.NET Core單文件發布靜態編譯AOT CoreRT

.NET Core單文件發布靜態編譯AOT CoreRT，將.NET Core應用打包成一個可執行文件並包含運行時。

支持Windows, MacOS and Linux x64 w/ RyuJIT codegen。

示例項目：

https://github.com/dotnet/corert/tree/master/samples/WebApi

下面來實際體驗。

首先確保安裝C++編譯環境，以及.NET Core 2.0 以上版本SDK。

新建WebAPI應用

打開命令提示符，輸入如下：

dotnet new webapi -o zeroapi

cd zeroapi

新建WebAPI應用。

添加CoreRT到項目

目前CoreRT還是alpha版，在myget上有包。

首先添加一個nuget.config

dotnet new nuget

然后在 <packageSources> 節點添加如下：

<add key="dotnet-core" value="https://dotnet.myget.org/F/dotnet-core/api/v3/index.json" />
<add key="nuget.org" value="https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json" protocolVersion="3" />

接着添加Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler包引用：

dotnet add package Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler -v 1.0.0-alpha-*

替換默認services並處理反射

打開Startup.cs ,將 services.AddMvc(); 替換成 services.AddMvcCore().AddJsonFormatters();

接着創建一個rd.xml 配置文件，用於反射處理運行時，確保反射程序集編譯到程序中。

rd.xml配置文件如下：

<Directives>
    <Application>
        <Assembly Name="zeroapi" Dynamic="Required All" />
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServer" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.KestrelServerOptionsSetup" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel" Dynamic="Required All"/>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportFactory" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportOptions" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Dynamic="Required All">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.DefaultServiceProviderFactory" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteExpressionBuilder" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteValidator" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsManager`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsFactory`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsMonitor`1[[Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions,Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Dynamic="Required All" />
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Internal.RoutingMarkerService" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.RouterMiddleware" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Tree.TreeRouteBuilder" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.DefaultInlineConstraintResolver" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.RouteOptions" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json.Internal.MvcJsonMvcOptionsSetup" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.MvcJsonOptions" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationPolicyProvider" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationOptions" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.HttpContextFactory" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting" Dynamic="Required All">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.ApplicationLifetime" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Logger`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LoggerFactory" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerProvider" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLogger" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLoggerProvider" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="System.Linq.Expressions">
            <Type Name="System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],Newtonsoft.Json]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[System.Func`2[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib],[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool.DefaultObjectPoolProvider" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Newtonsoft.Json">
            <Type Name="Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter">
            <Type Name="System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="System.ComponentModel.StringConverter" Dynamic="Required All" />
            <Type Name="System.ComponentModel.Int32Converter" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
        <Assembly Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json">
            <Type Name="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json.JsonConfigurationSource" Dynamic="Required All" />
        </Assembly>
    </Application>
</Directives>

其中如果你要替換成自己的程序，更改 <Assembly Name="zeroapi" Dynamic="Required All" /> 中的Name。

打開zeroapi.csproj

在<PropertyGroup>節點下將 <RdXmlFile>rd.xml</RdXmlFile> 加入。

接着將 <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" Version="2.0.3" /> 替換成如下：

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore" Version="2.0.1" />

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Version="2.0.1" />

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json" Version="2.0.1" />

 

接着將 ValuesController 更改一下，確保功能正常，如下：

    public class ValuesController
    {
        [HttpGet("/")]
        public string Hello() => "Hello World! LineZero AOT";
        // GET api/values
        [HttpGet("/api/values")]
        public IEnumerable<string> Get()
        {
            return new string[] { "AOT", "CoreRT" };
        }
        // GET api/values/5
        [HttpGet("/api/values/{id}")]
        public string Get(int id)
        {
            return "Your value is " + id;
        }
    }

程序改造完成，接着最重要的發布。

還原並發布

發布之前，使用dotnet run 確保功能正常運行。

發布請打開 x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017 ，注意一定在此命令行發布。在開始菜單找到 Visual Studio 2017，打開就能找到。

發布命令還是  dotnet publish -r <RID> -c <Configuration>

這里發布Windows 64位 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release，初次的話會默認還原對應的包，需要一些時間。

發布完成后，打開bin\x64\release\netcoreapp2.0\win-x64\publish 文件夾，里面zeroapi.exe即為最終文件，執行即可。

 

可以看到最終大小為21m左右。然后訪問http://localhost:5000/ 如圖：

 

控制台Demo

新建一個控制台應用，使用AOT發布。

單純控制台，沒有反射的內容，無需要rd.xml 文件。

代碼如下：

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            Console.WriteLine("LineZero AOT Demo！");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

最終 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release 發布

最終單個文件大小不到4m！

目前該技術還是早期版本，期待微軟最終帶到正式版。

GitHub：https://github.com/dotnet/corert