旋轉
(1)按角度旋轉
/// <summary>
/// 根據角度旋轉圖標
/// </summary>
/// <param name="img"></param>
public Image RotateImg(Image img, float angle)
{
//通過Png圖片設置圖片透明,修改旋轉圖片變黑問題。
int width = img.Width;
int height = img.Height;
//角度
Matrix mtrx = new Matrix();
mtrx.RotateAt(angle, new PointF((width / 2), (height / 2)), MatrixOrder.Append);
//得到旋轉后的矩形
GraphicsPath path = new GraphicsPath();
path.AddRectangle(new RectangleF(0f, 0f, width, height));
RectangleF rct = path.GetBounds(mtrx);
//生成目標位圖
Bitmap devImage = new Bitmap((int)(rct.Width), (int)(rct.Height));
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(devImage);
g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.Bilinear;
g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
//計算偏移量
Point Offset = new Point((int)(rct.Width - width) / 2, (int)(rct.Height - height) / 2);
//構造圖像顯示區域:讓圖像的中心與窗口的中心點一致
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(Offset.X, Offset.Y, (int)width, (int)height);
Point center = new Point((int)(rect.X + rect.Width / 2), (int)(rect.Y + rect.Height / 2));
g.TranslateTransform(center.X, center.Y);
g.RotateTransform(angle);
//恢復圖像在水平和垂直方向的平移
g.TranslateTransform(-center.X, -center.Y);
g.DrawImage(img, rect);
//重至繪圖的所有變換
g.ResetTransform();
g.Save();
g.Dispose();
path.Dispose();
return devImage;
}
(2)按弧度旋轉
/// <summary>
/// 第二種方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="b"></param>
/// <param name="angle"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Image RotateImg2(Image b, float angle)
{
angle = angle % 360; //弧度轉換
double radian = angle * Math.PI / 180.0;
double cos = Math.Cos(radian);
double sin = Math.Sin(radian);
//原圖的寬和高
int w = b.Width;
int h = b.Height;
int W = (int)(Math.Max(Math.Abs(w * cos - h * sin), Math.Abs(w * cos + h * sin)));
int H = (int)(Math.Max(Math.Abs(w * sin - h * cos), Math.Abs(w * sin + h * cos)));
//目標位圖
Image dsImage = new Bitmap(W, H);
System.Drawing.Graphics g = System.Drawing.Graphics.FromImage(dsImage);
g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.Bilinear;
g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
//計算偏移量
Point Offset = new Point((W - w) / 2, (H - h) / 2);
//構造圖像顯示區域:讓圖像的中心與窗口的中心點一致
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(Offset.X, Offset.Y, w, h);
Point center = new Point(rect.X + rect.Width / 2, rect.Y + rect.Height / 2);
g.TranslateTransform(center.X, center.Y);
g.RotateTransform(360-angle);
//恢復圖像在水平和垂直方向的平移
g.TranslateTransform(-center.X, -center.Y);
g.DrawImage(b, rect);
//重至繪圖的所有變換
g.ResetTransform();
g.Save();
g.Dispose();
//dsImage.Save("yuancd.jpg", System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
return dsImage;
}
以上參考:基於C#的兩種圖片旋轉方法
此外,可以直接使用已封裝的方法:
/// <summary>
/// 旋轉(利用已封裝的方法)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">圖片路徑</param>
/// <param name="rotateFlipType">旋轉方式</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool KiRotate(string path, RotateFlipType rotateFlipType)
{
try
{
using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(path))
{
// 順時針旋轉90度 RotateFlipType.Rotate90FlipNone
// 逆時針旋轉90度 RotateFlipType.Rotate270FlipNone
// 水平翻轉 RotateFlipType.Rotate180FlipY
// 垂直翻轉 RotateFlipType.Rotate180FlipX
bitmap.RotateFlip(rotateFlipType);
bitmap.Save(path);
}
return true;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
return false;
}
}
轉換
(1)Bitmap & BitmapImage
// 程序集
System.Xaml.dll
System.Drawing.dll
WindowsBase.dll
PresentationCore.dll
// 命名空間
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using System.Windows;
/// <summary>
/// 創建一個Bitmap對象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="_uri">"../Images/test.png"</param>
public Bitmap CreatBitmapObject(string _uri)
{
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(_uri);
return bitmap;
}
/// <summary>
/// 創建一個BitmapImage對象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="_uri">"../Images/test.png"</param>
public BitmapImage CreatBitmapImageObject(string _uri)
{
BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage(
new Uri(_uri, UriKind.Relative));
return bitmapImage;
}
/// <summary>
/// BitmapImage to Bitmap
/// </summary>
public Bitmap BitmapImage2Bitmap(BitmapImage bitmapImage)
{
using (MemoryStream outStream = new MemoryStream())
{
BitmapEncoder enc = new BmpBitmapEncoder();
enc.Frames.Add(BitmapFrame.Create(bitmapImage));
enc.Save(outStream);
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(outStream);
return new Bitmap(bitmap);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Bitmap to BitmapImage
/// </summary>
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);
public BitmapImage Bitmap2BitmapImage(Bitmap bitmap)
{
IntPtr hBitmap = bitmap.GetHbitmap();
BitmapImage retval;
try
{
retval = (BitmapImage)Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(
hBitmap, IntPtr.Zero, Int32Rect.Empty,
BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());
}
finally
{
DeleteObject(hBitmap);
}
return retval;
}
若是將Bitmap轉換成BitmapSource,只需將返回值類型更改為BitmapSource即可。
具體參考:Converting BitmapImage to Bitmap and vice versa;
(2)Bitmap/BitmapImage & byte[]
/// <summary>
/// Bitmap to 字節數組
/// </summary>
public byte[] Bitmap2Bytes(Bitmap bitmap)
{
ImageFormat format = bitmap.RawFormat;
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
bitmap.Save(ms, format);
byte[] data = new byte[ms.Length];
//Save()會改變MemoryStream的Position,需要重新Seek到Begin也就是開始的0位置
ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
ms.Read(data, 0, Convert.ToInt32(ms.Length));
return data;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 字節數組 to Bitmap
/// </summary>
public Bitmap Bytes2Bitmap(byte[] data)
{
MemoryStream ms = null;
try
{
ms = new MemoryStream(data);
return new Bitmap((Image)new Bitmap(ms));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
ms.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// BitmapImage to 字節數組
/// </summary>
public byte[] BitmapImage2Bytes(BitmapImage bitmapImage)
{
byte[] bytes = null;
try
{
Stream ms = bitmapImage.StreamSource;
if (ms != null && ms.Length > 0)
{
//很重要,因為Position經常位於stream的末尾,導致下面讀取到的長度為0
ms.Position = 0;
using (BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(ms))
{
bytes = br.ReadBytes((int)ms.Length);
}
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
bytes = null;
throw ex;
}
return bytes;
}
/// <summary>
/// 字節數組 to BitmapImage
/// </summary>
public BitmapImage Bytes2BitmapImage(byte[] data)
{
BitmapImage bitmapImage = null;
try
{
bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
bitmapImage.BeginInit();
bitmapImage.StreamSource = new MemoryStream(data);
bitmapImage.EndInit();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
bitmapImage = null;
throw ex;
}
return bitmapImage;
}
此時,可以總結下Bitmap、BitmapImage、Image和BitmapSource、ImageSource之間的關系
// Image抽象類,Bitmap密封類 public abstract class Image: xxx public sealed class Bitmap : Image // ImageSource和BitmapSource抽象類,BitmapImage密封類 public abstract class ImageSource: xxx public abstract class BitmapSource : ImageSource public sealed class BitmapImage : BitmapSource
壓縮
圖片大小 > 1M 時,可以對圖片進行壓縮,有效減小圖片大小、占用內存空間等。
/// <summary>
/// 生成縮略圖
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceFile">原始圖片文件</param>
/// <param name="quality">質量壓縮比:0-100,越大質量越好</param>
/// <param name="multiple">壓縮倍數</param>
/// <param name="outputFile">輸出文件名</param>
/// <returns>成功返回true,失敗返回false</returns>
/// 調用格式:GetThumImage("", 85L, 3, "");
public static bool GetThumImage(string sourceFile, long quality, int multiple, string outputFile)
{
try
{
// 獲取圖片信息
Bitmap sourceImage = new Bitmap(sourceFile);
ImageCodecInfo myImageCodecInfo = GetEncoderInfo(sourceImage.RawFormat);
if (null == myImageCodecInfo) {
return false;
}
// 壓縮質量
System.Drawing.Imaging.Encoder myEncoder = System.Drawing.Imaging.Encoder.Quality;
EncoderParameters myEncoderParameters = new EncoderParameters(1);
EncoderParameter myEncoderParameter = new EncoderParameter(myEncoder, quality);
myEncoderParameters.Param[0] = myEncoderParameter;
// 按比例壓縮
float _xWidth = sourceImage.Width;
float _yWidth = sourceImage.Height;
Bitmap newImage = new Bitmap((int)(_xWidth / multiple), (int)(_yWidth / multiple));
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(newImage);
/// 可按需配置屬性
//g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
//g.CompositingMode = CompositingMode.SourceCopy;
//g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
g.DrawImage(sourceImage, 0, 0, (_xWidth / multiple), (_yWidth / multiple));
g.Dispose();
// 保存圖片
newImage.Save(outputFile, myImageCodecInfo, myEncoderParameters);
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取圖片編碼信息
/// </summary>
private static ImageCodecInfo GetEncoderInfo(ImageFormat format)
{
ImageCodecInfo[] encoders;
encoders = ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders();
for (int j = 0; j < encoders.Length; ++j)
{
if (encoders[j].FormatID == format.Guid) {
return encoders[j];
}
}
return null;
}
提供一個在工作中壓縮圖片的方法
public string CompressImageString(string str) {
string convertedImageString = string.Empty;
byte[] b = Convert.FromBase64String(str);
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(b);
Bitmap bitMap = new Bitmap(ms);
bitMap = CompressImage(bitMap);
byte[] byteArray = null;
using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream()) {
bitMap.Save(stream, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
byteArray = new byte[stream.Length];
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
if (stream.Read(byteArray, 0, Convert.ToInt32(stream.Length)) <= 0)
{
return "";
}
}
convertedImageString = Convert.ToBase64String(byteArray);
return convertedImageString;
}
private Bitmap CompressImage(Bitmap bitmap, double compressRatio) {
int width = (int)(bitmap.Width * compressRatio);
int height = (int)(bitmap.Height * compressRatio);
System.Drawing.Image.GetThumbnailImageAbort myCallback = new System.Drawing.Image.GetThumbnailImageAbort(ThumbnailCallback);
System.Drawing.Image myThumbnail = bitmap.GetThumbnailImage(width, height, myCallback, IntPtr.Zero);
Bitmap compressBitmap = new Bitmap(myThumbnail);
return compressBitmap;
}
public bool ThumbnailCallback() { return false; }
Base64處理
最常見的用於傳輸8Bit字節碼的編碼方式之一,可以將任意一組字節轉換為較長的常見文本字符序列,從而可以合法地作為首部字段值
- Base64:一種基於64個可打印字符以及用作后綴的等號來表示二進制數據的方法
- Base64編碼:從二進制到字符的過程,可用於在HTTP環境下傳遞較長的標識信息
- 編碼規則:每三個8Bit的字節轉換為四個6Bit的字節(3*8 = 4*6 = 24),然后把6Bit再添兩位高位0,組成四個8Bit的字節,也就是說,轉換后的字符串理論上將要比原來的長1/3個字符變成4個字符,每76個字符加一個換行符,最后的結束符也要處理
其中,64個可打印字符包括:大小寫字母、數字、 + 和 / 。相關特點:
- 把含有不可見字符串的信息用可見字符串表示出來、降低出錯率,但具有不可讀性、需解碼
- 二進制序列的長度必須是24的倍數(6和8的最小公倍數)
- 等號一定用作后綴,且數目一定是0個、1個或2個
- 因為將3個字節轉化成4個字節,因此編碼后的文本,會比原文本大出三分之一左右
['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', ... 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', ... '0', '1', '2', ... '+', '/']
注意,標准的Base64編碼存在 '+'和 '/',針對URL,通過"url safe"的base64編碼,將 '+'和 '/' 分別變成 '-'和 '_',同時會刪除結果最后的 '='
>>> base64.b64encode('i\xb7\x1d\xfb\xef\xff')
'abcd++//'
>>> base64.urlsafe_b64encode('i\xb7\x1d\xfb\xef\xff')
'abcd--__'
對於二進制序列長度必須是24倍數的解釋:正常情況下,只要長度是6的倍數即可。但是,當連接兩段Base64編碼過的字符串后再解碼,這個時候就需要6和8的公倍數,即長度必須是24的倍數。
現在瀏覽器已有內置的自動生成base64的方法 atob() 和 btoa()
// 編碼 window.btoa() // 解碼 window.atob()
具體參見:window.btoa();window.atob();
注意,待編碼字符串若包含中文,直接編碼會出現問題,應采用如下方式
function utf8_to_b64( str ) {
return window.btoa(
unescape(
encodeURIComponent( str )));
}
function b64_to_utf8( str ) {
return decodeURIComponent(
escape(
window.atob( str )));
}
參考:
