目錄
生鮮超市（十） 生鮮超市（十一） 生鮮超市（十二） 生鮮超市（十三）
代碼下載
教程
學習自慕課網-前端vue結合后端DjangoFramework的在線生鮮超市
十、購物車、訂單管理和支付功能
10.1.添加商品到購物車
（1）trade/serializer.py
# trade/serializer.py __author__ = 'derek' from .models import ShoppingCart from rest_framework import serializers from goods.models import Goods class ShopCartSerializer(serializers.Serializer): #獲取當前登錄的用戶 user = serializers.HiddenField( default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault() ) nums = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, label="數量",min_value=1, error_messages={ "min_value":"商品數量不能小於一", "required": "請選擇購買數量" }) #這里是繼承Serializer，必須指定queryset對象，如果繼承ModelSerializer則不需要指定 #goods是一個外鍵，可以通過這方法獲取goods object中所有的值 goods = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(required=True, queryset=Goods.objects.all()) #繼承的Serializer沒有save功能，必須寫一個create方法 def create(self, validated_data): # validated_data是已經處理過的數據 #獲取當前用戶 # view中:self.request.user；serizlizer中:self.context["request"].user user = self.context["request"].user nums = validated_data["nums"] goods = validated_data["goods"] existed = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=user, goods=goods) #如果購物車中有記錄，數量+1 #如果購物車車沒有記錄，就創建 if existed: existed = existed[0] existed.nums += nums existed.save() else: #添加到購物車 existed = ShoppingCart.objects.create(**validated_data) return existed
（2）trade/views.py
# trade/views.py from rest_framework import viewsets from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication from .serializers import ShopCartSerializer from .models import ShoppingCart class ShoppingCartViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet): """ 購物車功能 list: 獲取購物車詳情 create： 加入購物車 delete： 刪除購物記錄 """ permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly) authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication) serializer_class = ShopCartSerializer def get_queryset(self): return ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user
（3）配置url
# 配置購物車的url router.register(r'shopcarts', ShoppingCartViewset, base_name="shopcarts")
10.1.添加購物車數量
Serializer繼承BaseSerializer，但是Seriazer中並沒有重新update方法，所有添加一個update方法
trade/serializer.py
def update(self, instance, validated_data): # 修改商品數量 instance.nums = validated_data["nums"] instance.save() return instance
在view中要把商品id傳過去
lookup_field = "goods_id"
10.3.vue和購物車接口聯調
購物車中可以看商品詳情，需要寫一個商品詳情的serializer,所有在view中需要動態設置serializer
（1）trade/serializer.py
class ShopCartDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): ''' 購物車商品詳情信息 ''' # 一個購物車對應一個商品 goods = GoodsSerializer(many=False, read_only=True) class Meta: model = ShoppingCart fields = ("goods", "nums")
（2）trade/views.py
需要動態選擇serializer
def get_serializer_class(self): if self.action == 'list': return ShopCartDetailSerializer else: return ShopCartSerializer
10.4.訂單管理接口
（1）trade/serializer.py
用戶添加商品到購物車，點去購物車結算，填上地址留言，結算生成訂單，在會員中心我的訂單里面，可以看到訂單列表，點訂單可以看到訂單的詳細信息。
#訂單中的商品 class OrderGoodsSerialzier(serializers.ModelSerializer): goods = GoodsSerializer(many=False) class Meta: model = OrderGoods fields = "__all__" #訂單商品信息 # goods字段需要嵌套一個OrderGoodsSerializer class OrderDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): goods = OrderGoodsSerialzier(many=True) class Meta: model = OrderInfo fields = "__all__" class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): user = serializers.HiddenField( default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault() ) #生成訂單的時候這些不用post pay_status = serializers.CharField(read_only=True) trade_no = serializers.CharField(read_only=True) order_sn = serializers.CharField(read_only=True) pay_time = serializers.DateTimeField(read_only=True) nonce_str = serializers.CharField(read_only=True) pay_type = serializers.CharField(read_only=True) def generate_order_sn(self): #生成訂單號 # 當前時間+userid+隨機數 from random import Random random_ins = Random() order_sn = "{time_str}{userid}{ranstr}".format(time_str=time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S"), userid=self.context["request"].user.id, ranstr=random_ins.randint(10, 99)) return order_sn def validate(self, attrs): #validate中添加order_sn，然后在view中就可以save attrs["order_sn"] = self.generate_order_sn() return attrs class Meta: model = OrderInfo fields = "__all__"
（2）trade/views.py
class OrderViewset(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet): """ 訂單管理 list: 獲取個人訂單 delete: 刪除訂單 create： 新增訂單 """ permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly) authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication) serializer_class = OrderSerializer #動態配置serializer def get_serializer_class(self): if self.action == "retrieve": return OrderDetailSerializer return OrderSerializer #獲取訂單列表 def get_queryset(self): return OrderInfo.objects.filter(user=self.request.user) #在訂單提交保存之前還需要多兩步步驟，所以這里自定義perform_create方法 #1.將購物車中的商品保存到OrderGoods中 #2.清空購物車 def perform_create(self, serializer): order = serializer.save() # 獲取購物車所有商品 shop_carts = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user) for shop_cart in shop_carts: order_goods = OrderGoods() order_goods.goods = shop_cart.goods order_goods.goods_num = shop_cart.nums order_goods.order = order order_goods.save() #清空購物車 shop_cart.delete() return order
（3）配置url
# 配置訂單的url router.register(r'orders', OrderViewset, base_name="orders")
