1、查詢安裝路徑
dpkg -L 軟件名
例如：dpkg -L gedit
dpkg -L gedit /. /usr /usr/bin /usr/bin/gedit /usr/share /usr/share/applications /usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop /usr/share/dbus-1 /usr/share/dbus-1/services /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.gnome.gedit.service /usr/share/bug /usr/share/bug/gedit /usr/share/bug/gedit/script /usr/share/pyshared /usr/share/pyshared/gi /usr/share/pyshared/gi/overrides /usr/share/pyshared/gi/overrides/Gedit.py /usr/share/gedit /usr/share/gedit/gedit-bugreport /usr/share/lintian /usr/share/lintian/overrides /usr/share/lintian/overrides/gedit /usr/share/menu /usr/share/menu/gedit /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/gedit /usr/share/doc/gedit/README /usr/share/doc/gedit/BUGS /usr/share/doc/gedit/copyright /usr/share/doc/gedit/NEWS.gz /usr/share/doc/gedit/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/gedit/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/python /usr/share/python/runtime.d /usr/share/python/runtime.d/gedit.rtupdate /usr/lib /usr/lib/gedit /usr/lib/gedit/girepository-1.0 /usr/lib/gedit/girepository-1.0/Gedit-3.0.typelib /usr/lib/gedit/plugins /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libmodelines.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/zeitgeist.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/time.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libspell.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libtime.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libsort.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/outputpanel.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/windowactivatable.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/manager.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/capture.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/library.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/filelookup.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/__init__.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/functions.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/linkparsing.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/docinfo.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/changecase.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/modelines.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/placeholder.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/shareddata.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/substitutionparser.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/snippet.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/completion.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/exporter.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/singleton.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/windowactivatable.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/document.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/appactivatable.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/languagemanager.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/importer.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/manager.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/library.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/signals.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/__init__.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/helper.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/parser.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/sort.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/spell.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen/popup.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen/__init__.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen/virtualdirs.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libchangecase.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/filebrowser.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole/__init__.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole/console.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole/config.py /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets.plugin /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libdocinfo.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libzeitgeistplugin.so /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libfilebrowser.so /usr/lib/python2.7 /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides /usr/lib/libgedit-private.so.0.0.0 /usr/lib/libgedit-private.so.0 /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides/Gedit.py
或者
whereis 軟件名
例如：whereis gedit
2、查詢版本
aptitude show 軟件名
此方法可以查看依賴包。
例如：aptitude show kde-runtime
顯示如下：
aptitude show kde-runtime 軟件包： kde-runtime 狀態: 未安裝 版本號： 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu1 優先級： 可選 部分： kde 維護者： Kubuntu Developers <kubuntu-devel@lists.ubuntu.com> 未壓縮尺寸： 9,607 k 依賴於: libasound2 (>= 1.0.23), libattica0.3 (>= 0.3.0), libc6 (>= 2.15), libcanberra0 (>= 0.2), libexiv2-11, libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libjpeg8 (>= 8c), libkcmutils4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdeclarative5 (>= 4:4.7.0), libkdecore5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdesu5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdeui5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdewebkit5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdnssd4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkemoticons4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkfile4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkhtml5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkidletime4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkio5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkmediaplayer4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libknewstuff3-4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libknotifyconfig4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkparts4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkpty4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libnepomuk4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libnepomukdatamanagement4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libnepomukquery4a (>= 4:4.8.1), libnepomuksync4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libntrack-qt4-1 (>= 005), libopenexr6 (>= 1.6.1), libphonon4 (>= 4:4.7.0really4.5.0), libplasma3 (>= 4:4.8.1), libpulse-mainloop-glib0 (>= 1:0.99.1), libpulse0 (>= 1:0.99.1), libqt4-dbus (>= 4:4.6.1), libqt4-declarative (>= 4:4.7.0~rc1), libqt4-network (>= 4:4.5.3), libqt4-script (>= 4:4.6.1), libqt4-svg (>= 4:4.5.3), libqt4-xml (>= 4:4.5.3), libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.8.0), libqtgui4 (>= 4:4.8.0), libqtwebkit4 (>= 2.2~2011week36), libsmbclient (>= 2:3.2.0), libsolid4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libsoprano4 (>= 2.6.51), libssh-4 (>= 0.3.91), libstdc++6 (>= 4.6), libstreamanalyzer0 (>= 0.7.7), libstreams0 (>= 0.7.7), libx11-6, libxcursor1 (> 1.1.2), phonon, perl, kde-runtime-data (>= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu1), kdelibs5-plugins (>= 4:4.8.1), oxygen-icon-theme (>= 4:4.6), shared-desktop-ontologies, plasma-scriptengine-javascript (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu1) 推薦: udisks, upower, virtuoso-minimal, kubuntu-debug-installer, icoutils, libcanberra-pulse | libcanberra-gstreamer 建議: djvulibre-bin, finger 沖突: kdelibs4-dev 破壞: kdebase-runtime (< 4:4.6.80), kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4, kdebase-runtime-data (< 4:4.4.80), kdebase-workspace-bin (< 4:4.6), kdebluetooth (< 1.0~beta7-1), kdelibs5 (< 4:4.4.80), kdelibs5-plugins (< 4:4.5), nepomukcontroller, plasma-netbook (< 4:4.5.95), plasma-scriptengine-declarative, plasma-scriptengine-javascript (< 4:4.6.80) 代替: kdebase-runtime (< 4:4.6.80), kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4, kdebase-runtime-data (< 4:4.4.80), kdebase-workspace-bin (< 4:4.6), kdebluetooth (< 1.0~beta7-1), kdelibs5 (< 4:4.4.80), kdelibs5-plugins (< 4:4.5), nepomukcontroller, plasma-netbook (< 4:4.5.95), plasma-scriptengine-declarative, plasma-scriptengine-javascript (< 4:4.6.80) 描述： runtime components from the official KDE release KDE is produced by an international technology team that creates free and open source software for desktop and portable computing. Among KDE's products are a modern desktop system for Linux and UNIX platforms, comprehensive office productivity and groupware suites and hundreds of software titles in many categories including Internet and web applications, multimedia, entertainment, educational, graphics and software development. This package contains programs and data needed at runtime by KDE applications. 主頁： http://www.kde.org/
或者
dpkg -l 軟件名
例如：dpkg -l gedit
dpkg -l gedit 期望狀態=未知(u)/安裝(i)/刪除(r)/清除(p)/保持(h) | 狀態=未安裝(n)/已安裝(i)/僅存配置(c)/僅解壓縮(U)/配置失敗(F)/不完全安裝(H)/觸發器等待(W)/觸發器未決(T) |/ 錯誤?=(無)/須重裝(R) (狀態，錯誤：大寫=故障) ||/ 名稱 版本 描述 +++-==============-==============-============================================ ii gedit 3.3.8-0ubuntu1 official text editor of the GNOME desktop en
參考：
http://blog.csdn.net/micheal_j/article/details/7386623（以上內容轉自此篇文章）