注：mysql 5.6，5.7 默認使用utf-8編碼，mysql8 默認使用utfmb4編碼。
查看當前使用的編碼可以使用以下命令：
show variables like 'character%'; show variables like 'collation_%';
可以查到如下信息：
+--------------------------+------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+------------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | D:\program\mysql56\share\charsets\ | +--------------------------+------------------------------------+ +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | | collation_database | utf8_general_ci | | collation_server | utf8_general_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+
如果要修改成utf-8編碼，可以在 mysql 命令行里輸入以下內容：
set character_set_connection=utf8; set character_set_database=utf8 ; set character_set_results=utf8 ; set character_set_client=utf8; set character_set_server=utf8; set character_set_system=utf8; set collation_connection=utf8; set collation_database=utf8; set collation_server=utf8;
若要修改成其他編碼，把utf8改成相應的編碼即可。建議直接使用mysql5.6及以上的版本，默認使用utf-8編碼。
使用命令方式只針對當前會話有效，可以修改 my.ini 配置文件里的編碼，保存文件后重啟mysql服務即可。