Nginx是一個高性能的Web和反向代理服務器，它具有很多非常優越的特性：
1、作為Web服務器。
2、作為負載均衡服務器。
3、作為郵件代理服務器。
4、安裝及配置簡單。
接下來我們介紹在docker構建nginx鏡像：
Docker鏡像構建分為兩種方式：
- 手動構建
- Dockerfile（自動構建）
一、Docker鏡像手動構建實例
基於centos鏡像進行構建nginx鏡像 #下載鏡像 [root@compute ~]# docker pull centos [root@compute ~]# docker pull nginx [root@compute ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/centos latest ff426288ea90 13 days ago 207.2 MB docker.io/nginx latest 3f8a4339aadd 3 weeks ago 108.5 MB #先創建centos鏡像 [root@compute ~]# docker run --name nginxdocker -ti centos [root@10859f0ffd78 /]# yum install -y wget [root@10859f0ffd78 /]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo #安裝nginx [root@10859f0ffd78 /]# yum install -y nginx [root@10859f0ffd78 /]# sed -i '3a daemon off;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf [root@10859f0ffd78 /]# exit [root@compute ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 10859f0ffd78 centos "/bin/bash" 7 minutes ago Exited (0) 19 seconds ago nginxdocker #構建鏡像 [root@compute ~]# docker commit -m "test Nginx" 10859f0ffd78 nginxdocker/nginxdocker:v1 sha256:616e9d624b9a1db8e23491db331228ca56dd60c04356da14ab6d7e4cf821d415 You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@compute ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginxdocker/nginxdocker v1 616e9d624b9a 10 seconds ago 383.9 MB #啟動容器 [root@compute ~]# docker run --name nginxserver -d -p 82:80 nginxdocker/nginxdocker:v1 nginx c2ded9ce8af76c3b4862ca54478d39429879c856a2751957c9287df077dfcf17 [root@compute ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES c2ded9ce8af7 nginxdocker/nginxdocker:v1 "nginx" 21 seconds ago Up 19 seconds 0.0.0.0:82->80/tcp nginxserver #測試 [root@compute ~]# curl -I 192.168.128.165:82 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Mon, 22 Jan 2018 08:15:39 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 3700 Last-Modified: Wed, 18 Oct 2017 08:08:18 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "59e70bf2-e74" Accept-Ranges: bytes
二、Docker鏡像自動構建實例
Dockerfile是一個文本格式的配置文件，用戶可以使用Dockerfile快速創建自定義的鏡像。
Dockerfile由一行行命令語句組成，#號注釋。分為：基礎鏡像信息、維護者信息、鏡像操作指令和容器啟動時執行指令。
#創建目錄 [root@compute ~]# mkdir /dokerfile [root@compute ~]# cd /dokerfile/ [root@compute dokerfile]# mkdir nginx [root@compute dokerfile]# cd nginx/ #添加Dockerfile文件注意D大寫 [root@compute nginx]# vim Dockerfile #This dockerfile uses the centos image #VERSION 2 - EDITION 1 #Author:jianlaihe #Command format: # 指定基於的基礎鏡像 FROM centos #維護者信息 MAINTAINER jianlaihe hejianlai@dnion.com #鏡像的操作指令 RUN yum install -y wget RUN wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/re po/epel-7.repo RUN yum install -y nginx RUN echo "daemon off;" >>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf #添加文件需存在當前目錄下 ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html EXPOSE 80 #容器啟動時執行命令 CMD /usr/sbin/nginx [root@compute nginx]# echo "hello docker" >index.html #docker build命令構建鏡像名為nginx版本v2 [root@compute nginx]# docker build -t nginx:v2 . Complete! ---> 5e37422db8b2 Removing intermediate container 87fa82c1173a Step 6 : RUN echo "daemon off;" >>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ---> Running in a03da9a96436 ---> 236590c11b39 Removing intermediate container a03da9a96436 Step 7 : ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html ---> ac28fc354cad Removing intermediate container 5c2d9944e6f3 Step 8 : EXPOSE 80 ---> Running in 0b598a0680b8 ---> d4addb2c20ba Removing intermediate container 0b598a0680b8 Step 9 : CMD /usr/sbin/nginx ---> Running in d1feaede849f ---> 4905d9869aa7 Removing intermediate container d1feaede849f Successfully built 4905d9869aa7 [root@compute nginx]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx v2 4905d9869aa7 53 seconds ago 404.1 MB #啟動容器 [root@compute nginx]# docker run --name testnginx -d -p 83:80 nginx:v2 b2cd72936465464bb8a88e9b3c5df0015241c7d17cb74062433ef79582c58908 #測試 [root@compute nginx]# curl 192.168.128.165:83 hello docker