Mysql-xtrabackup 與MySQL5.7 binlog 實現數據即時點恢復
一、數據庫准備
1. rpm -e mariadb-libs postfix
tar xf mysql-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
2. 安裝
yum install mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3. 數據庫初始化
5.6:mysql_install_db --user=mysql
有可能報錯-> 解決方法：yum install perl-Data-Dumper -y
5.7: mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
tail /var/log/mysqld.log
………
2017-12-01T02:18:54.261204Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated
for root@localhost: Xrpwbb#hP8yp
4. 啟動服務並登錄數據庫
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pXrpwbb#hP8yp
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
報錯解決：
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
5. 修改數據庫密碼
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -pXrpwbb#hP8yp password 123456
6. vim /etc/my.cnf
添加
.............
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin //開啟binlog日志
character-set-server=utf8 //設置字符集
validate_password=off //關閉密碼檢測插件
7. 准備庫表素材
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'create database db1;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'create table db1.t1(id int,name varchar(20));'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'insert into db1.t1 values(1,"a"),(2,"b"),(3,"c");'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from db1.t1;'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
+------+------+
二. 安裝percona-xtrabackup
1. 使用innobackup完全備份
創建backup用戶：
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant SELECT,RELOAD,SHOW DATABASES,LOCK TABLES,SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT,CREATE TABLESPACE,PROCESS on *.* to backup@'localhost' identified by '123456';"
完全備份：
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /bak/full
[root@localhost~]# innobackupex --user=backup --password=123456 --no-timestamp /mysqlbackup/full/full_`date +%F`
查看
[root@localhost full]# ls
full_2017-12-02-11:21:08
[root@localhost full]# cd full_2017-12-02-11\:21\:08/
[root@localhost full_2017-12-02-11:21:08]# ls
backup-my.cnf ibdata1 sys xtrabackup_info
db1 mysql xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_logfile
ib_buffer_pool performance_schema xtrabackup_checkpoints
繼續插入數據
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'insert into db1.t1 values(4,"d");'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'insert into db1.t1 values(5,"e");'
誤操作刪除
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'delete from db1.t1 where id>3;'
繼續插入數據
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'insert into db1.t1 values(6,"f"),(7,"g");'
誤刪除數據庫
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'drop database db1;'
2.過程恢復操作
1) 刷新binlog日志
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'flush logs;'
2) 查看binlog日志
方法一
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "show master status;"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
#一般查看前一個日志文件
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002';
+------------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.18-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 154 | |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 219 | Query | 1 | 310 | create database db1
………………………
方法二：使用mysqlbinlog
#注意5.7版本，insert語句已經加密，默認看不到，查看時加上選項[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS –vv /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#171202 13:28:13 server id 1 end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0xfbf051da Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.18-log created 170810 20:35:03 at startup
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
# at 123
#171202 13:29:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 154 CRC32 0x7761f86f Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 154
#171202 31:29:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 219 CRC32 0xb60eddec Anonymous_GTID last_committed=0 sequence_number=1
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/;
# at 219
#171202 13:29:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 310 CRC32 0xbbe85598 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1502368628/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1436549152/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
create database db1
/*!*/;
# at 310
#171202 13:31:08 server id 1 end_log_pos 375 CRC32 0x3d54173c Anonymous_GTID last_committed=1 sequence_number=2
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/;
# at 375
#171302 13:32:08 server id 1 end_log_pos 488 CRC32 0x10705617 Query thread_id=6 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1502368628/*!*/;
create table db1.t1(id int,name varchar(20))
…………………………………….
…………………..
3) 根據日志文件提取全備后數據
- 基於時間點提取插入第4條和第5條數據
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 --start-datetime="2017-12-02 13:47:41" --stop-datetime="2017-12-02 13:47:57" > time.sql
- 基於位置點提取插入第6條和第7條數據
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 --start-position="2306" --stop-position="2502" -r position.sql
3.恢復全備
應用日志
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user=backup --password=123456 --apply-log /mysqlbackup/full/full_2017-12-02-13\:47\:17
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
刪除數據文件
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
還原數據
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user=backup --password=123456 --copy-back / mysqlbackup/full/full_2017-12-02-13\:47\:17
授權
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
檢查全備：
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e 'select * from db1.t1;'
Enter password:
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
+------+------+
4. 增量恢復
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p < time.sql
Enter password:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e 'select * from db1.t1;'
Enter password:
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
| 4 | d |
| 5 | e |
+------+------+
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p < position.sql
Enter password:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e 'select * from db1.t1;'
Enter password:
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
| 4 | d |
| 5 | e |
| 6 | f |
| 7 | g |
+------+------+