HBase學習之路 （二）HBase集群安裝

前提

1、HBase 依賴於 HDFS 做底層的數據存儲

2、HBase 依賴於 MapReduce 做數據計算

3、HBase 依賴於 ZooKeeper 做服務協調

4、HBase源碼是java編寫的，安裝需要依賴JDK

版本選擇

打開官方的版本說明http://hbase.apache.org/1.2/book.html

JDK的選擇

Hadoop的選擇

 

此處我們的hadoop版本用的的是2.7.5，HBase選擇的版本是1.2.6

安裝

1、zookeeper的安裝

參考http://www.cnblogs.com/qingyunzong/p/8619184.html

2、Hadoopd的安裝

參考http://www.cnblogs.com/qingyunzong/p/8634335.html

3、下載安裝包

找到官網下載 hbase 安裝包 hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz，這里給大家提供一個下載地址： http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hbase/

4、上傳服務器並解壓縮到指定目錄

[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ ls
apps  data  hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz  hello.txt  log  zookeeper.out
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ tar -zxvf hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz -C apps/

5、修改配置文件

配置文件目錄在安裝包的conf文件夾中

（1）修改hbase-env.sh 

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ vi hbase-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

（2）修改hbase-site.xml

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ vi hbase-site.xml

<configuration>

        <property>
                <!-- 指定 hbase 在 HDFS 上存儲的路徑 -->
                <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
                <value>hdfs://myha01/hbase126</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <!-- 指定 hbase 是分布式的 -->
                <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
                <value>true</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <!-- 指定 zk 的地址，多個用“,”分割 -->
                <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
                <value>hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181,hadoop4:2181</value>
        </property>

</configuration>

（3）修改regionservers 

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ vi regionservers 

hadoop1
hadoop2
hadoop3
hadoop4

（4）修改backup-masters

該文件是不存在的，先自行創建

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ vi backup-masters

hadoop4

（5）修改hdfs-site.xml 和 core-site.xml 

最重要一步，要把 hadoop 的 hdfs-site.xml 和 core-site.xml 放到 hbase-1.2.6/conf 下

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ cd ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/etc/hadoop/
[hadoop@hadoop1 hadoop]$ cp core-site.xml hdfs-site.xml ~/apps/hbase-1.2.6/conf/

6、將HBase安裝包分發到其他節點

分發之前先刪除HBase目錄下的docs文件夾，

[hadoop@hadoop1 hbase-1.2.6]$ rm -rf docs/

在進行分發

[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ scp -r hbase-1.2.6/ hadoop2:$PWD
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ scp -r hbase-1.2.6/ hadoop3:$PWD
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ scp -r hbase-1.2.6/ hadoop4:$PWD

7、 同步時間

HBase 集群對於時間的同步要求的比 HDFS 嚴格，所以，集群啟動之前千萬記住要進行 時間同步，要求相差不要超過 30s

8、配置環境變量

所有服務器都有進行配置

[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ vi ~/.bashrc 

#HBase
export HBASE_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin

使環境變量立即生效

[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ source ~/.bashrc 

啟動HBase集群

嚴格按照啟動順序進行

1、啟動zookeeper集群

每個zookeeper節點都要執行以下命令

[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ 

2、啟動HDFS集群及YARN集群

如果需要運行MapReduce程序則啟動yarn集群，否則不需要啟動

[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [hadoop1 hadoop2]
hadoop2: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop2.out
hadoop1: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop1.out
hadoop3: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop3.out
hadoop4: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop4.out
hadoop2: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop2.out
hadoop1: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop1.out
Starting journal nodes [hadoop1 hadoop2 hadoop3]
hadoop3: starting journalnode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-hadoop3.out
hadoop2: starting journalnode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-hadoop2.out
hadoop1: starting journalnode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-hadoop1.out
Starting ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [hadoop1 hadoop2]
hadoop2: starting zkfc, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-zkfc-hadoop2.out
hadoop1: starting zkfc, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-zkfc-hadoop1.out
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ 

啟動完成之后檢查以下namenode的狀態

[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1
standby
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2
active
[hadoop@hadoop1 apps]$ 

3、啟動HBase

保證 ZooKeeper 集群和 HDFS 集群啟動正常的情況下啟動 HBase 集群 啟動命令：start-hbase.sh，在哪台節點上執行此命令，哪個節點就是主節點

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ start-hbase.sh
starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-hadoop1.out
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop3: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop3.out
hadoop4: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop4.out
hadoop2: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop2.out
hadoop3: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop3: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop4: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop4: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop2: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop2: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
hadoop1: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop1.out
hadoop4: starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-hadoop4.out
[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ 

觀看啟動日志可以看到：

（1）首先在命令執行節點啟動 master

（2）然后分別在 hadoop02,hadoop03,hadoop04,hadoop05 啟動 regionserver

（3）然后在 backup-masters 文件中配置的備節點上再啟動一個 master 主進程

驗證啟動是否正常

1、檢查各進程是否啟動正常

 主節點和備用節點都啟動 hmaster 進程

 各從節點都啟動 hregionserver 進程

按照對應的配置信息各個節點應該要啟動的進程如上圖所示

2、通過訪問瀏覽器頁面

hadoop1

hadop4

從圖中可以看出hadoop4是備用節點

3、驗證高可用

干掉hadoop1上的hbase進程，觀察備用節點是否啟用

[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ jps
4960 HMaster
2960 QuorumPeerMain
3169 NameNode
3699 DFSZKFailoverController
3285 DataNode
5098 HRegionServer
5471 Jps
3487 JournalNode
[hadoop@hadoop1 conf]$ kill -9 4960

 hadoop1界面訪問不了

hadoop4變成主節點

4、如果有節點相應的進程沒有啟動，那么可以手動啟動

啟動HMaster進程

[hadoop@hadoop3 conf]$ jps
3360 Jps
2833 JournalNode
2633 QuorumPeerMain
3179 HRegionServer
2732 DataNode
[hadoop@hadoop3 conf]$ hbase-daemon.sh start master
starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-hadoop3.out
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
[hadoop@hadoop3 conf]$ jps
2833 JournalNode
3510 Jps
3432 HMaster
2633 QuorumPeerMain
3179 HRegionServer
2732 DataNode
[hadoop@hadoop3 conf]$ 

 

啟動HRegionServer進程

[hadoop@hadoop3 conf]$ hbase-daemon.sh start regionserver