想要在一台服務器上部署多個web應用的時候有兩種部署方式：1.拷貝多個tomcat 服務器，每個服務器啟動不同的web應用;2.一個tomcat容器部署多個web應用
兩種方式的優缺點：多個tomcat容器，多個應用程序。缺點：每啟動一個tomcat實例將創建一個進程，進程很消耗資源的。當系統有多個應用程序的時，過多的資源消耗在tomcat上，這是不需要的消耗。
一個tomcat多個應用程序。優點：只需要啟動一個tomcat進程，就可以部署多個web應用程序。缺點：當想要重啟其中一個應用程序的時候，所有部署在這個tocmat容器下的應用都將重啟。
下面來介紹這兩種的方式的配置
（一） 一台服務器，啟動多個tomcat進程，每個進程部署一個web應用。
1.將下載的apache tocmat 拷貝多份。這里我用的web應用程序是同一個，但是部署在不同的tomcat容器中，達到的效果就是一台服務器部署不同的web應用程序。
2.配置server.xml 文件，一下會有幾點需要注意的，我會在下面列出來
apache tomcat1 的server.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Server port="8007" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina">
<!-- 端口號：這是區分不同應用程序的第一步：不同的web應用必須部署在不同的端口號上--> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <Connector port="8011" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm>
<!-- appBase 是默認的應用存放目錄，webapps 代表的是%CATALINA_HONE%\webapps 文件夾--> <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/>
<!--docBase:web應用的存放路徑 path:url訪問的虛擬路徑 --> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\testApach1\webapps\springmvcmaven" path="/test" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
訪問的地址：http://localhost:8080/test/views/login.jsp
apache tomcat2 的server.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/> <GlobalNamingResources> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8090" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <Connector port="8001" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host appBase="D:\myCat\project" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\project\springmvcmaven" path="/" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
訪問路徑：http://localhost:8090/views/login.jsp
可以看出tomcat1 和 tomcat2 采用了兩種不同的部署方式，當啟動這兩個容器的時候，發現只能啟動端口號為8090 的服務器。
原因：在系統的環境變量中只設置CATALINA_HOME 為tomcat2 所在的root目錄，當點擊startup.bat啟動腳本的時候默認的獲取系統變量中CATALINA_HOME apache tomcat 的安裝目錄，所以每次啟動的都是同一個tomcat，當啟動的tocmat是同一個的時候端口號沖突，
tocmat 就是一閃而過，啟動失敗。
解決辦法：將環境變量中的CATALINA_HOME 的配置刪除
（二） 一個tomcat 中部署多個web應用
server.xml 配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --><!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/server.html --><Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/> <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" /> --> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/> <!-- Global JNDI resources Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html --> <GlobalNamingResources> <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users --> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/service.html --> <Service name="Catalina"> <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> <!-- <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> --> <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received and responses are returned. Documentation at : Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking) Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8090" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> <!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native documentation --> <!-- <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol" maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> --> <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <Connector port="8001" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1"> --> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: /docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to) /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> <!-- <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> --> <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords via a brute-force attack --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately available for use by the Realm. --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host appBase="D:\myCat\project" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> --> <!-- Access log processes all example. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" --> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\project\springmvcmaven" path="/" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> <Service name="Catalina1"> <Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8070" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/> <Connector port="8002" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina1"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true"> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/> <Context docBase="D:\myCat\apache-tomcat-7.0.73\webapps\springmvcmaven" path="/test2" reloadable="true" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>
當運行startup.bat 腳本的時候，這個tomcat下所有的web應用都啟動了。
訪問路徑：http://localhost:8090/views/login.jsp
http://localhost:8070/test2/views/login.jsp