NetCore+Dapper WebApi架構搭建（四）：倉儲的依賴注入

上一節我們講到實體，倉儲接口和倉儲接口的實現需要遵循約定的命名規范，不僅是規范，而且為了依賴注入，現在我們實現倉儲的依賴注入

在NetCore WebApi項目中新添加一個文件夾（Unit），當然你也可以直接放在根目錄下面，關鍵是后期類增加了你會找對地方，看起來不是那么亂，添加一個RuntimeHelper

我先說一下實現倉儲依賴注入的基本思路，就是通過反射獲取所有的程序集，然后在程序集中找到 I+實體+Repository的接口和 實體+Repository的實現類，然后在依賴注入容器中注冊他們的對應關系

所以這個RuntimeHelper很明顯是通過反射獲取程序集使用的

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyModel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Loader;

namespace Dinner.WebApi.Unit
{
    [ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi=true)]
    public class RuntimeHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取項目程序集，排除所有的系統程序集(Microsoft.***、System.***等)、Nuget下載包
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IList<Assembly> GetAllAssemblies()
        {
            List<Assembly> list = new List<Assembly>();
            var deps = DependencyContext.Default;
            //排除所有的系統程序集、Nuget下載包
            var libs = deps.CompileLibraries.Where(lib => !lib.Serviceable && lib.Type != "package");
            foreach (var lib in libs)
            {
                try
                {
                    var assembly = AssemblyLoadContext.Default.LoadFromAssemblyName(new AssemblyName(lib.Name));
                    list.Add(assembly);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    //
                }
            }
            return list;
        }

        public static Assembly GetAssembly(string assemblyName)
        {
            return GetAllAssemblies().FirstOrDefault(f => f.FullName.Contains(assemblyName));
        }

        public static IList<Type> GetAllTypes()
        {
            List<Type> list = new List<Type>();
            foreach (var assembly in GetAllAssemblies())
            {
                var typeinfos = assembly.DefinedTypes;
                foreach (var typeinfo in typeinfos)
                {
                    list.Add(typeinfo.AsType());
                }
            }
            return list;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根據AssemblyName獲取所有的類
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="assemblyName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IList<Type> GetTypesByAssembly(string assemblyName)
        {
            List<Type> list = new List<Type>();
            var assembly = AssemblyLoadContext.Default.LoadFromAssemblyName(new AssemblyName(assemblyName));
            var typeinfos = assembly.DefinedTypes;
            foreach (var typeinfo in typeinfos)
            {
                list.Add(typeinfo.AsType());
            }
            return list;
        }

        public static Type GetImplementType(string typeName, Type baseInterfaceType)
        {
            return GetAllTypes().FirstOrDefault(t =>
            {
                if (t.Name == typeName && t.GetTypeInfo().GetInterfaces().Any(b => b.Name == baseInterfaceType.Name))
                {
                    var typeinfo = t.GetTypeInfo();
                    return typeinfo.IsClass && !typeinfo.IsAbstract && !typeinfo.IsGenericType;
                }
                return false;
            });
        }
    }
}

上面的那個[ApiExplorerSettings(IgnoreApi=true)]是使用Swagger時使用的，這個我們后面會講

上面的類就是是反射對程序集的操作

這個我們要使用第三方的Autofac依賴注入框架，所以先引入Nuget包：Autofac.Configuration和Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection

下面打開startUp.cs類

先把ConfigureServices方法的返回值由void變為IServiceProvider

然后在ConfigureServices的AddMvc()之后添加下面代碼

#region 依賴注入

            var builder = new ContainerBuilder();//實例化容器
            //注冊所有模塊module
            builder.RegisterAssemblyModules(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
            //獲取所有的程序集
            //var assemblys = BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies().Cast<Assembly>().ToArray();
            var assemblys = RuntimeHelper.GetAllAssemblies().ToArray();

            //注冊所有繼承IDependency接口的類
            builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes().Where(type => typeof(IDependency).IsAssignableFrom(type) && !type.IsAbstract);
            //注冊倉儲，所有IRepository接口到Repository的映射
            builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblys).Where(t => t.Name.EndsWith("Repository") && !t.Name.StartsWith("I")).AsImplementedInterfaces();
            //注冊服務，所有IApplicationService到ApplicationService的映射
            //builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblys).Where(t => t.Name.EndsWith("AppService") && !t.Name.StartsWith("I")).AsImplementedInterfaces();
            builder.Populate(services);
            ApplicationContainer = builder.Build();

            return new AutofacServiceProvider(ApplicationContainer); //第三方IOC接管 core內置DI容器 
            //return services.BuilderInterceptableServiceProvider(builder => builder.SetDynamicProxyFactory());
            #endregion

這樣以來注入就可以了

現在添加一個UsersController進行測試

using Dinner.Dapper.Entities;
using Dinner.Dapper.IRepository;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Dinner.WebApi.Controllers
{

    [Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
    public class UsersController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IUserRepository userRepository;
        public UsersController(IUserRepository _userRepository)
        {
            userRepository = _userRepository;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取所有用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// 
        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<JsonResult> GetUsers()
        {
            List<Users> list = await userRepository.GetUsers();
            return Json(list);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 新增用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="entity"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public async Task PostUser(Users entity)
        {
            entity.Password = Dapper.Helpers.Encrypt.Md5(entity.Password).ToUpper();
            await userRepository.PostUser(entity);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改用戶信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="entity"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPut]
        public async Task PutUser(Users entity)
        {
            try
            {
                entity.Password = Dapper.Helpers.Encrypt.Md5(entity.Password).ToUpper();
                await userRepository.PutUser(entity);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 刪除用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Id"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpDelete]
        public async Task DeleteUser(Guid Id)
        {
            try
            {
                await userRepository.DeleteUser(Id);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

自己測試一下倉儲的增刪改查吧，看看寫的有問題沒有

下一節我們講解Swagger構建WebApi界面

贈送一個Framework版本的依賴注入

#region autofac IOC容器配置
            var builder = new ContainerBuilder();

            //注冊所有的controller
            builder.RegisterControllers(typeof(MvcApplication).Assembly).PropertiesAutowired();
            //注冊所有模塊module
            builder.RegisterAssemblyModules(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());

            var assemblys = BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies().Cast<Assembly>().ToArray();

            //注冊所有繼承IDependency接口的類
            builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblys)
            .Where(type => typeof(IDependency).IsAssignableFrom(type) && !type.IsAbstract);

            //注冊服務，所有IxxxxRepository=>xxxxRepository
            builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblys).Where(t => t.Name.EndsWith("Repository") && !t.Name.StartsWith("I")).AsImplementedInterfaces();
          
            var container = builder.Build();

            BaseInfo._container = container;

            DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container));
            #endregion

 

源碼地址： https://github.com/wangyulong0505/Dinner