（十）while和until循環

（1）while循環

語法：當條件測試成立（真），執行循環體
while 條件測試
do
循環體
done

1）while批量創建用戶1

從user.txt讀取到的行數據賦予給變量user值

#!/bin/bash
while read user 
do
        id $user &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "user $user is already exists!"
        else
                useradd $user
                if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                        echo "user $user is created!"
                fi
        fi
done <user.txt

cat user.txt
jack01
jack02
jack03
jack04

2）while批量創建用戶2

while默認空格作為分割，非常適合處理文件

#!/bin/bash
while read line
do
        {
        user=$(echo $line|awk '{print $1}')
        pass=$(echo $line|awk '{print $2}')
        id $user &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "user $user is already exists!"
        else
                useradd $user
                echo $pass | passwd --stdin $user &>/dev/null
                if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                        echo "user $user is created!"
                fi
        fi
        }&
done <$1
wait
echo "all ok....."

# cat user2.txt 
jack001 123
jack002	123
jack03	123
jack04	123

3）while對有空行文件的處理方式

#!/bin/bash
while read line
do
        if [ ${#line} -eq 0 ];then
                continue
        fi
        {
        user=$(echo $line|awk '{print $1}')
        pass=$(echo $line|awk '{print $2}')
        id $user &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "user $user is already exists!"
        else
                useradd $user
                echo $pass | passwd --stdin $user &>/dev/null
                if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                        echo "user $user is created!"
                fi
        fi
        }&
done <$1
wait
echo "all ok....."

（2）until循環

語法：當條件測試成立（假），執行循環體
until 條件測試
do
循環體
done

#!/bin/bash
ip=114.114.114.114
until ping -c1 -W1 $ip &>/dev/null
do
        sleep 1
done
echo "$ip is up"

（3）for,while,until 循環ping比較

#!/bin/bash
for i in {2..209}
do
        {
        ip=192.168.111.$i
        ping -c1 -W1  $ip &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "$ip is up"
        fi
        }&
done
wait
echo "all done...."

#!/bin/bash
i=2
while [ $i -le 254 ]
do
        {
        ip=192.168.111.$i
        ping -c1 -W1  $ip &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "$ip is up"
        fi
        }&
        let i++
done
wait
echo "all done...."

#!/bin/bash
i=2
until [ $i -gt 254 ]
do
        {
        ip=192.168.111.$i
        ping -c1 -W1  $ip &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "$ip is up"
        fi
        }&
        let i++
done
wait
echo "all done...."

（4）for,while,until 循環求1到100的和

#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..100}
do
        #let sum=$sum+$i
        let sum+=$i
done
echo "sum:$sum"

#!/bin/bash
i=1
sum=0
while [ $i -le 100 ]
do
        #let sum=$sum+$i
        let sum+=$i
        let i++
done
echo "sum:$sum"

#!/bin/bash
i=1
until [ $i -gt 100 ]
do
        #let sum=$sum+$i
        let sum+=$i
        let i++
done
echo "sum:$sum"

總結：循環次數固定建議使用for循環，循環文件建議使用while循環，循環次數不固定建議使用while和until循環