接着上一篇Centos7下GlusterFS分布式存儲集群環境部署記錄文檔，繼續做一些補充記錄，希望能加深對GlusterFS存儲操作的理解和熟悉度。
========================清理glusterfs存儲環境=========================
由上面可知，該glusterfs存儲集群有四個節點： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# cat /etc/hosts ....... 192.168.10.239 GlusterFS-master 192.168.10.212 GlusterFS-slave 192.168.10.204 GlusterFS-slave2 192.168.10.220 GlusterFS-slave3 現將四個節點的存儲目錄/opt/gluster/data全部刪除 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list models [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info Volume Name: models Type: Distributed-Replicate Volume ID: f1945b0b-67d6-4202-9198-639244ab0a6a Status: Stopped Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/opt/gluster/data Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/opt/gluster/data Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/opt/gluster/data Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/opt/gluster/data Options Reconfigured: performance.write-behind: on performance.io-thread-count: 32 performance.flush-behind: on performance.cache-size: 128MB features.quota: on 接着刪除之前創建的models卷 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop models [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume delete models [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info No volumes present 查看集群節點情況，如下發現glusterfs集群中有三個節點。 由於是在192.168.10.239機器上查看的，所以在集群中默認看不到自己的。 如果在其他集群上執行這個命令，就能查看到192.168.10.239這個節點了 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status Number of Peers: 3 Hostname: 192.168.10.212 Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a State: Peer in Cluster (Connected) Hostname: 192.168.10.204 Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4 State: Peer in Cluster (Connected) Hostname: 192.168.10.220 Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965 State: Peer in Cluster (Connected) 然后分別將節點從集群中刪除（不能在節點機本機的gluster命令下刪除自己） [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster //可以在gluster的交互界面里操作 gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.220 peer detach: success gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.204 peer detach: success gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.212 peer detach: success gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.239 peer detach: failed: 192.168.10.239 is localhost //默認在本機是刪除不了自己的。需要在別的節點上刪除它。 gluster> 登錄另一台節點機上，執行將192.168.10.220節點從集群中移除的操作 [root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.239 peer detach: success gluster> 再次查看集群情況，發現沒有節點了 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status Number of Peers: 0 可以在gluster交互界面里執行它的所有相關命令： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster gluster> volume info No volumes present gluster> peer status Number of Peers: 0 gluster>
=====================dd命令創建虛擬分區，創建存儲目錄=====================
首先利用dd命令創建虛擬分區，創建存儲目錄
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 36G 1.8G 34G 5% /
devtmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.9G 8.5M 2.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home
tmpfs 581M 0 581M 0% /run/user/0
dd命令創建一個虛擬分區出來，格式化並掛載到/data目錄下
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# dd if=/dev/vda1 of=/dev/vdb1
2097152+0 records in
2097152+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 2.0979 s, 512 MB/s
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# du -sh /dev/vdb1
1.0G /dev/vdb1
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/vdb1 //這里格式成xfs格式文件，也可以格式化成ext4格式的。
meta-data=/dev/vdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=65536 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=262144, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mkdir /data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mount /dev/vdb1 /data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 36G 1.8G 34G 5% /
devtmpfs 2.9G 34M 2.8G 2% /dev
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.9G 8.5M 2.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home
tmpfs 581M 0 581M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/loop0 976M 2.6M 907M 1% /data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# fdisk -l
.......
Disk /dev/loop0: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
設置開機自動掛載
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# echo '/dev/loop0 /data xfs defaults 1 2' >> /etc/fstab
然后創建gluster存儲目錄
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mkdir /data/gluster
以上操作要在四台節點機器上都要執行一遍，即創建存儲目錄環境！
================創建分布式卷（即Hash卷）及其相關管理操作================
接着將節點添加到集群。這里選擇在GlusterFS-master節點上執行：
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.212
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.204
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.220
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
登錄其他節點集群查看，就能看到GlusterFS-master節點（192.168.10.239）也在集群中了
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: GlusterFS-master
Uuid: 5dfd40e2-096b-40b5-bee3-003b57a39007
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
----------------------------------------------------------
現在開始創建。這里在GlusterFS-master機器上執行的，默認這里創建的是哈希卷。
如下，它會自動在192.168.10.212節點的/data下面創建個gluster目錄（這個目錄不需要提前手動創建）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume create gluster_data 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster force
volume create: gluster_data: success: please start the volume to access data
登錄192.168.10.212節點查看，果然在/data目錄下自動創建了gluster目錄
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/ //data分區大小為1G
gluster
啟動卷，查看卷狀態
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_data
volume start: gluster_data: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 1
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
掛載卷操作
在客戶端機器上執行glusterfs存儲掛載的操作
注意，由於上面添加的是192.168.10.212節點，所以客戶端要掛載的也是192.168.10.212節點的存儲
[root@Client ~]# mkdir /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.212:gluster_data /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 1014M 33M 982M 4% /opt/gfsmount
上面可知，已經掛載上了glusterfs存儲，大小為1G（即是192.168.10.212的存儲目錄所在的/data分區的空間。
記住：存儲目錄在節點機的哪個分區下，客戶端掛載后就享用這個分區空間。
在客戶端掛載目錄下測試寫數據
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir test
[root@Client gfsmount]# touch kevin
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
kevin test
然后在192.168.10.212的存儲目錄下發現是正常同步過來的
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave gluster]# ls
kevin test
----------------------------------------------------------
增加brick（即擴容卷）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
同樣，上面三個節點的/data下會自動創建gluster目錄！
查看卷狀態
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
然后在到客戶端，發現掛載點的容量已經由1G上升到了4G！！（即四個節點的存儲目錄所在分區空間之和）
[root@Client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 4.0G 130M 3.9G 4% /opt/gfsmount
如上操作后的總結
1）客戶端掛載點的容量是集群中四個節點的存儲目錄所在分區總和。
2）在客戶端掛載點下創建目錄，所有節點的存儲目錄（即Brick）下都會同步到。
3）在客戶端掛載點的目錄下創建的文件，會在3個節點的存儲目錄內hash分布。
4）直接在客戶端掛載點下創建的文件，則這些文件只會單獨同步到所掛載的節點（如上是192.168.10.212的/data/gluster目錄下），其他節點不會同步！
5）刪除卷會造成一些數據丟失，因為被刪除節點有數。
比如：
a）客戶端在掛載點下創建目錄kevin
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir kevin
節點查看
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
b）客戶端在上面掛載點下的目錄里創建文件
[root@Client gfsmount]# for i in `seq -w 1 100`; do cp -rp /var/log/messages /opt/gfsmount/kevin/copy-test-$i; done
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls kevin/
copy-test-001 copy-test-014 copy-test-027 copy-test-040 copy-test-053 copy-test-066 copy-test-079 copy-test-092
copy-test-002 copy-test-015 copy-test-028 copy-test-041 copy-test-054 copy-test-067 copy-test-080 copy-test-093
copy-test-003 copy-test-016 copy-test-029 copy-test-042 copy-test-055 copy-test-068 copy-test-081 copy-test-094
copy-test-004 copy-test-017 copy-test-030 copy-test-043 copy-test-056 copy-test-069 copy-test-082 copy-test-095
copy-test-005 copy-test-018 copy-test-031 copy-test-044 copy-test-057 copy-test-070 copy-test-083 copy-test-096
copy-test-006 copy-test-019 copy-test-032 copy-test-045 copy-test-058 copy-test-071 copy-test-084 copy-test-097
copy-test-007 copy-test-020 copy-test-033 copy-test-046 copy-test-059 copy-test-072 copy-test-085 copy-test-098
copy-test-008 copy-test-021 copy-test-034 copy-test-047 copy-test-060 copy-test-073 copy-test-086 copy-test-099
copy-test-009 copy-test-022 copy-test-035 copy-test-048 copy-test-061 copy-test-074 copy-test-087 copy-test-100
copy-test-010 copy-test-023 copy-test-036 copy-test-049 copy-test-062 copy-test-075 copy-test-088
copy-test-011 copy-test-024 copy-test-037 copy-test-050 copy-test-063 copy-test-076 copy-test-089
copy-test-012 copy-test-025 copy-test-038 copy-test-051 copy-test-064 copy-test-077 copy-test-090
copy-test-013 copy-test-026 copy-test-039 copy-test-052 copy-test-065 copy-test-078 copy-test-091
節點查看。發現文件同步到掛載的192.168.10.212節點山上了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-014 copy-test-036 copy-test-045 copy-test-056 copy-test-070 copy-test-075 copy-test-097
copy-test-009 copy-test-020 copy-test-042 copy-test-047 copy-test-062 copy-test-071 copy-test-080
copy-test-010 copy-test-027 copy-test-043 copy-test-053 copy-test-064 copy-test-072 copy-test-084
copy-test-013 copy-test-035 copy-test-044 copy-test-055 copy-test-068 copy-test-074 copy-test-092
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
30
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-003 copy-test-018 copy-test-037 copy-test-050 copy-test-061 copy-test-069 copy-test-089
copy-test-005 copy-test-025 copy-test-040 copy-test-058 copy-test-066 copy-test-076 copy-test-091
copy-test-007 copy-test-026 copy-test-049 copy-test-059 copy-test-067 copy-test-085 copy-test-096
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
22
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-004 copy-test-016 copy-test-024 copy-test-046 copy-test-065 copy-test-082 copy-test-088 copy-test-099
copy-test-006 copy-test-017 copy-test-029 copy-test-048 copy-test-078 copy-test-086 copy-test-093
copy-test-015 copy-test-023 copy-test-033 copy-test-052 copy-test-079 copy-test-087 copy-test-095
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
23
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-001 copy-test-019 copy-test-030 copy-test-038 copy-test-054 copy-test-073 copy-test-090
copy-test-008 copy-test-021 copy-test-031 copy-test-039 copy-test-057 copy-test-077 copy-test-094
copy-test-011 copy-test-022 copy-test-032 copy-test-041 copy-test-060 copy-test-081 copy-test-098
copy-test-012 copy-test-028 copy-test-034 copy-test-051 copy-test-063 copy-test-083 copy-test-100
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
29
c）如果直接在客戶端掛載點下創建文件，則這些文件只會單獨同步到所掛載的節點
（如上是192.168.10.212的/data/gluster目錄下），其他節點不會同步！
[root@Client gfsmount]# for i in `seq -w 1 30`; do cp -rp /var/log/messages /opt/gfsmount/haha-test-$i; done
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
haha-test-01 haha-test-05 haha-test-09 haha-test-13 haha-test-17 haha-test-21 haha-test-25 haha-test-29
haha-test-02 haha-test-06 haha-test-10 haha-test-14 haha-test-18 haha-test-22 haha-test-26 haha-test-30
haha-test-03 haha-test-07 haha-test-11 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-23 haha-test-27 kevin
haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-12 haha-test-16 haha-test-20 haha-test-24 haha-test-28
節點查看，發現只是在192.168.10.212節點上有上面創建的那30個文件，其他3個節點都沒有
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-01 haha-test-05 haha-test-09 haha-test-13 haha-test-17 haha-test-21 haha-test-25 haha-test-29
haha-test-02 haha-test-06 haha-test-10 haha-test-14 haha-test-18 haha-test-22 haha-test-26 haha-test-30
haha-test-03 haha-test-07 haha-test-11 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-23 haha-test-27 kevin
haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-12 haha-test-16 haha-test-20 haha-test-24 haha-test-28
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
d）刪除卷會造成一些數據丟失，因為被刪除節點有數。
從卷中刪除其中一個節點的brick
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume remove-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
Usage: volume remove-brick <VOLNAME> [replica <COUNT>] <BRICK> ... <start|stop|status|commit|force>
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster
gluster> volume remove-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster force
Removing brick(s) can result in data loss. Do you want to Continue? (y/n) y
volume remove-brick commit force: success
gluster>
查看卷的信息，mount點空間也下降了（少了192.168.10.220的存儲空間）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 3
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
客戶端的掛載點空間下降到3G了
[root@Client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
.......
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 3.0G 98M 2.9G 4% /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# ll /opt/gfsmount/kevin|wc -l
73
發現上面在客戶端掛載點的kevin目錄下創建的100個文件已經少了一部分，因為這部分數據在192.168.10.220節點上，該
節點的brick已經從卷中刪除了，所以這部分數據就丟失了！
接着注意下面的操作！！
將上面刪除的192.168.10.220的brick添加進去，發現添加失敗！
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
volume add-brick: failed: Staging failed on 192.168.10.220. Error: /data/gluster is already part of a volume
需要刪除目錄，才能加回來
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ll /data
total 0
然后再添加就能成功了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
volume add-brick: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
添加回來后，客戶端的掛載點的容量又上升到4G了
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 4.0G 131M 3.9G 4% /opt/gfsmount
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
rebalance操作能夠讓文件按照之前的規則再分配
做下rebalance，看到新加的節點上分到了文件和目錄。
注意，在實際生產環節中，做rebalance，最好在服務器空閑的時間操作
如上，新添加進去的192.168.10.220節點的存儲目錄下一開始是沒有內容的
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]#
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_data start
volume rebalance: gluster_data: success: Initiated rebalance on volume gluster_data.
Execute "gluster volume rebalance <volume-name> status" to check status.
ID: 49277bfa-df25-45c4-b1fb-cbcf8607a23e
再次查看新添加進去的192.168.10.220節點的存儲目錄，發現就有了數據
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-03 haha-test-11 haha-test-14 haha-test-16 haha-test-25 haha-test-30 kevin
發現做了rebalance之后，客戶端在掛載點下的數據就會均衡地分布到各節點上了
[root@Client ~]# ls /opt/gfsmount/
haha-test-01 haha-test-05 haha-test-09 haha-test-13 haha-test-17 haha-test-21 haha-test-25 haha-test-29
haha-test-02 haha-test-06 haha-test-10 haha-test-14 haha-test-18 haha-test-22 haha-test-26 haha-test-30
haha-test-03 haha-test-07 haha-test-11 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-23 haha-test-27 kevin
haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-12 haha-test-16 haha-test-20 haha-test-24 haha-test-28
[root@Client ~]# ls /opt/gfsmount/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-014 copy-test-026 copy-test-043 copy-test-053 copy-test-066 copy-test-076 copy-test-088
copy-test-003 copy-test-015 copy-test-027 copy-test-044 copy-test-055 copy-test-067 copy-test-078 copy-test-089
copy-test-004 copy-test-016 copy-test-029 copy-test-045 copy-test-056 copy-test-068 copy-test-079 copy-test-091
copy-test-005 copy-test-017 copy-test-033 copy-test-046 copy-test-058 copy-test-069 copy-test-080 copy-test-092
copy-test-006 copy-test-018 copy-test-035 copy-test-047 copy-test-059 copy-test-070 copy-test-082 copy-test-093
copy-test-007 copy-test-020 copy-test-036 copy-test-048 copy-test-061 copy-test-071 copy-test-084 copy-test-095
copy-test-009 copy-test-023 copy-test-037 copy-test-049 copy-test-062 copy-test-072 copy-test-085 copy-test-096
copy-test-010 copy-test-024 copy-test-040 copy-test-050 copy-test-064 copy-test-074 copy-test-086 copy-test-097
copy-test-013 copy-test-025 copy-test-042 copy-test-052 copy-test-065 copy-test-075 copy-test-087 copy-test-099
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-06 haha-test-07 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-22 haha-test-28 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-014 copy-test-036 copy-test-047 copy-test-059 copy-test-069 copy-test-080 copy-test-097
copy-test-003 copy-test-018 copy-test-037 copy-test-049 copy-test-061 copy-test-070 copy-test-084
copy-test-005 copy-test-020 copy-test-040 copy-test-050 copy-test-062 copy-test-071 copy-test-085
copy-test-007 copy-test-025 copy-test-042 copy-test-053 copy-test-064 copy-test-072 copy-test-089
copy-test-009 copy-test-026 copy-test-043 copy-test-055 copy-test-066 copy-test-074 copy-test-091
copy-test-010 copy-test-027 copy-test-044 copy-test-056 copy-test-067 copy-test-075 copy-test-092
copy-test-013 copy-test-035 copy-test-045 copy-test-058 copy-test-068 copy-test-076 copy-test-096
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-01 haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-17 haha-test-20 haha-test-26 haha-test-27 haha-test-29 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-017 copy-test-040 copy-test-050 copy-test-064 copy-test-074 copy-test-086 copy-test-097
copy-test-004 copy-test-020 copy-test-042 copy-test-052 copy-test-065 copy-test-075 copy-test-087 copy-test-099
copy-test-006 copy-test-023 copy-test-043 copy-test-053 copy-test-066 copy-test-076 copy-test-088
copy-test-009 copy-test-024 copy-test-044 copy-test-055 copy-test-067 copy-test-078 copy-test-089
copy-test-010 copy-test-027 copy-test-045 copy-test-056 copy-test-068 copy-test-079 copy-test-091
copy-test-013 copy-test-029 copy-test-046 copy-test-058 copy-test-069 copy-test-080 copy-test-092
copy-test-014 copy-test-033 copy-test-047 copy-test-059 copy-test-070 copy-test-082 copy-test-093
copy-test-015 copy-test-035 copy-test-048 copy-test-061 copy-test-071 copy-test-084 copy-test-095
copy-test-016 copy-test-036 copy-test-049 copy-test-062 copy-test-072 copy-test-085 copy-test-096
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-02 haha-test-09 haha-test-12 haha-test-18 haha-test-23 kevin
haha-test-05 haha-test-10 haha-test-13 haha-test-21 haha-test-24
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-004 copy-test-016 copy-test-024 copy-test-046 copy-test-065 copy-test-082 copy-test-088 copy-test-099
copy-test-006 copy-test-017 copy-test-029 copy-test-048 copy-test-078 copy-test-086 copy-test-093
copy-test-015 copy-test-023 copy-test-033 copy-test-052 copy-test-079 copy-test-087 copy-test-095
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-03 haha-test-11 haha-test-14 haha-test-16 haha-test-25 haha-test-30 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
查看下平衡狀態
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_data status
Node Rebalanced-files size scanned failures skipped status run time in secs
--------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ --------------
localhost 29 164.8KB 105 0 0 completed 1.00
192.168.10.212 43 248.7KB 131 0 0 completed 1.00
192.168.10.204 0 0Bytes 105 0 0 completed 0.00
192.168.10.220 0 0Bytes 105 0 0 completed 0.00
volume rebalance: gluster_data: success:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
接着進行卸載掛載點，停止卷
這個操作很危險，但是卷刪除了，下面的數據還在：
[root@Client ~]# umount /opt/gfsmount -lf
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop gluster_data
Stopping volume will make its data inaccessible. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume stop: gluster_data: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume delete gluster_data
Deleting volume will erase all information about the volume. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume delete: gluster_data: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list
No volumes present in cluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
No volumes present
gluster_data卷刪除了，但是各節點上存儲目錄下的數據還在
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-06 haha-test-07 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-22 haha-test-28 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-01 haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-17 haha-test-20 haha-test-26 haha-test-27 haha-test-29 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-02 haha-test-09 haha-test-12 haha-test-18 haha-test-23 kevin
haha-test-05 haha-test-10 haha-test-13 haha-test-21 haha-test-24
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-03 haha-test-11 haha-test-14 haha-test-16 haha-test-25 haha-test-30 kevin
客戶端掛載點數據不顯示
[root@Client ~]# ls /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client ~]#
想要清除數據，可以登錄到每個節點上刪除brick下面的數據
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
================創建復制卷及其相關管理操作================
先刪除各個節點在上面用到的存儲目錄
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
No volumes present
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status
No volumes present
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list
No volumes present in cluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
刪除集群中的節點
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.220
peer detach: success
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.204
peer detach: success
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.212
peer detach: success
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.239
peer detach: failed: 192.168.10.239 is localhost
gluster>
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster
peer detach: success
查看集群，已沒有節點信息了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
現在開始創建復制卷，操作如下：
先添加集群
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.212
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 1
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
創建復制卷，需要replica 2，表示兩個副本
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume create gluster_share replica 2 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster force
volume create: gluster_share: success: please start the volume to access data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Created
Number of Bricks: 1 x 2 = 2
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
以上兩個節點會自動生成存儲目錄/data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ll /data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 12:58 gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ll /data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 12:59 gluster
啟動卷，查看卷狀態
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list
gluster_share
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_share
volume start: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 1 x 2 = 2
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
客戶端掛載后操作創建文件文件，發現容量只有一個節點的容量，因為是復制卷
[root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.239:gluster_share 1014M 33M 982M 4% /opt/gfsmount
客戶端掛載點寫入數據
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir test
[root@Client gfsmount]# touch kevin grace
兩個節點由於是副本關系，內容一致
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
grace kevin test
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
grace kevin test
------------------------------------------------------------------
模擬誤刪卷信息故障
刪除卷信息，卷信息在下面路徑下
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
bricks gluster_share-rebalance.vol rbstate
cksum gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol run
gluster_share.192.168.10.212.data-gluster.vol info snapd.info
gluster_share.192.168.10.239.data-gluster.vol node_state.info trusted-gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
bricks gluster_share-rebalance.vol rbstate
cksum gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol run
gluster_share.192.168.10.212.data-gluster.vol info snapd.info
gluster_share.192.168.10.239.data-gluster.vol node_state.info trusted-gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol
這里以刪除192.168.10.212（即GlusterFS-slave）節點的卷信息為例
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
ls: cannot access /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/: No such file or directory
恢復卷信息
把卷信息同步過來，192.168.10.212節點上的卷信息刪除了，但是它的備份節點192.168.10.239節點上的卷信息是正常的！
下面操作的all表示同步所有卷信息過來，這里也可以寫成gluster_share卷
特別注意：這種卷信息要定期備份！！！！
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume sync 192.168.10.239 all //不能在節點本機進行針對自己的備份
Sync volume may make data inaccessible while the sync is in progress. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume sync: failed: sync from localhost not allowed
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster volume sync 192.168.10.239 all //所以要在集群中的其他節點上操作
Sync volume may make data inaccessible while the sync is in progress. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume sync: success
然后再去192.168.10.212節點上查看卷信息，發現刪除的卷信息已經恢復回來了！
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
bricks gluster_share-rebalance.vol rbstate
cksum gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol run
gluster_share.192.168.10.212.data-gluster.vol info snapd.info
gluster_share.192.168.10.239.data-gluster.vol node_state.info trusted-gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol
------------------------------------------------------------------
追加節點操作
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.204
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.220
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
查看卷信息
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 1 x 2 = 2
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
卷擴容操作（即將新添加的兩個節點的brick添加到上面的models磁盤里）
先將客戶端的掛載卸載掉
[root@Client ~]# umount /opt/gfsmount/
接着關閉gluster_share卷
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop gluster_share
Stopping volume will make its data inaccessible. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume stop: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status gluster_share
Volume gluster_share is not started
然后執行卷擴容操作
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_share 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
再次查看卷信息，發現新節點已經加入進去了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Stopped
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
然后重新啟動gluster_share卷
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_share
volume start: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status gluster_share
Status of volume: gluster_share
Gluster process Port Online Pid
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brick 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster 49155 Y 8907
Brick 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster 49156 Y 4049
Brick 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster 49156 Y 11447
Brick 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster 49157 Y 16714
NFS Server on localhost N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on localhost N/A N N/A
NFS Server on 192.168.10.212 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.212 N/A N N/A
NFS Server on 192.168.10.220 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.220 N/A N N/A
NFS Server on 192.168.10.204 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.204 N/A N N/A
Task Status of Volume gluster_share
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
There are no active volume tasks
如上發現四個節點的Online項狀態都是"Y"
接着在Client客戶機重新掛載存儲
[root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 65M 2.0G 4% /opt/gfsmount
如上發現客戶端掛載點的容量是2G，即兩組replica的分區大小
在客戶機上寫入數據做測試，發現：
1）新添加到models卷里的節點的存儲目錄里不會有之前其他節點的數據，只會有新寫入的數據。
2）由於上面創建副本卷的時候，指定的副本是2個（即replica 2），如果不做rebalance，那么在客戶端寫入的文件數據都只會同步到原來的那個replica
下的節點里，即新加入的兩個節點里不會同步數據；在客戶端創建目錄，四個節點都會同步到；但是文件只會同步到之前的兩個節點。
接着進行重新均衡。均衡卷的前提是至少有兩個brick存儲單元
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_share start
volume rebalance: gluster_share: success: Initiated rebalance on volume gluster_share.
Execute "gluster volume rebalance <volume-name> status" to check status.
ID: 26035833-3c20-4822-b065-7a5e15d30b85
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_share status
Node Rebalanced-files size scanned failures skipped status run time in secs
--------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ --------------
localhost 103 10.3MB 305 0 0 completed 1.00
192.168.10.212 0 0Bytes 210 0 0 completed 0.00
192.168.10.204 11 58.9KB 213 0 0 completed 0.00
192.168.10.220 0 0Bytes 210 0 0 completed 0.00
volume rebalance: gluster_share: success:
然后刪除客戶端的數據，重新寫入進行測試
[root@Client ~]# rm -rf /opt/gfsmount/*
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir kevin
發現四個節點都有這個kevin目錄
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
然后批量寫入數據
[root@Client gfsmount]# for i in `seq -w 1 100`; do cp -rp /var/log/messages /opt/gfsmount/haha-test-$i; done
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
haha-test-001 haha-test-014 haha-test-027 haha-test-040 haha-test-053 haha-test-066 haha-test-079 haha-test-092
haha-test-002 haha-test-015 haha-test-028 haha-test-041 haha-test-054 haha-test-067 haha-test-080 haha-test-093
haha-test-003 haha-test-016 haha-test-029 haha-test-042 haha-test-055 haha-test-068 haha-test-081 haha-test-094
haha-test-004 haha-test-017 haha-test-030 haha-test-043 haha-test-056 haha-test-069 haha-test-082 haha-test-095
haha-test-005 haha-test-018 haha-test-031 haha-test-044 haha-test-057 haha-test-070 haha-test-083 haha-test-096
haha-test-006 haha-test-019 haha-test-032 haha-test-045 haha-test-058 haha-test-071 haha-test-084 haha-test-097
haha-test-007 haha-test-020 haha-test-033 haha-test-046 haha-test-059 haha-test-072 haha-test-085 haha-test-098
haha-test-008 haha-test-021 haha-test-034 haha-test-047 haha-test-060 haha-test-073 haha-test-086 haha-test-099
haha-test-009 haha-test-022 haha-test-035 haha-test-048 haha-test-061 haha-test-074 haha-test-087 haha-test-100
haha-test-010 haha-test-023 haha-test-036 haha-test-049 haha-test-062 haha-test-075 haha-test-088 kevin
haha-test-011 haha-test-024 haha-test-037 haha-test-050 haha-test-063 haha-test-076 haha-test-089
haha-test-012 haha-test-025 haha-test-038 haha-test-051 haha-test-064 haha-test-077 haha-test-090
haha-test-013 haha-test-026 haha-test-039 haha-test-052 haha-test-065 haha-test-078 haha-test-091
發現這些數據被分為兩個replica副本，分到放到了192.168.10.239、192.168.10.212（副本關系）和192.168.10.204、192.168.10.220上了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-004 haha-test-015 haha-test-028 haha-test-040 haha-test-050 haha-test-070 haha-test-080 haha-test-091
haha-test-007 haha-test-017 haha-test-029 haha-test-042 haha-test-051 haha-test-072 haha-test-081 haha-test-093
haha-test-009 haha-test-019 haha-test-032 haha-test-043 haha-test-052 haha-test-073 haha-test-084 haha-test-094
haha-test-010 haha-test-020 haha-test-033 haha-test-044 haha-test-056 haha-test-075 haha-test-087 haha-test-095
haha-test-011 haha-test-021 haha-test-034 haha-test-047 haha-test-059 haha-test-076 haha-test-088 haha-test-097
haha-test-012 haha-test-022 haha-test-036 haha-test-048 haha-test-061 haha-test-078 haha-test-089 haha-test-100
haha-test-014 haha-test-027 haha-test-037 haha-test-049 haha-test-069 haha-test-079 haha-test-090 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-004 haha-test-015 haha-test-028 haha-test-040 haha-test-050 haha-test-070 haha-test-080 haha-test-091
haha-test-007 haha-test-017 haha-test-029 haha-test-042 haha-test-051 haha-test-072 haha-test-081 haha-test-093
haha-test-009 haha-test-019 haha-test-032 haha-test-043 haha-test-052 haha-test-073 haha-test-084 haha-test-094
haha-test-010 haha-test-020 haha-test-033 haha-test-044 haha-test-056 haha-test-075 haha-test-087 haha-test-095
haha-test-011 haha-test-021 haha-test-034 haha-test-047 haha-test-059 haha-test-076 haha-test-088 haha-test-097
haha-test-012 haha-test-022 haha-test-036 haha-test-048 haha-test-061 haha-test-078 haha-test-089 haha-test-100
haha-test-014 haha-test-027 haha-test-037 haha-test-049 haha-test-069 haha-test-079 haha-test-090 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-001 haha-test-013 haha-test-026 haha-test-041 haha-test-057 haha-test-065 haha-test-077 haha-test-096
haha-test-002 haha-test-016 haha-test-030 haha-test-045 haha-test-058 haha-test-066 haha-test-082 haha-test-098
haha-test-003 haha-test-018 haha-test-031 haha-test-046 haha-test-060 haha-test-067 haha-test-083 haha-test-099
haha-test-005 haha-test-023 haha-test-035 haha-test-053 haha-test-062 haha-test-068 haha-test-085 kevin
haha-test-006 haha-test-024 haha-test-038 haha-test-054 haha-test-063 haha-test-071 haha-test-086
haha-test-008 haha-test-025 haha-test-039 haha-test-055 haha-test-064 haha-test-074 haha-test-092
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-001 haha-test-013 haha-test-026 haha-test-041 haha-test-057 haha-test-065 haha-test-077 haha-test-096
haha-test-002 haha-test-016 haha-test-030 haha-test-045 haha-test-058 haha-test-066 haha-test-082 haha-test-098
haha-test-003 haha-test-018 haha-test-031 haha-test-046 haha-test-060 haha-test-067 haha-test-083 haha-test-099
haha-test-005 haha-test-023 haha-test-035 haha-test-053 haha-test-062 haha-test-068 haha-test-085 kevin
haha-test-006 haha-test-024 haha-test-038 haha-test-054 haha-test-063 haha-test-071 haha-test-086
haha-test-008 haha-test-025 haha-test-039 haha-test-055 haha-test-064 haha-test-074 haha-test-092
同樣在客戶端的掛載點的目錄（即/opt/gfsmount/kevin）下創建的文件也是同樣被分為兩個replica副本，分到放到了
192.168.10.239、192.168.10.212（副本關系）和192.168.10.204、192.168.10.220上了
================Gluster設置允許可信任客戶端IP================
設置只允許192.168.1.*的訪問 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume set gluster_share auth.allow 192.168.1.* volume set: success 查看卷信息 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info Volume Name: gluster_share Type: Distributed-Replicate Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a Status: Started Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster Options Reconfigured: auth.allow: 192.168.1.* 注意上面最后一行卷信息，說明只允許客戶端ip為192.168.10.*網段的機器掛載。 然后在192.168.10.213客戶端進行掛載，發現就掛載不上了 [root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/ [root@Client ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm 接着修改授權信息 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume set gluster_share auth.allow 192.168.10.* volume set: success [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info Volume Name: gluster_share Type: Distributed-Replicate Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a Status: Started Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster Options Reconfigured: auth.allow: 192.168.10.* 然后再在192.168.10.213的客戶端進行掛載測試，發現能掛載上了 [root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/ [root@Client ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm 192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 67M 2.0G 4% /opt/gfsmount
================Gluster的性能測試工具================
在一個節點起服務。比如這里在GlusterFS-master節點上啟動： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# yum install -y iperf [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ 客戶端連接上面的GlusterFS-master節點服務器，測試網絡速度 [root@Client ~]# yum install -y iperf [root@Client ~]# iperf -c 192.168.10.239 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.10.239, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.0 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 192.168.10.213 port 55276 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 19.5 GBytes 16.7 Gbits/sec 節點服務器上也能查看到信息。因為是虛擬機環境，這里虛高了。 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 4] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55276 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 19.5 GBytes 16.7 Gbits/sec 如果覺得壓力不夠，可以客戶端多個進程一起發包。使用-P參數 ，客戶端結果如下 [root@Client ~]# iperf -c 192.168.10.239 -P 10 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.10.239, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.0 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 12] local 192.168.10.213 port 55296 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 6] local 192.168.10.213 port 55284 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 7] local 192.168.10.213 port 55286 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 3] local 192.168.10.213 port 55278 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 5] local 192.168.10.213 port 55282 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 4] local 192.168.10.213 port 55280 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 8] local 192.168.10.213 port 55288 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 9] local 192.168.10.213 port 55290 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 11] local 192.168.10.213 port 55294 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 10] local 192.168.10.213 port 55292 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 12] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.73 Gbits/sec [ 11] 0.0-10.0 sec 616 MBytes 516 Mbits/sec [ 10] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.26 GBytes 2.80 Gbits/sec [ 6] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.72 Gbits/sec [ 7] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.73 Gbits/sec [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 616 MBytes 516 Mbits/sec [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.07 GBytes 2.63 Gbits/sec [ 8] 0.0-10.0 sec 2.90 GBytes 2.49 Gbits/sec [ 9] 0.0-10.0 sec 2.89 GBytes 2.48 Gbits/sec [ 5] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.06 GBytes 2.62 Gbits/sec [SUM] 0.0-10.0 sec 25.9 GBytes 22.2 Gbits/sec 節點服務器上的信息： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 4] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55276 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 19.5 GBytes 16.7 Gbits/sec [ 4] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55278 [ 5] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55280 [ 7] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55284 [ 6] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55282 [ 8] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55286 [ 9] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55288 [ 10] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55290 [ 13] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55294 [ 11] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55292 [ 12] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55296 [ 13] 0.0-10.5 sec 616 MBytes 491 Mbits/sec [ 4] 0.0-10.5 sec 616 MBytes 491 Mbits/sec [ 5] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.07 GBytes 2.50 Gbits/sec [ 7] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.59 Gbits/sec [ 8] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.59 Gbits/sec [ 9] 0.0-10.5 sec 2.90 GBytes 2.37 Gbits/sec [ 6] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.06 GBytes 2.49 Gbits/sec [ 10] 0.0-10.5 sec 2.89 GBytes 2.35 Gbits/sec [ 11] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.26 GBytes 2.65 Gbits/sec [ 12] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.59 Gbits/sec [SUM] 0.0-10.5 sec 25.9 GBytes 21.1 Gbits/sec ----------------------------------------------------- dd工具測試：客戶端寫入速度和讀取速度測試 [root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount [root@Client ~]# df -h ....... 192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 68M 2.0G 4% /opt/gfsmount 測試寫文件的速度（寫入一個300M文件的速度） [root@Client ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/gfsmount/grace bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 0.981631 s, 534 MB/s [root@Client ~]# du -sh /opt/gfsmount/grace 500M /opt/gfsmount/grace 測試讀文件的速度 [root@Client ~]# dd if=/opt/gfsmount/grace of=/dev/null bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 1.00698 s, 521 MB/s 再次測試，虛擬機不是很穩定 [root@Client ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/gfsmount/grace1 bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 1.15882 s, 452 MB/s [root@Client ~]# dd if=/opt/gfsmount/grace1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 1.0682 s, 491 MB/s
================Gluster集群典型故障處理=================
1）復制卷數據不一致
故障現象：雙副本卷數據出現不一致
故障模擬：刪除其中一個brick數據
修復方法：訪問文件觸發自修復：
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
Options Reconfigured:
客戶端操作：
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 1.1G 961M 53% /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# rm -rf /opt/gfsmount/*
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# touch a b c d e f g
客戶端寫入的數據分為兩個replica放在了四個節點上
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
a b c e
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
a b c e
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
d f g
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
d f g
模擬問題：
在GlusterFS-slave2機器上刪除文件
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ls
d f g
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# rm -rf d
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# rm -rf f
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ls
g
GlusterFS-slave2的備份節點GlusterFS-slave3上有上面刪除的數據
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 gluster]# ls
d f g
客戶端上訪問文件可以觸發文件的自動修復
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
a b c d e f g
[root@Client gfsmount]# cat d
[root@Client gfsmount]# cat f
再次到GlusterFS-slave2節點上查看，刪除的數據就自動修復了
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
d f g
2）glusterfs集群節點配置信息不正確
故障模擬
刪除server2部分配置信息
配置信息位置：/usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd
修復方法
觸發自修復：通過Gluster工具同步配置信息
gluster volume sync server1 all
恢復復制卷 brick
故障現象：雙副本卷中一個brick損壞
恢復流程：
a）重新建立故障brick目錄
# setfattr -n trusted.gfid -v
0x00000000000000000000000000000001 /data2
# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.dht -v
0x000000010000000000000000ffffffff /data2
# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.volume-id -v
0xcc51d546c0af4215a72077ad9378c2ac /data2
-v 的參數設置成你的值
b）設置擴展屬性(參考另一個復制 brick)
c）重啟 glusterd服務
d）觸發數據自修復
# find /data/glusterd -type f -print0 | xargs -0 head -c1 >/dev/null
模擬刪除brick的操作
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
Options Reconfigured:
在GlusterFS-slave節點上刪除brick數據
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
a b c e
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ll /data/gluster
ls: cannot access /data/gluster: No such file or directory
接在在GlusterFS-slave的備份節點GlusterFS-master上操作，獲取擴展屬性（使用"yum search getfattr"命令getfattr工具的安裝途徑）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# yum install -y attr.x86_64
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# cd /data/
[root@GlusterFS-master data]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex gluster/
# file: gluster/
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
trusted.gfid=0x00000000000000000000000000000001
trusted.glusterfs.dht=0x0000000100000000000000007ffffc25
trusted.glusterfs.volume-id=0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a
注意下面的操作將根據上面的屬性信息中的id進行操作
重新建立故障brick目錄
恢復操作，擴展屬性可以從GlusterFS-master節點機上獲取的復制（注意上面屬性中的id：0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a），執行順序沒關系
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# mkdir /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# yum install -y attr.x86_64
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex /data/gluster
getfattr: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: data/gluster
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.volume-id -v 0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex /data/gluster
getfattr: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: data/gluster
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
trusted.glusterfs.volume-id=0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# setfattr -n trusted.gfid -v 0x00000000000000000000000000000001 /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.dht -v 0x0000000100000000000000007ffffc25 /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex /data/gluster
getfattr: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: data/gluster
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
trusted.gfid=0x00000000000000000000000000000001
trusted.glusterfs.dht=0x0000000100000000000000007ffffc25
trusted.glusterfs.volume-id=0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a
重啟gluster服務
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster
root 4909 1 0 15:12 ? 00:00:01 /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterfs -s localhost --volfile-id gluster/glustershd -p /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/glustershd/run/glustershd.pid -l /usr/local/glusterfs/var/log/glusterfs/glustershd.log -S /var/run/f9f65f2dbb0c193ecab167839d75699e.socket --xlator-option *replicate*.node-uuid=f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
root 5069 5044 0 17:31 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gluster
root 32450 1 0 Apr08 ? 00:00:26 /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterd
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
kill: sending signal to 5071 failed: No such process
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster
root 5078 5044 0 17:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterd
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster
root 5080 1 14 17:32 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterd
root 5212 5044 0 17:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]#
可以嘗試通過下面三種方法進行數據恢復
a）重啟gluster服務后，Gluster-slave節點的數據。如果沒有恢復，那么就嘗試第2種方法
b）在客戶端的掛載點下cat那些刪除的文件或者再寫入新數據，去觸發自動修復。如果還沒有恢復。那么嘗試第3種方法
c）重啟gluster_share卷
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop gluster_share
Stopping volume will make its data inaccessible. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume stop: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_share
volume start: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status gluster_share
Status of volume: gluster_share
Gluster process Port Online Pid
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brick 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster 49155 Y 15508
Brick 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster 49156 Y 5249
Brick 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster 49156 Y 12162
Brick 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster 49157 Y 17402
NFS Server on localhost N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on localhost N/A Y 15527
NFS Server on 192.168.10.204 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.204 N/A Y 12181
NFS Server on 192.168.10.220 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.220 N/A Y 17421
NFS Server on 192.168.10.212 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.212 N/A Y 5268
Task Status of Volume gluster_share
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Task : Rebalance
ID : 26035833-3c20-4822-b065-7a5e15d30b85
Status : completed
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume heal gluster_share info
Brick GlusterFS-master:/data/gluster/
Number of entries: 0
Brick GlusterFS-slave:/data/gluster/
Number of entries: 0
Brick GlusterFS-slave2:/data/gluster/
Number of entries: 0
Brick GlusterFS-slave3:/data/gluster/
Number of entries: 0
查看下數據是否恢復了
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave gluster]# ls
a b c
注意：
如上在客戶端掛載點寫入新數據后，GlusterFS-slave節點的數據就會恢復，如果發現恢復后的數據跟它的備份節點
GlusterFS—master的數據不一致，這個時候只需要在客戶端掛載點下cat那些不一致的文件，即觸發自動修復機制，
則GlusterFS-slave節點就會自動恢復那些不一致的數據！
================glusterfs集群生產場景調優精要=================
系統關鍵考慮 1）性能需求 2）Read/Write 3）吞吐量/IOPS/可用性 4）Workload 5）什么應用？ 6）大文件？ 7）小文件？ 8）除了吞吐量之外的需求？ 系統配置 1）根據Workload選擇適當的 Volume類型 2）Volume類型 3）DHT – 高性能，無冗余 4）AFR – 高可用，讀性能高 5）STP – 高並發讀，寫性能低，無冗余 6）協議/性能 7）Native – 性能最優 8）NFS – 特定應用下可獲得最優性能 9）CIFS – 僅Windows平台使用 10）數據流 11）不同訪問協議的數據流差異 12）hash+復制卷的模式是生產必須的 系統硬件配置 1）節點和集群配置 2）多 CPU－支持更多的並發線程 3）多 MEM－支持更大的 Cache 4）多網絡端口－支持更高的吞吐量 5）專用后端網絡用於集群內部通信 6）NFS/CIFS協議訪問需要專用后端網絡 7）推薦至少10GbE 8）Native協議用於內部節點通信 性能相關經驗 1）GlusterFS性能很大程度上依賴硬件 2）充分理解應用基礎上進行硬件配置 3）缺省參數主要用於通用目的 4）GlusterFS存在若干性能調優參數 5）性能問題應當優先排除磁盤和網絡故障 6）建議6到8個磁盤最做一個raid 系統規模和架構 1）性能理論上由硬件配置決定 2）CPU/Mem/Disk/Network 3）系統規模由性能和容量需求決定 4）2U/4U存儲服務器和JBOD適合構建Brick 5）三種典型應用部署 6）容量需求應用 7）2U/4U存儲服務器+多個JBOD 8）CPU/RAM/Network要求低 9）性能和容量混合需求應用 10）2U/4U存儲服務器+少數JBOD 11）高 CPU/RAM，低Network 12）性能需求應用 13）1U/2U存儲服務器(無JBOD) 14）高 CPU/RAM，快DISK/Network 系統調優 1）關鍵調優參數 2）Performance.write-behind-window-size 65535 (字節) 3）Performance.cache-refresh-timeout 1 (秒) 4）Performance.cache-size 1073741824 (字節) 5）Performance.read-ahead off (僅1GbE) 6）Performance.io-thread-count 24 (CPU核數) 7）Performance.client-io-threads on (客戶端) 8）performance.write-behind on 9）performance.flush-behind on 10）cluster.stripe-block-size 4MB (缺省 128KB) 11）Nfs.disable off (缺省打開) 12）缺省參數設置適用於混合workloads 13）不同應用調優 14）理解硬件/固件配置及對性能的影響 15）如CPU頻率、 IB、 10GbE、 TCP offload KVM優化 1）使用 QEMU-GlusterFS(libgfapi)整合方案 2）gluster volume set <volume> group virt 3）tuned-adm profile rhs-virtualization 4）KVM host: tuned-adm profile virtual-host 5）Images和應用數據使用不同的 volume 6）每個gluster節點不超過2個KVM Host (16 guest/host) 7）提高響應時間 8）減少/sys/block/vda/queue/nr_request 9）Server/Guest： 128/8 (缺省企值256/128) 10）提高讀帶寬 11）提高 /sys/block/vda/queue/read_ahead_kb 12）VM readahead： 4096 (缺省值128)