IDEA 通過Maven創建Spring MVC項目搭建

概述

　　本篇隨筆主要記錄內容如下：

      1、通過Maven創建基於Spring Framework類庫的MVC項目，免去了繁瑣的XML配置；

      2、在Idea里面配置Tomcat的測試啟動項；

Maven創建MVC項目

　　2.1、新建Maven項目：New Project-->Maven

　　2.2、修改配置

配置pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wisely</groupId>
    <artifactId>hightlight_springmvc4</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.7</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <!--web-->
        <jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
        <!--spring-->
        <spring-framwork.version>4.1.5.RELEASE</spring-framwork.version>
        <!--Logging-->
        <logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring MVC-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-framwork.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--WEB依賴-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>${jsp.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring and Transactions-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-framwork.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--使用SLF4J和LogBack作為日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>${logback.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>${logback.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>
            <version>${logback.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

 

 　　在src/main/resources新建logback.xml來配置日志

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="1 seconds">

    <contextListener class="ch.qos.logback.classic.jul.LevelChangePropagator">
        <resetJUL>true</resetJUL>
    </contextListener>

    <jmxConfigurator/>

    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>logbak: %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG"/> <!-- 1 -->
    <root level="info">
        <appender-ref ref="console"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

　　在src/main/resources新建views文件夾，在src/main/resources/views新建index.jsp文件

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>
    <pr>
        Welcome to Spring Mvc World
    </pr>
</body>
</html>

  　　PS（右鍵views新建的時候並沒有jsp類型，需要將views設置為web路徑。Project Structure-->Modules-->選擇web，設置Web Resource Directory）

　　2.3、新建代碼塊

新建MvcConfig文件，用於配置MVC的映射規則，主要使用的InternalResourceViewResolver 類;PS：通過Package，查找新建的類的路徑

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc4;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.wisely.highlight_springmvc4")
public class MyMVCConfig {

    @Bean
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver(){
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver=new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
        return  viewResolver;
    }
}

 

　　 新建WebInitializer繼承WebApplicationInitializer，重寫里面OnStartUp方法。在WEB中，我們使用AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext，代碼如下

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc4;

import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration.Dynamic;

public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context=new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        context.register(MyMVCConfig.class);
        context.setServletContext(servletContext);

        Dynamic servlet=servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher",new DispatcherServlet(context));
        servlet.addMapping("/");
        servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);

    }
}

　　新建HelloController

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc4.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String hello(){
        return "index";
    }
}

 

Idea里面配置Tomcat

　　3.1、選擇Edit Configration,設置Tomcat

 　　3.2、設置Deployment,選擇"+"之后，選擇Artifacts

PS：war模式—-將WEB工程以包的形式上傳到服務器 ；war exploded模式—-將WEB工程以當前文件夾的位置關系上傳到服務器

　　3.3、設置Server內容項

啟動項目RunTomcat即可，輸入 http://localhost:8009/H99/即可訪問頁面信息

 get中文亂碼

項目中遇到在前台用get方法傳遞中文到后台拿到的是亂碼問題，花了好長時間解決，

下面是解決辦法：

1、在IDEA編輯器里的編碼格式都改成utf-8。

2、Get方式的亂碼問題，由於參數是通過URL傳遞的，需要在服務器端配置URL編碼格式。

注意，IDEA是沒法編輯server.xml文件的，需要我們手動編輯文件。

在D:\tolls\apache-tomcat-7.0.64\conf下，修改tomcat的配置文件server.xml：
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" />

只需增加 URIEncoding="UTF-8" 這一句，然后重啟tomcat即可。

Post中文亂碼

package com.wisely.highlight_springmvc4;

import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.util.EnumSet;

public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context=new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        context.register(MyMVCConfig.class);
        context.setServletContext(servletContext);

        //Post中文編碼亂碼
        CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter=new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        characterEncodingFilter.setForceEncoding(true);
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic filter=servletContext.addFilter("characterEncodingFilter",characterEncodingFilter);
        filter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST), true, "/*"); //映射Filter
        //數據啟動
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic servlet=servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher",new DispatcherServlet(context));
        servlet.addMapping("/");
        servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        //開啟異步方法處理
        servlet.setAsyncSupported(true);


    }
}

 

下載Demo