wpf中在style的template尋找ControlTemplate和DataTemplate的控件

一、WPF中的兩棵樹 
WPF中每個控件的Template都是由ControlTemplate構成，ControlTemplate包含了構成該控件的各種子控件，這些子控件就構成了VisualTree；而在我們可見的界面，所有搭建出整個程序UI的控件構成了LoginTree。VisualTree和LoginTree相互獨立，互相不可訪問，每中樹都有各自的方法來查找自己的子控件。 
二、尋找ControlTemplate中的控件 
首先，我們在資源中新建一個包含三個TextBox的ControlTemplate，把它賦值給一個UserControl對象；然后我們再在程序界面添加一個TextBox，在資源中引用之前把TextBox改成圓角風格的Style：

 

<Window x:Class="_11_221.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ControlTemplate x:Key="cTmp">
            <StackPanel Background="Orange">
                <TextBox x:Name="textBox1" Margin="6"/>
                <TextBox x:Name="textBox2" Margin="6,0"/>
                <TextBox x:Name="textBox3" Margin="6"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </ControlTemplate>
        <Style BasedOn="{x:Null}" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}" x:Key="tbstyle">
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}}"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="1"/>
            <Setter Property="AllowDrop" Value="true"/>
            <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{x:Null}"/>
            <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.PanningMode" Value="VerticalFirst"/>
            <Setter Property="Stylus.IsFlicksEnabled" Value="False"/>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
                        <Border x:Name="Bd" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"  SnapsToDevicePixels="true"
                        CornerRadius="10">
                            <TextBlock x:Name="textblck1" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
                        </Border>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
                                <Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}}"/>
                                <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.GrayTextBrushKey}}"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>

    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <StackPanel Background="Yellow">
            <UserControl x:Name="uc" Template="{StaticResource cTmp}" Margin="5"/>
            <TextBox x:Name="tb"  Style="{StaticResource tbstyle}"/>
            <Button Content="find" Width="120" Height="30" Click="Button_Click"/>
        </StackPanel>    
    </Grid>
</Window>

我們實現的效果是，點擊按鈕，分別從UserControl和TextBox中找到構成他們的ControlTemplate，然后找到子控件並進行相關操作： 
后台代碼：

private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextBox t = this.uc.Template.FindName("textBox1", this.uc) as TextBox;
            t.Text = "hello";
            StackPanel sp = t.Parent as StackPanel;
            (sp.Children[1] as TextBox).Text = "hello controltemplate";
            (sp.Children[2] as TextBox).Text = "find it";

            TextBlock tbl = this.tb.Template.FindName("textblck1", this.tb) as TextBlock;
            tbl.Text = "in textbox";
        }

ControlTemplate和DateTemplate都屬於Template，都可以給Template進行賦值，Template中提供了一個叫做FindName的接口，可以用來尋找模板中的控件。

三、尋找DataTemplate中的控件 
首先，先定義一個用於使用DataTemplate的類Student：

public class Student
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Skill { get; set; }
        public bool HasJob { get; set; }
    }

XMAL代碼如下：

 

<Window x:Class="_11_222.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:_11_222"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <local:Student x:Key="stu" Id="1"  Name="Hyman" Skill="Linux" HasJob="True"/>
        <DataTemplate x:Key="stuDT">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <TextBox  Name="textbox1" Text="{Binding Id}"/>
                <TextBox  Name="textbox2" Text="{Binding Name}"/>
                <TextBox  Name="textbox3" Text="{Binding Skill}"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <StackPanel>
            <ContentPresenter x:Name="cp" Content="{StaticResource stu}" ContentTemplate="{StaticResource stuDT}" />
            <Button x:Name="button" Width="120" Height="30"  Click="button_Click" Content="find"/>
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Window>

實現find按鈕的處理函數，將找到的TextBox中的內容用MessageBox彈出：

private void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextBox tb = this.cp.ContentTemplate.FindName("textbox2", this.cp) as TextBox;
            MessageBox.Show(tb.Text);
        }

界面效果如下： 
 

 轉自：http://blog.csdn.net/hyman_c/article/details/52020310