一、以下有兩種方式可以創建一個Timestamp對象:
1. Timestamp()的構造方法
import pandas as pd from datetime import datetime as dt p1=pd.Timestamp(2017,6,19) p2=pd.Timestamp(dt(2017,6,19,hour=9,minute=13,second=45)) p3=pd.Timestamp("2017-6-19 9:13:45") print("type of p1:",type(p1)) print(p1) print("type of p2:",type(p2)) print(p2) print("type of p3:",type(p3)) print(p3) 輸出: ('type of p1:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>) 2017-06-19 00:00:00 ('type of p2:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>) 2017-06-19 09:13:45 ('type of p3:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>) 2017-06-19 09:13:45
2. to_datetime()方法
import pandas as pd from datetime import datetime as dt p4=pd.to_datetime("2017-6-19 9:13:45") p5=pd.to_datetime(dt(2017,6,19,hour=9,minute=13,second=45)) print("type of p4:",type(p4)) print(p4) print("type of p5:",type(p5)) print(p5) 輸出: ('type of p4:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>) 2017-06-19 09:13:45 ('type of p5:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>) 2017-06-19 09:13:45
datetime模塊的對象有如下:
- timedelta
- date
- datetime
- time
- tzinfo
還包含以下兩個常量:
- datetime.MINYEAR (它返回的是1)
- datetime.MAXYEAR(它返回的是9999)
二、datetime對象
它的構造方法:
class datetime.datetime(year, month, day[, hour[, minute[, second[, microsecond[, tzinfo]]]]])
year, month 和 day 參數是必須的,其他參數可選, 參數tzinfo表示可選的時區信息,一般我們也用不到。參數值的范圍如下:
- MINYEAR <= year <= MAXYEAR
- 1 <= month <= 12
- 1 <= day <= number of days in the given month and year
- 0 <= hour < 24
- 0 <= minute < 60
- 0 <= second < 60
- 0 <= microsecond < 1000000
我們平常能用到的也就是年,月,日,時,分,秒,其他參數可以不用管。下面通過例子認識下datetime對象。
from datetime import datetime as dt t=dt(2017,6,1,hour=13,minute=17,second=30) print(type(t)) print(t) 輸出: <type 'datetime.datetime'> 2017-06-01 13:17:30
如果我們只傳參數year, month, day,那么時間會默認變成00:00:00,看下面的代碼:
from datetime import datetime as dt t=dt(2017,6,1) print(t) 輸出:2017-06-01 00:00:00
下面我們看下datetime對象的幾個方法:
datetime.today() 返回本地當前的時間
from datetime import datetime as dt print(dt.today()) 輸出:2017-06-18 13:21:16.201000
datetime.now([tz]) 返回本地當前的日期和時間。如果可選的參數 tz 為 None 或者沒有指定,就如同today()
from datetime import datetime as dt print(dt.now()) 輸出:2017-06-18 13:23:33.536000
datetime對象還有兩個屬性:min和max
from datetime import datetime as dt min_time=dt.min max_time=dt.max print(min_time) print(max_time) 輸出: 0001-01-01 00:00:00 9999-12-31 23:59:59.999999
