PCIE 調試過程記錄

本文轉載自查看原文 2018-03-26 16:02 5596 PCIE

遇到的問題

PCIE link不穩定
配置空間讀寫正常，Memory mapping空間讀寫異常

緣由

之前對PCIE的認識一直停留在概念的階段，只知道是一個高速通訊協議，主要用於板內、板間的高速BUS。正好公司最近在調試一個PowerPC平台的PCIE BUS的BSP。需要一些PCIE的硬件、軟件知識。下面通過解決實際問題過程的方法來進一步理解PCIE總線協議。但也僅僅限於工程應用（實際產品中調試、應用）層面。

具體解決過程

PCIE 物理層link 不穩定

啟動u-boot后，可以看到PCIE link status信息log
u-boot下的pcie link status
從log上分析：系統啟動了3個PCIE controller，PCIE 號為：0.0.0 2.0.0 4.0.0。
三個數字的具體含義為：0.0.0 ：Bus Number Device Number Function Number。
這三個Host Bridge 下面分別掛了一個EP設備，PCIE 號為：1.0.0 、3.0.0 、5.0.0。
正常看到這些PCIE bridge 和EP說明PCIE 讀PCIE的配置空間是正確的，PCIE在physical 的link狀態是OK的。
可以使用pci header + PCIE號的方式查看Bridge和EP的Config 信息。
pci config space
若出現讀取配置信息不穩定的情況，則說明PCIE link 不穩定。需要進一步排查硬件，軟件輔助查看link status的方法是查看PCIE Host Bridge的link status的寄存器值。PCIE 規范里有一個LTSSM（Link Training and Status State Machine），各種status的code規范里都有定義。
這個LTSSM在PCIE Extend Config Space里面。在P3041中的offset為0x404。
可以使用命令：pci display.b 0.0.0 404查看LTSSM狀態。
正常情況下的輸出：
LTSSM
PCIE 初始化完成后會進入L0狀態。異常狀態見PCIE link 異常log。
物理層link 不穩定，懷疑以下原因：
- 高速串行信號質量問題
- Serdes電源問題
- 時鍾問題

Serdes電源經過測量后，基本排除。
高速信號完整性問題經過示波器測量后，也基本排除。
時鍾問題，最開始只是簡單測試了下時鍾的頻率和幅值。沒有實質性去分析時鍾的jitter等時鍾質量問題。后分析原理圖發現，pcie的Host和EP端使用了不同的pcie時鍾IC，也就是說使用了非同源時鍾。在沒有詳細查看pcie specification關於pcie時鍾的情況下，將host和EP端的時鍾改為同源時鍾（當然是選擇飛線嘍），pcie物理層link問題解決。
項目沒有那么緊張的時候，反思此事，仔細查看pcie specification中關於時鍾的要求，並沒有要求Host和EP端必須使用同源時鍾。只是對同源、非同源時鍾的精度做了要求。
同源情況下要求100M. +-600ppm
非同源時鍾要求100M. +-300ppm
哦，原來是這樣，接着去看原理圖中選用的PCIE時鍾IC，發現EP端的pcie時鍾IC為25M輸入然后倍頻出來100M時鍾的，且使用了一個帶有SSC功能的IC，原理配配置上打開了該功能。根據pcie規范中介紹的，該功能
為pcie一項技術，該功能為了減少板級EMI對時鍾做了特殊能量擴散處理。有SSC功能的時鍾超出300ppm的抖動，但在600ppm內。
這樣得出一個結論，我們使用了非同源的設計，EP端使用的pcie時鍾IC的jitter超出了300ppm。看來不能穩定的link也是情理之中。這樣看來就有另一種解決方法，把EP端PCIE側的SSC功能關閉，去實踐發現將SSC功能關閉后，可以正常穩定link。
我們使用的pcie時鍾芯片支持SSC且配置打開，時鍾ppm在300到600之間。又非同源，因此link不穩定。將此功能關閉，時鍾在300ppm，因此可以穩定link。

解決方法：
- 飛線統一成同一時鍾源。
- 將EP端的時鍾IC的SSC功能關閉。

PCIE memap空間讀寫異常

問題：

pcie可以正常讀寫配置空間，但無法正常讀寫memap 空間

最后定位問題：
一個address是36bit的，但軟件定義為一個32bit的變量，從而導致軟件讀寫pcie memap空間失敗（讀錯了位置）。
解決方法：fixed the software bug。☺

這個問題定位主要需要一些關於PICE的一些地址的知識，要理解他們之間的關系。

PCIE空間的BAR
CPU訪問PCIE設備的高速外設（IO）的地址
應用層訪問PCIE memap的地址

來張圖吧，

上圖中，有幾個關鍵的Address，Virtual Address這個大家比較好理解，但凡有一點在linux下開發經驗的程序員都知道linux下的應用程序只能訪問Virtual Address，那如果我們需要訪問一些指定的Physical Address怎么辦，這在driver開發當中十分常見。linux提供了mamap系統調用，用於Virtual Address和Physical Address的轉換。另外，PICE設備在讀寫時使用PCIE的BAR地址，BAR地址是PCIE控制器以memap 方式讀寫PCIE EP設備時使用的地址，是PCIE協議使用的地址。

我們以寫PCIE EP的memap空間為例子說明一下地址之間的轉換是怎么做的。PCIE的memap空間是OS分配的，一般是一個固定的地址和大小，然后OS啟動后，PCIE的應用程序將PCIE的memap的Physical Address通過mamap系統調用映射為Virtual Address，然后應用程序就會通過此地址讀寫EP設備的memap空間，當CPU發出寫EP設備的memap空間時，PCIE控制器會根據設置的BAR地址轉換成相應的PICE協議要求的地址。BAR是在PCIE枚舉的過程中設置的，一般通過枚舉方式設置成合理的地址值，EP這一側會根據配置的值將自身的memap地址空間映射到設置的地址上去。

舉一個具體的例子：
CPU分配的PCIE Physical Address為0xc20000000，設置的BAR地址為0xe0000000。應用層APP實際使用的Virtual Address和OS有關系，不同的進程調用mamap映射為同一個Physical Address可能會產生不同的Virtual Address值。

總結

應用層調試方法，config space配置、memap空間的理解
Pcie控制器的配置、使用
從實際調試PCIE設備的過程看，設備調試和使用主要涉及到兩個方面：config space和MMIO space。配置空間主要是用於配置PCIE設備。很多PCI設備僅僅支持64字節的配置空間。PCI和PCIe配置空間的區別如下：
PCI/PCI-X和PCIe設備還擴展了0x40和0xFF這段配置空間，這段空間主要存放一些與MSI或者MSI-X 中斷機制相關的Capability結構。其中所有能夠提交中斷請求的PCIe設備，必須支持MSI或者MSI-X 中斷機制相關的Capability結構。
PCIe設備還支持0x100 -0xFFF這段擴展配置空間。PCIe設備的擴展配置空間最大為4KB，在PCIe總線的擴展配置空間中，存放PCIe所獨有的一些Capability結構，而PCI設備不能使用這段空間。
在x86處理器中，使用CONFIG_ADDRESS寄存器與CONFIG_DATA寄存器訪問0x00-0xFF，而使用ECAM方式訪問0x000-0xFFF這段空間；而在PowerPC處理器中，可以使用CFG_DATA和CFG_ADDR寄存器訪問0x000-0xFFF。
MMIO(Memory mapping I/O)即內存映射I/O，它是PCI規范的一部分，I/O設備被放置在內存空間而不是I/O空間。從處理器的角度看，內存映射I/O后系統設備訪問起來和內存一樣。這樣訪問AGP/PCI-E顯卡上的幀緩存，BIOS，PCI設備就可以使用讀寫內存一樣的匯編指令完成，簡化了程序設計的難度和接口的復雜性。I/O作為CPU和外設交流的一個渠道，主要分為兩種，一種是Port I/O，一種是MMIO(Memory mapping I/O)。
底層使用pcie接口的軟件移植需要考慮以下方面：

確定address bus的寬度，是32bit還是64bit或者其他。
確定CPU的大小端，以及PCIE的大小端問題。
check下PICE max payload問題。

附錄


$$$develop from single control storeage based on P3041
$$$Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0 
=> pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 33 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 16 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 33 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 37 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 02 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 16 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 16 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 00 01 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 02 01 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 35 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 00 01 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 35 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 16 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 16 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 49 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 33 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00 => pci display.b 0.0.0 400 00000400: 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 e2 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000410: 01 00 00 00 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 40 96 96 00000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 5c 41 c2 00 00 00 00 00

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