socket.makefile（mode ='r'，buffering = None，*，encoding = None，errors = None，newline = None ）
返回一個與套接字相關聯的文件對象。返回的確切類型取決於給makefile()提供的參數。
這些參數的解釋方式與內置open()函數的解釋方式相同，除了makefile方法唯一支持的mode值是'r'（默認）'w'和'b'。
套接字必須處於阻塞模式; 它可能有超時，但是如果超時發生，文件對象的內部緩沖區可能會以不一致的狀態結束。
關閉返回的文件對象makefile()將不會關閉原始套接字，除非所有其他文件對象已關閉並且 socket.close()已在套接字對象上調用。
makefie的簡單用法：
#makefile
import threading,logging,socket
DATEFMT="%H:%M:%S"
FORMAT = "[%(asctime)s]\t [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,format=FORMAT,datefmt=DATEFMT)
sock = socket.socket()
addr = ('127.0.0.1',9999)
event = threading.Event()
sock.bind(addr)
sock.listen()
def _accept(sock:socket.socket):
s,addrinfo = sock.accept()
f = s.makefile(mode='rw')
while True:
line = f.readline() # read(10) 文本使用readline
logging.info(line)
if line.strip() == 'quit':
break
msg = "Your msg = {}. ack".format(line)
f.write(msg)
f.flush()
f.close()
sock.close()
threading.Thread(target=_accept,args=(sock,)).start()
while not event.wait(2):
logging.info(sock)
#運行結果：
[19:09:47] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:09:49] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:09:49] [Thread-1,6044] hi?
[19:09:51] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:09:53] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:09:55] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:09:57] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:09:59] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:01] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:03] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:05] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:07] [Thread-1,6044] Are you ok?
[19:10:07] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:09] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:11] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:13] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999)>
[19:10:13] [Thread-1,6044] quit
[19:10:15] [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket [closed] fd=-1, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0>
TCP Server 改裝成makefile：
連接兩個客戶端分別測試消息是否分發正常，客戶端quit指令是否可以正常關閉socket，self.clients字典是否已經移除失聯的socket。
客戶端分別測試正常退出：quit退出，和異常退出：強制退出。然后觀察服務端是否運行正常。
#TCP Server 改裝成makefile
import threading,logging,time,random,datetime,socket
DATEFMT="%H:%M:%S"
FORMAT = "[%(asctime)s]\t [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,format=FORMAT,datefmt=DATEFMT)
class ChatServer:
def __init__(self,ip='127.0.0.1',port=9999): #啟動服務
self.addr = (ip,port)
self.sock = socket.socket()
self.event = threading.Event()
self.clients = {} #客戶端
def show_client(self):
while not self.event.is_set():
if len(self.clients) > 0:
logging.info(self.clients)
self.event.wait(3)
def start(self):
self.sock.bind(self.addr)
self.sock.listen()
# accept會阻塞主線程，所以開一個新線程
threading.Thread(target=self._accept,name='accept',daemon=True).start()
threading.Thread(target=self.show_client,name='show_client',daemon=True).start()
def stop(self):
for c in self.clients.values():
c.close()
self.sock.close()
self.event.wait(3)
self.event.set()
def _accept(self):
while not self.event.is_set(): #多人連接
conn,client = self.sock.accept() #阻塞
f = conn.makefile(mode='rw',encoding='utf8')
self.clients[client] = f
logging.info("{}-{}".format(conn,client))
# recv 默認阻塞,每一個連接單獨起一個recv線程准備接收數據
threading.Thread(target=self._recv, args=(f, client), name='recv',daemon=True).start()
def _recv(self, f, client): #接收客戶端數據
while not self.event.is_set():
try:
data = f.readline()
except Exception:
data = 'quit'
finally:
msg = data.strip()
# Client通知退出機制
if msg == 'quit':
f.close()
self.clients.pop(client)
logging.info('{} quit'.format(client))
break
msg = "{:%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S} {}:{}\n{}\n".format(datetime.datetime.now(),*client,data)
print(msg)
logging.info(msg)
for c in self.clients.values():
c.writelines(msg)
c.flush()
cs = ChatServer()
print('!!!!!!!!!!!')
cs.start()
print('~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~')
e = threading.Event()
def showthreads(e:threading.Event):
while not e.wait(3):
logging.info(threading.enumerate())
threading.Thread(target=showthreads,name='showthreads',args=(e,)).start()
while not e.wait(1): # Sever控制台退出方式
cmd = input('>>> ').strip()
if cmd == 'quit':
cs.stop()
e.wait(3)
break
#運行結果：
!!!!!!!!!!!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>> [15:18:49] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:18:49] [accept,2820] <socket.socket fd=388, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 9999), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 3507)>-('127.0.0.1', 3507)
[15:18:49] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:18:52] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:18:52] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:18:54] [recv,10156] 2017/12/24 15:18:54 127.0.0.1:3507
2017/12/24 15:18:54 127.0.0.1:3507
123
123
[15:18:55] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:18:55] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:18:58] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:18:58] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:01] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:19:01] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:04] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:19:04] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:07] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:19:07] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:10] [show_client,4284] {('127.0.0.1', 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode='rw' encoding='utf8'>}
[15:19:10] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:12] [recv,10156] 2017/12/24 15:19:12 127.0.0.1:3507
[15:19:12] [recv,10156] ('127.0.0.1', 3507) quit
2017/12/24 15:19:12 127.0.0.1:3507
[15:19:13] [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>]
總結：
使用makefile返回一個套接字相關聯的文件對象，對該文件對象的操作方法，與普通文件操作方法一致，read,readline,write,writeline
makefile不僅僅可以對accept建立連接后的socketObject使用，也可對主線程的sock和任何socketObject使用。