PowerMock+SpringMVC整合並測試Controller層方法

PowerMock擴展自Mockito，實現了Mockito不支持的模擬形式的單元測試。PowerMock實現了對靜態方法、構造函數、私有方法以及final方法的模擬支持，對靜態初始化過程的移除等強大的功能。（官方）

接下來，通過實例來實現對SpringMVC的Controller層的方法模擬測試。

 

一、maven引入PowerMock相應的Jar文件

<dependency>  
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>  
  <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>  
  <version>1.6.5</version>  
</dependency>  
  
<dependency>  
  <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>  
  <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>  
  <version>1.6.5</version>  
</dependency>  	

二、單元測試基類

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PowerMockIgnore;  
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;  
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunnerDelegate;  
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;  
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;  
  
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)  //使用PowerMockRunner運行時  
@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  //委派給SpringJUnit4ClassRunner  
@ContextConfiguration (locations={"classpath:META-INF/app_config/context/context-*.xml"}) //加載配置文件  
@Transactional  
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = true)  
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*"}) //忽略一些mock異常  
public class BaseJunit4 {  
      
}  

 

@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class):PowerMock與Spring整合時最重要的配置

@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="transactionManager",defaultRollback =true): 這里的事務關聯到項目的配置文件中的事務控制器（"transactionManager"），同時指定事物自動回滾（defaultRollback= true），以此對數據庫不會產生數據污染。

 

三、單元測試類

 

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;    
    
import java.util.HashMap;    
import java.util.Map;    
    
import javax.annotation.Resource;    
    
import org.junit.Before;    
import org.junit.Test;    
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;    
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;    
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;    
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;    
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;    
import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;    
    
import com.asset.action.IAssetScrapHandleAction;    
import com.asset.controller.AssetScrapHandleController;    
import com.framework.core.persistence.pagination.CurrentPage;    
  
@PrepareForTest({OrgUtils.class,UserUtils.class})  
public class ScrapAssetApplyActionImplTest extends BaseJunit4{  
    @InjectMocks@Autowired  
    private static AssetScrapHandleController controller;  
      
    @Resource(name=IAssetScrapHandleAction.ACTION_ID)  
    private IAssetScrapHandleAction aSHAction;  
  
    @Before  
    public  void befor(){  
        //依賴注入相應的action  
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(controller, "assetScrapHandleAction", aSHAction);  
    }  
  
    @Test  
    public void testCreateHandleNum() {  
        Map map = new HashMap();  
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(OrgUtils.class);PowerMockito.mockStatic(UserUtils.class);  
          
        //自定義模擬靜態方法返回的對象1  
        OrganizationBO bo = new OrganizationBO();  
        bo.setLeavel("L0");  
        PowerMockito.when(UserUtils.getLoginUserCom()).thenReturn(bo);  
          
        //自定義模擬靜態方法返回的對象2  
        UserBO userbo = new UserBO();  
        userbo.setOrgCode("1100");  
        LoginUser loginUser = new LoginUser(userbo);  
        PowerMockito.when(UserUtils.getUser()).thenReturn(loginUser);  
          
        //模擬請求  
        MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest();  
        request.setParameter("time", "2016-01-01");  
        CurrentPage page = new CurrentPage();  
        page.setRows(25);  
        map = controller.getDataList(request, page);   
        boolean actual = true;   
        assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(map.get("total").toString())>=1, actual);   
    }  
}    

 

對Controller測試時，還需要由Controller層中的Action去執行相應的業務代碼，對於Action的依賴注入就可以非常方便的使用ReflectionTestUtils.setField(controller,"assetScrapHandleAction",aSHAction)（非常重要），將aSHAction注入到controller層中的屬性名為assetScrapHandleAction中  
@PrepareForTest({OrgUtils.class,UserUtils.class}) 注解一定要放到類上，或者基類上也可以，千萬不能放到方法上。如果在方法上，會導致每執行一次test方法，都會委托SpringJUnit4ClassRunner去加載一次上下文配置，將直接導致內存耗盡。

 

 

四、Controller層代碼實例  

 

@Controller("assetScrapHandleController")    
@RequestMapping(value="/assetScrapHandle")    
public class AssetScrapHandleController  extends BaseController  {    
            
    @Resource(name=IAssetScrapHandleAction.ACTION_ID)    
    private IAssetScrapHandleAction assetScrapHandleAction;    
        
    @RequestMapping("/list")    
    @ResponseBody    
    public Map<String,Object> getDataList(HttpServletRequest request,CurrentPage page){    
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();    
        Dto param = getParamAsDto(request);    
        String leavel = UserUtils.getLoginUserCom().getLeavel();    
        String orgCode = UserUtils.getUser().getUser().getOrgCode();    
        param.put("userLeavel", leavel);    
        param.put("orgCode", orgCode);    
        page.setParamObject(param);    
        CurrentPage currentPage = assetScrapHandleAction.queryForPage(page);    
            
        map.put("rows", currentPage.getPageItems());    
        map.put("total", currentPage.getTotalRows());    
            
        return map;    
    }    
}    

 

UserUtils.getLoginUserCom().getLeavel();執行時，返回“L0”  
UserUtils.getUser().getUser().getOrgCode();執行時，返回“1100”  
這些都是PowerMock的功勞！