 對象

 //TODO:  xxx
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);//初始化監聽器
listeners.starting();
try {
  prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
  refreshContext(context);
  afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
  listeners.started(context);
  callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
}
try {
  listeners.running(context);
}

private SpringApplicationRunListeners getRunListeners(String[] args) {
  Class<?>[] types = new Class<?>[] { SpringApplication.class, String[].class };
  return new SpringApplicationRunListeners(logger, getSpringFactoriesInstances(
    SpringApplicationRunListener.class, types, this, args));
}

3、new DefaultApplicationArguments(args) :獲取啟動時傳入參數 args(main 方法傳進來的參數) 並初始化為 ApplicationArguments 對象。

public DefaultApplicationArguments(String[] args) {
  Assert.notNull(args, "Args must not be null");
  this.source = new Source(args);
  this.args = args;
}

4、prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments):根據 listeners 和 applicationArguments 配置SpringBoot 應用的環境。

private ConfigurableEnvironment prepareEnvironment(
  SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners, ApplicationArguments applicationArguments) {
  // Create and configure the environment
  ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment();
  configureEnvironment(environment, applicationArguments.getSourceArgs());
  listeners.environmentPrepared(environment);
  bindToSpringApplication(environment);
  if (this.webApplicationType == WebApplicationType.NONE) {
    environment = new EnvironmentConverter(getClassLoader())
      .convertToStandardEnvironmentIfNecessary(environment);
  }
  ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
  return environment;
}
//如果 environment 不為空,直接 get 到,否則創建
private ConfigurableEnvironment getOrCreateEnvironment() {
  if (this.environment != null) {
    return this.environment;
  }
  if (this.webApplicationType == WebApplicationType.SERVLET) {
    return new StandardServletEnvironment();
  }
  return new StandardEnvironment();
}
//配置環境
protected void configureEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment,String[] args) {
  configurePropertySources(environment, args);//配置要使用的PropertySources
  configureProfiles(environment, args);//配置要使用的Profiles
}
//將環境綁定到 SpringApplication
protected void bindToSpringApplication(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
  try {
    Binder.get(environment).bind("spring.main", Bindable.ofInstance(this));
  }
  catch (Exception ex) {
    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot bind to SpringApplication", ex);
  }
}

5、configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment):根據環境信息配置要忽略的 bean 信息

public static final String IGNORE_BEANINFO_PROPERTY_NAME = "spring.beaninfo.ignore";

private void configureIgnoreBeanInfo(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
  if (System.getProperty(
    CachedIntrospectionResults.IGNORE_BEANINFO_PROPERTY_NAME) == null) {
    Boolean ignore = environment.getProperty("spring.beaninfo.ignore",
                                             Boolean.class, Boolean.TRUE);
    System.setProperty(CachedIntrospectionResults.IGNORE_BEANINFO_PROPERTY_NAME,
                       ignore.toString());
  }
}

6、printBanner(environment):打印標志,上面我已經說過了。

private Banner printBanner(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
  if (this.bannerMode == Banner.Mode.OFF) {	//如果設置為 off,不打印 Banner
    return null;
  }
  ResourceLoader resourceLoader = this.resourceLoader != null ? this.resourceLoader
    : new DefaultResourceLoader(getClassLoader());
  SpringApplicationBannerPrinter bannerPrinter = new SpringApplicationBannerPrinter(
    resourceLoader, this.banner);
  if (this.bannerMode == Mode.LOG) {
    return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, logger);
  }
  return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, System.out);
}

7、createApplicationContext():根據應用類型來確定該 Spring Boot 項目應該創建什么類型的 ApplicationContext ,默認情況下,如果沒有明確設置的應用程序上下文或應用程序上下文類,該方法會在返回合適的默認值。

public static final String DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS = "org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext";
public static final String DEFAULT_REACTIVE_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS = "org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.context.AnnotationConfigReactiveWebServerApplicationContext";
public static final String DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS = "org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext";

protected ConfigurableApplicationContext createApplicationContext() {
  Class<?> contextClass = this.applicationContextClass;
  if (contextClass == null) {
    try {
      switch (this.webApplicationType) {	//根據應用程序的類型來初始化容器
        case SERVLET:	//servlet 應用程序
          contextClass = Class.forName(DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS);
          break;
        case REACTIVE:	//reactive 應用程序
          contextClass = Class.forName(DEFAULT_REACTIVE_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS);
          break;
        default:		//默認
          contextClass = Class.forName(DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS);
      }
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
  throw new IllegalStateException(
    "Unable create a default ApplicationContext,please specify an 		    ApplicationContextClass",ex);
    }
  }
  //最后通過Spring的工具類 BeanUtils 初始化容器類 bean
  return (ConfigurableApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
}

來看看在 1.5.12 中是怎么樣的?

createApplicationContext

8、exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances( SpringBootExceptionReporter.class, new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context)

private <T> Collection<T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
            Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {
  ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
  // Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates
  Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<>(
    SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));
  List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes,
       classLoader, args, names);//根據類型 key 為 SpringBootExceptionReporter 去加載
  AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);//對實例排序
  return instances;
}

這里也是通過 SpringFactoriesLoader 加載 META-INF/spring.factories 中 key 為 SpringBootExceptionReporter 的。

springbootexception

9、prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner):完成整個容器的創建與啟動以及 bean 的注入功能。

//裝配 Context
private void prepareContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context,
   ConfigurableEnvironment environment, SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
   ApplicationArguments applicationArguments, Banner printedBanner) {
  //將之前准備好的 environment 設置給創建好的 ApplicationContext 使用
  context.setEnvironment(environment);
  //1、
  postProcessApplicationContext(context);
  //2、
  applyInitializers(context);
  listeners.contextPrepared(context);
  if (this.logStartupInfo) {//啟動日志
    logStartupInfo(context.getParent() == null);
    logStartupProfileInfo(context);
  }
  // Add boot specific singleton beans
  context.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton("springApplicationArguments",
                                             applicationArguments);
  if (printedBanner != null) {
    context.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton("springBootBanner", printedBanner);
  }
  // Load the sources
  Set<Object> sources = getAllSources();
  Assert.notEmpty(sources, "Sources must not be empty");
  //3、
  load(context, sources.toArray(new Object[0]));
  listeners.contextLoaded(context);
}

1)、postProcessApplicationContext(context)

public static final String CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR = "org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationBeanNameGenerator";

protected void postProcessApplicationContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
  if (this.beanNameGenerator != null) {
    context.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton(
      AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR,
      this.beanNameGenerator);
  }
  if (this.resourceLoader != null) {
    if (context instanceof GenericApplicationContext) {
      ((GenericApplicationContext) context)
      .setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
    }
    if (context instanceof DefaultResourceLoader) {
      ((DefaultResourceLoader) context)
      .setClassLoader(this.resourceLoader.getClassLoader());
    }
  }
}

該方法對 context 進行了預設置,設置了 ResourceLoader 和 ClassLoader,並向 bean 工廠中添加了一個beanNameGenerator 。

2)、applyInitializers(context)

protected void applyInitializers(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
  for (ApplicationContextInitializer initializer : getInitializers()) {
    Class<?> requiredType = GenericTypeResolver.resolveTypeArgument(
      initializer.getClass(), ApplicationContextInitializer.class);
    Assert.isInstanceOf(requiredType, context, "Unable to call initializer.");
    initializer.initialize(context);
  }
}

在刷新之前將任何 ApplicationContextInitializer 應用於上下文

3)、load(context, sources.toArray(new Object[0]))

主要是加載各種 beans 到 ApplicationContext 對象中。

protected void load(ApplicationContext context, Object[] sources) {
  BeanDefinitionLoader loader = createBeanDefinitionLoader( //2
    getBeanDefinitionRegistry(context), sources);// 1
  if (this.beanNameGenerator != null) {
    loader.setBeanNameGenerator(this.beanNameGenerator);
  }
  if (this.resourceLoader != null) {
    loader.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
  }
  if (this.environment != null) {
    loader.setEnvironment(this.environment);
  }
  loader.load();//3
}

(1)、getBeanDefinitionRegistry(context)

獲取 bean 定義注冊表

private BeanDefinitionRegistry getBeanDefinitionRegistry(ApplicationContext context) {
  if (context instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
    return (BeanDefinitionRegistry) context;
  }
  if (context instanceof AbstractApplicationContext) {
    return (BeanDefinitionRegistry) ((AbstractApplicationContext) context)
      .getBeanFactory();
  }
  throw new IllegalStateException("Could not locate BeanDefinitionRegistry");
}

(2)、createBeanDefinitionLoader()

通過 BeanDefinitionLoader 的構造方法把參數(注冊表、資源)傳進去,然后創建 BeanDefinitionLoader。

(3)、load()

把資源全部加載。

10、refreshContext(context)

private void refreshContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
  refresh(context);//1
  if (this.registerShutdownHook) {
    try {
      context.registerShutdownHook();
    }
    catch (AccessControlException ex) {
      // Not allowed in some environments.
    }
  }
}
//刷新底層的 ApplicationContext
protected void refresh(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
  Assert.isInstanceOf(AbstractApplicationContext.class, applicationContext);
  ((AbstractApplicationContext) applicationContext).refresh();
}

refreshContext(context) 方法又調用了 refresh(context)。在調用了 refresh(context) 方法之后,調用了 registerShutdownHook 方法。繼續看它的 refresh 方法:

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
  synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
    // Prepare this context for refreshing.
    prepareRefresh();
    // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
    // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
    prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    try {
      // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
      postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
      // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
      invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
      // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
      registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
      // Initialize message source for this context.
      initMessageSource();
      // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
      initApplicationEventMulticaster();
      // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
      onRefresh();
      // Check for listener beans and register them.
      registerListeners();
      // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
      finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); //1
      // Last step: publish corresponding event.
      finishRefresh();
    } catch (BeansException ex) {
      。。。
        // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
        destroyBeans();
      // Reset 'active' flag.
      cancelRefresh(ex);
      // Propagate exception to caller.
      throw ex;
    } finally {
      // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
      // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
      resetCommonCaches();
    }
  }
}

到這里,我們就看見重點了,仔細看上的注釋,正在做各種初始化工作,而今天我們關注的重點就是方法 finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)。該方法進行了非懶加載 beans 的初始化工作。現在我們進入該方法內部,一探究竟。

finishbeanFactoryini

看上圖方法中的最后一步,調用了 beanFactory 的 preInstantiateSingletons() 方法。此處的 beanFactory 是哪個類的實例對象呢?

2018-05-02_16-17-50

可以看到 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory 接口的實現類只有 DefaultListableBeanFactory,我們看下實現類中的 preInstantiateSingletons 方法是怎么做的。

public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
  // Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
  // While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
  List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

  // Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
  for (String beanName : beanNames) {
    RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
    if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
      if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
        Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
        if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
          final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
          boolean isEagerInit;
         if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean){
            isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
             ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit, getAccessControlContext());
          } else {
            isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
                           ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
          }
          if (isEagerInit) {
            getBean(beanName);
          }
        }
      } else {
        getBean(beanName);
      }
    }
  }

  // Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
  for (String beanName : beanNames) {
    Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
    if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
      final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
      if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
        AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
          smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
          return null;
        }, getAccessControlContext());
      } else {
        smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
      }
    }
  }
}

從上面的代碼中可以看到很多調用了 getBean(beanName) 方法,跟蹤此方法進去后,最終發現 getBean 調用了AbstractBeanFactory 類的 doGetBean(xxx) 方法,doGetBean(xxx) 方法中有這么一段代碼:

2018-05-02_17-17-39

2018-05-02_17-19-31

但是 createBean() 方法並沒有得到實現,實現類在 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory 中。這才是創建 bean 的核心方法。

createBean

不知不覺,代碼看的越來越深,感覺思維都差點回不去 run 方法了,切回大腦的上下文線程到 run 方法去。

11、afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments):在上下文刷新后調用該方法,其內部沒有做任何操作。

2018-05-02_17-43-23

發現沒做任何操作了之后,就覺得有點奇怪,所以把當前版本和 1.5.12 對比了下,發現:

afterRefresh

在 1.5.12 中的 afterRefresh() 方法中調用了 callRunners() 方法,但是在 2.0.1 版本中的 run 方法中調用了 callRunners () 方法:

2018-05-02_17-57-52

這里不得不說 SpringApplicationRunListeners 在 2.0.1 中的改變:

2018-05-02_18-28-17

可以發現在 run 方法中,SpringApplicationRunListeners 監聽器的狀態花生了變化,這也是通過對比不同版本的代碼才知道的區別,所以說我們看源碼需要多對比着看。

so,我們來看下這個 SpringApplicationRunListeners 這個接口:

2018-05-02_18-33-20

started 狀態:The context has been refreshed and the application has started but CommandLineRunner and ApplicationRunner have not been called

running 狀態:Called immediately before the run method finishes, when the application context has been refreshed and all CommandLineRunner and ApplicationRunners have been called.

相關文章

1、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(一):Spring Boot 2.0 遷移指南

2、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(二):Spring Boot 2.0 新特性詳解

3、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(三):Spring Boot 2.0 配置改變

4、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(四):Spring Boot 2.0 源碼閱讀環境搭建

5、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(五):Spring Boot 2.0 項目源碼結構預覽

6、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(六):Spring boot 2.0 中 SpringBootApplication 注解詳解

7、Spring Boot 2.0系列文章(七):SpringApplication 深入探索

總結

本文從源碼級別分析了 Spring Boot 應用程序的啟動過程,着重看了 SpringApplication 類中的 run 方法其內部實現,並把涉及到的流程代碼都過了一遍。

感悟:有時候跟代碼跟着跟着,發現越陷越深,好難跳出來!后面還需多向別人請教閱讀源碼的技巧!

最后

雖然源碼很難,但隨着不斷的探索,源碼在你面前將會一覽無遺,享受這種探索后的成就感!加油!騷年!

自己本人能力有限,源碼看的不多,上面如有不對的還請留言交流。


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