微服務示例-Spring Cloud

1~開發准備

　　JDK:1.8

　　Spring Boot:1.5.9.RELEASE

　　Spring Coud:Edgware.RELEASE

　　IDE:IntelliJ IDEA 2017

　　Maven:3.3.9

2~創建服務注冊中心

　　File->New->Projects->Spring Initializr

 點擊Next,填寫信息如下:

然后點擊Next,選擇如下:

點擊Next,然后點擊Finish.項目結構如下:

 其中pom.xml文件內容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.human</groupId>
    <artifactId>sbc-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sbc-service</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

項目初始化完成,修改resources文件夾下application.properties文件,內容如下:

server.port=8081
spring.application.name=human-service
eureka.instance.hostname=localhost
eureka.client.registerWithEureka=false
eureka.client.fetchRegistry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

然后修改主程序代碼如下:

package com.human.sbcservice;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class SbcServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbcServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

至此,一個微服務注冊中心完成

3~創建微服務提供者

　大體上與創建注冊中心相同,在選擇依賴的時候如下圖

 

選擇完畢,點擊Next,然后點擊Finish,完成后項目結構如圖:

 

 pom.xml代碼如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.human</groupId>
    <artifactId>sbc-user</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sbc-user3</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

 

 然后打開主程序文件,修改代碼如下:

package com.human.sbcuser;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient//Eureka微服務注解
@SpringBootApplication
public class SbcUserApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbcUserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

 修改application.properties文件,內容如下:

server.port=8082
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http\://localhost\:8081/eureka/
spring.application.name=cloud-simple-service

新建一個名為HelloController文件,具體代碼:

package com.human.sbcuser;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBod
    public  String hello()
    {
        return  "hello KinY ~KoKo";
    }
}

至此,一個簡單的服務提供者創建完畢

4~創建微服務消費者

  利用Rbbon創建客戶端,其中group:com.human,Artifact:sbc-consumer,剩下基本上與創建注冊中心相同,其中選擇依賴時如下圖:

　　

完成后,pom.xml文件內容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.human</groupId>
    <artifactId>sbc-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sbc-service</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

修改程序主類,內容如下:

package com.human.sbconsumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SbcConsumerApplication {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return  new RestTemplate();
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbcConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

修改配置文件application.properties,內容如下:

server.port=8083
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http\://localhost\:8081/eureka/
spring.application.name=cloud-simple-consumer

新增HelloController文件,內容如下:

package com.human.sbconsumer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public  String hello()
    {
        return  restTemplate.getForEntity("http://cloud-simple-service/",String.class).getBody();
    }
}

至此編碼完成.

5~運行

先運行注冊中心項目(sbc-service),然后運行服務提供者項目(sbc-user),打開瀏覽器輸入地址:http://localhost:8081/,顯示內容如下:

 

 其中紅色框內,說明服務提供者注冊成功,此時訪問地址:http://localhost:8082/  輸出文本:hello KinY ~KoKo,說明服務提供者正常運行,下面運行服務消費者(sbc-consumer),再訪問http://localhost:8081/  發現變成如下內容:

 

說明服務客戶端也成功注冊,下面直接訪問  http://localhost:8083/  瀏覽器輸出文本:hello KinY ~KoKo 大功告成!!
至此一個簡配的微服務架構搭建完畢.

6~補充

　　①:在選擇端口時注意不要與其他程序沖突
　　②:其中消費者基於Ribbon創建,Ribbon是基於http和tcp的客戶端負載均衡器